Reservoir prediction using multi-wave seismic attributes

The main problems in seismic attribute technology are the redundancy of data and the uncertainty of attributes, and these problems become much more serious in multi-wave seismic exploration. Data redundancy will increase the burden on interpreters, occupy large computer memory, take much more computing time, conceal the effective information, and especially cause the "curse of dimension". Uncertainty of attributes will reduce the accuracy of rebuilding the relationship between attributes and geological significance. In order to solve these problems, we study methods of principal component analysis (PCA), independent component analysis (ICA) for attribute optimization and support vector machine (SVM) for reservoir prediction. We propose a flow chart of multi-wave seismic attribute process and further apply it to multi-wave seismic reservoir prediction. The processing results of real seismic data demonstrate that reservoir prediction based on combination of PP- and PS-wave attributes, compared with that based on traditional PP-wave attributes, can improve the prediction accuracy.     

河西玻璃温室辣椒生产的气候适应性及指标分析

用灰色系统关联度及统计方法对玻璃温室内辣椒生长状况、生物量与室内１０种气象要素进行定量分析,得出影响辣椒生产各气象要素的指标。     

中原经济区城市体系空间组织

新型城镇化是引领中原经济区“三化”协调发展的重要切入点,而城市体系空间组织又是支撑新型城镇化的主要载体。依据空间组织的基本理论,采用多种空间分析手段,分析了中原经济区城市体系的空间组织路径,结论如下：① 通过规模实力、综合实力评价模型计算中原经济区30个省辖市的空间组织等级,结合空间组织的均衡原则,确定以郑州为核心城市,洛阳、邯郸、信阳和商丘为区域中心城市,晋城、安阳、南阳、淮北为区域性次中心城市的等级体系;② 应用分形理论、圈层分析、缓冲区分析、城市相互作用模型等方法分析发现,中原经济区具备以郑州为核心的圈层式、轴带状、核心板块网络化、组团分区的组织基础;③ 结合空间组织的等级层次和现实基础,提出中原经济区空间组织的“中心带动、圈层推动、轴带组织、核心板块网络化、组团分片”的模式选择与路径取向。     

Salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of the dinoflagellate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oxyrrhis marina</Emphasis>

To evaluate the relationship between salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of plankton, we collected a wild species of plankton from Taipingjiao, Qingdao. The fragment of ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 was extracted and sequenced. The results showed that the plankton belongs to Oxyrrhis marina. The salinity tolerance of O. marina ranges from 4 to 60. Seven selected groups were built up to evaluate salinity tolerance and to assess genetic diversity by RAPD. The salinity tolerance comparison revealed considerable differences among groups: the strains of O. marina in group 4 could survive under salinity from 4 to 32, while the strains selected for salinity 60 died under the salinity lower than 16. Analysis of genetic diversity of the seven groups showed that the mean genetic diversity index value was 0.28, but it was only 0.16 in selected group of 4 and was 0.24 for group 60. The result of AMOVA suggested a significantly positive relationship between the salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of O. marina (P<0.01). This study indicates that consideration of intraspecific genetic divergence in O. marina might be indispensable when using it as a model in the study of salinity tolerance of wild plankton.     

Optimization of a precise integration method for seismic modeling based on graphic processing unit

General purpose graphic processing unit(GPU) calculation technology is gradually widely used in various fields.Its mode of single instruction,multiple threads is capable of seismic numerical simulation which has a huge quantity of data and calculation steps.In this study,we introduce a GPU-based parallel calculation method of a precise integration method(PIM) for seismic forward modeling.Compared with CPU single-core calculation,GPU parallel calculating perfectly keeps the features of PIM,which has small bandwidth,high accuracy and capability of modeling complex substructures,and GPU calculation brings high computational efficiency,which means that high-performing GPU parallel calculation can make seismic forward modeling closer to real seismic records.     

Seasonal controls on sediment delivery in a small coastal plain watershed, North Carolina, USA

Field measurements of drainage ditch sedimentation and suspended sediment transport were used to construct a simple sediment budget and relate seasonal variations in vegetation and the hydrological characteristics of storms to sediment dynamics in a small agricultural watershed in North Carolina. Results indicate that seasonal variations in crop coverage and vegetation in drainage ditches influence sediment delivery. Following the harvesting of crops and mowing of drainage ditches in late autumn, conditions are favorable to soil erosion and sediment transport through early spring. Storms need not be very intense or produce large rainfall totals to transport significant sediment loads. The maturation of field crops and ditch vegetation in spring produces conditions less conducive to both soil erosion and sediment transport. Intense summer thunderstorms, however, are capable of mobilizing and transporting significant amounts of sediment. The computed sediment yield of 0.1 Mg/ha/yr probably represents a low estimate that, nevertheless, is an order of magnitude less than measured ditch storage and more than two orders of magnitude less than regional estimates of soil loss on Coastal Plain croplands. The results show that headwater ditches may be decoupled from slopes so that much of the eroded soil is stored within small watersheds rather than being transported out of the basin.     

卫星照片的线性破裂解译

为了研究大地震发生的地质构造背景,卫照分析是很重要的。我们解译了鄂尔多斯周围和华北地区的卫星照片。共解译出巨、大、中、小各类线性破裂4737条,发现它们的最新活动表现在:1.继承性:即新的破裂沿袭中生代以前的老断裂活动;2.新生性:部分破裂在第三纪特别是第四纪形成。两种表现在卫片影象上都相当清楚。我们认为这些由卫照识别出最新活动断裂与地震活动有一定关系。     

多重城市网络空间结构及影响因素——基于有向多值关系视角

从有向多值关系视角,以中原城市群为案例区,对比分析静态网络、百度信息网络、综合交通网络的空间结构,选择经济、文化、行政、时间距离方面的7个因素构建关系回归模型,剖析3个网络的影响因素。结果表明：①3个网络之间的相关系数表现为：百度信息网络与综合交通网络>百度信息网络与静态网络>综合交通网络与静态网络且其值均高于0.582,表明整体的相似性大于差异性;②在空间结构上,3个网络均表现出以郑州为中心,以京广线和陇海线为发展轴,郑州、开封、新乡、洛阳、许昌构成了骨干网络,并形成辐射与集聚优势共存的中心片区;在中心片区之外,3个网络表现出明显的差异性特征。网络节点的辐射与集聚能力在百度信息与综合交通网络中均是正相关,而在静态网络中则是负相关;③关系回归模型的7个因素均对3个网络产生了不同程度的影响,其中企业合作、行业结构相似、经济制度邻近是影响3个网络相似性较强的因素,而收入差距、文化相似、行政隶属、平均时间距离是影响它们之间差异性的因素。本研究为关系转向下的城市体系研究提供了新的思路。     

全国地质勘查行业形势浅析

2013年,世界经济仍处于缓慢复苏阶段,我国地质勘查行业出现重要转折点。全国地质勘查资质数量持续增长,中央财政资金投入稳步增加,但全年地质勘查总投入同比减少9．3％,全国地勘单位总收入与总支出均有不同程度减少,钻探工作量同比减少22．3％,全国地勘单位总收入同比减少10．14％,部分地质勘查单位的收入同比下降20％～30％,全国地质勘查进入调整期。     

2015年6月1—2日长江流域灾害性天气灾情、汛情和雨情特征

2015年6月1—2日灾害性天气使长江流域沿江省份出现严重灾情,众多水库超限,甚至开闸泄洪,长江支流水位上升。6月1—2日长江流域出现了多个强降水雨团,雨团大多数自西向东移动,有少数雨团停滞在局地发展加强;影响湖北南部地区强降水的致灾雨团为一个,强降水集中,降水强度大,突发性明显。仅有一个中尺度对流系统(MCS)造成湖北南部地区强降水天气的发生,该对流系统生命史10.5 h,对流系统中对流发展极其强盛,回波顶高超过18 km,大于40 d Bz的强回波达到10 km高度,这在长江流域强降水事件中较少见到。