Using water isotopes and hydrogeochemical evidences to characterize groundwater age and recharge rate in the Zhangjiakou area,North China

Despite the increasing depletion of the groundwater at the Zhangjiakou aquifer system in the northwest of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, little information is available on the hydrological process of groundwater in this region. In this study, we utilized water isotopes composition(δ~(18) O, δD and ~3 H) of groundwater, river and precipitation to identify the characteristics of hydrochemistry, groundwater age and recharge rates in different watersheds of the Zhangjiakou area. Results showed that the river water and groundwater could be characterized as HCO_3-Mg·Na, HCO_3·Cl-Na and HCO_3-Mg·Na, HCO_3·Cl-Na, HCO_3·Cl-Na·Mg types, respectively. The δD and δ~(18) O values in precipitation were linearly correlated, which is similar to the Global Meteorological Water Line(GMWL). Furthermore, the decreasing values of the δD and δ~(18) O from precipitation to surface water and groundwater indicate that groundwater is mainly recharged by atmospheric precipitation. In addition, the variation of 3 H concentration with depth suggests that groundwater shallower than around 100 m is generally modern water. In contrast, groundwater deeper around 100 m is a mixture of modern and old waters, which has longer residence times. Groundwater showed a relatively low tritium concentration in the confined aquifers, indicating the groundwater recharged might be relatively old groundwater of over 60 years. The flow velocity of the groundwater in the study area varied from 1.10 to 2.26 m/a, and the recharge rates ranged from 0.034 to 0.203 m/a. The obtained findings provide important insights into understanding the groundwater recharge sources and hydrochemistry in the Zhangjiakou area, in turn developing a sustainable groundwater management plan.     

鄂尔多斯盆地NNW油区再开发潜力分析

鄂尔多斯盆地NNW油区主力油层为三叠系延长组长6和长4+5层段,为河流相和湖相三角洲透镜状和部分席状砂体叠加而成,属于超低渗透率的致密砂岩非常规油藏。NNW油区老井侧重于单个砂体的开发,油层打开程度不完善大大降低了采油速度。通过使用椭圆锥泄油模型模拟,发现油井泄油半径小于50 m,井间存在大量剩余储量。研究提出使用多油层组合、分段压裂取代单个砂体开发模式,将全井段油层及油水同层一次压裂完井。同时提出利用水平井开发方式对NNW油区进行再次开发,水平井及分段压裂具有成倍提高油区产量和经济效益的潜力。通过分析发现油区具有再次开发的良好资源条件。     

Histological change and heat shock protein 70 expression in different tissues of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in response to elevated temperature

High temperature influences the homeostasis of fish.We investigated the effects of elevated temperature on tissues of Japanese flounder {Paralichthys olivaceus) by analyzing the histology and heat shock protein 70(hsp70) expression of fish reared in warm conditions.In this study,temperature was increased at l±0.5℃/day starting at 24±0.5℃,and was kept at that temperature for 5 days before the next rise.After raising temperature at the rate up to 32±0.5℃,tissue samples from midgut,spleen,stomach,liver,muscle,gill,heart,trunk kidney and brain were collected for histological analysis and mRNA assay.Almost all the tissues showed changes in morphological structure and hsp70 level at 32±0.5℃.Histological assessment of the tissues indicated that the gill had the most serious damage,including highly severe epithelial lifting and edema,curved tips and hyperemia at the ending of the lamellars,desquamation and necrosis.The next most severe damage was found in liver and kidney.The hsp70 levels in all the tissues first increased and then decreased.The gut,stomach,muscle,heart,and brain had the highest expressions in 6 h,whereas the spleen,liver,gill and kidney had the highest expressions in 2 h.Therefore,tissues with the most significant lesions(especially gill and liver) responded much earlier(2 h) in hsp70 expression than other tissues,and these tissues demonstrated the most marked histological disruption and elevated mRNA levels,making them ideal candidates for further studies on the thermal physiology of this species.     

海塔盆地中部断陷带洼槽结构特征及与烃源岩的响应

海塔盆地主要发育南二段和南三段烃源岩,二者在沉积特征和结构特征上均存在较大差异.为了搞清这两套烃源岩的形成背景及控藏作用,从盆地构造演化角度出发分析不同时期洼槽的结构特征,进而分析洼槽与烃源岩的关系.研究表明,南二段和南三段烃源岩分别形成于被动裂陷盆地和主动裂陷盆地时期,这两个时期形成的洼槽其结构分别为“泛盆”结构和多...     

松辽盆地松科1井上白垩统四方台组沉积序列厘米级精细刻画：岩性·岩相·旋回

中国白垩纪大陆科学钻探松科1井北孔连续取四方台组岩心心长209．02m,岩心收获率为97．5％,是迄今获取的最连续完整的沉积记录。文章对此进行了厘米级（分层厚度2～5cm）沉积地质描述。四方台组沉积时期对应中一晚坎潘期。通过对松科1井四方台组岩心的精细描述,揭示其岩性-岩相-旋回的沉积序列及其过程。四方台组共识别出8种...     

空心化村庄成因及治理对策探析——以江苏省邳州市前湖村为例

以邳州市前湖村为例,在逐户调研的基础上,分析其空心化现状,并从法律制度、政府倾向、人口结构、自然历史条件和经济条件五方面探讨村庄空心化成因,进而提出前湖村的整治模式和治理对策,以期为空心化村庄规划整治提供借鉴。     

中尺度对流系统(MCSs)散度场的特殊结构

在城市预报和数值预报产品释用的基础上，建立了120余个预报模型，由计算机模拟专家预报思路自动做出多种环境气象指数预报，在实际业务中发挥了重要作用，效果显著。     

西藏措勤盆地油气成藏条件分析

根据野外地质调查资料,对措勤盆地的油气生成、储集、运移、圈闭等条件进行了分析;认为盆地中发育的主要烃源岩有 7套,岩石类型主要为灰岩,储集层主要为各种灰岩和砂岩;有利的生储盖组合型式主要为自生自储自盖式及互层式生储盖组合;野外调查发现的油气苗及微观包裹体的研究均证实了盆地内油气运移过程的发生;推测盆地内主要的圈闭及油气藏类型为背斜及断层遮挡油气藏,K₂-R构造层主要发育完整的背斜油气藏,J-K ₁构造层主要发育被断层复杂化的背斜油气藏;建议将主要目的层放在较新的构造层中。     

饶阳凹陷横向潜山变换带构造特征及其油气聚集规律

利用钻井、地震及地质资料对饶阳凹陷潜山变换带特征及其成因进行了研究.结果表明,饶阳潜山变换带以中生代差异构造剥蚀为基础、新生代差异构造变形为动力而形成的;在构造单元间差异沉降响应下,形成一系列以基岩拆离滑脱面为载体、由东向西依次陷落的潜山.利用测井、试油、样品分析化验等资料证实,潜山变换带具有“时间上油气多期充注、平面上异源油气汇聚、剖面上油气差异聚集”的特点,形成以潜山油气藏为主、第三系油气藏为辅的复式油气聚集带.潜山变换带强烈构造变形为圈闭形成及储层发育提供良好条件,在“油气差异聚集”指导下,分析潜山内幕油气藏的空间分布,寻找潜山有利勘探目标,拓展冀中坳陷潜山勘探新领域.