华南陆块铜的地球化学块体与成矿省的关系

在区域化探全国扫面计划1∶20万水系沉积物样品Cu含量的基础上,描述了华南陆块铜地球化学块体的空间分布特征,并分析了它们与地质体、已知的铜成矿省(矿集区)在空间上的对应关系。发现华南陆块的铜地球化学块体主要分布于扬子地块西南缘,长江中下游、西秦岭、三江地区和湘粤桂交界区。其中扬子地块西南缘铜地球化学块体主要与峨眉山玄武岩的铜高背景值有关,其他异常与海西期镁铁质超镁铁质岩有关的铜矿和层控型铜矿有关;长江中下游地球化学块体与长江中下游成矿带吻合;西秦岭铜地球化学块体与岩体、铜矿和以铜为伴生元素的矿床有关;三江、湘粤桂交界区的铜地球化学块体也有与之对应的铜矿床或铜为伴生元素的矿床。通过这些地球化学块体与已知的地质体、成矿省(矿集区)的对比得出如下结论,铜地球化学块体的形成可能与岩石的高背景值、铜成矿省(矿集区)或铜为伴生元素的矿床有关。巨量的成矿物质的供应只是形成大型、超大型矿床的必要条件,如长江中下游铜地球化学块体为铜成矿省提供物质来源;但每个地球化学块体并不一定都有与之对应的矿集区,如峨眉山玄武岩铜地球化学块体与玄武岩高背景值有关,并没有形成大型的铜矿床。     

地震电磁观测研究简述

本文简要介绍了地震电磁观测研究的现状,分析了当前存在的一些主要问题,并对今后的发展趋势提出了自己的看法。     

北太平洋西边界流的低频变化特征

基于日本气象厅长时间序列的温、盐度再分析资料,利用动力计算方法分析了北太平洋西边界的北赤道流及其下游黑潮和棉兰老流流量的年际和年代际变化,并探讨了北赤道流变化的可能原因。结果表明,北赤道流和黑潮具有比较一致的年际和年代际变化,均在1976年前后发生了一次气候跃变,之后有长期偏强的趋势,而棉兰老流的年际和年代际变化则有所不同。特别是,北赤道流1976年之后增加的流量似乎大多进入黑潮,而流入棉兰老流的流量则减少。进一步的分析还表明,西传的Rossby波和棉兰老冷涡的变动可能对北赤道流的年际变化有重要影响。     

珠江白鹅潭卡口河段地形演变及其影响

白鹅潭位于广州市区西部,是珠江广州段水最深、河面最阔之处,前、后航道及流溪河交汇的节点,其特殊的地理区位和自然条件对广州市城市发展起着至关重要的作用。文章首先探讨珠江白鹅潭段河段卡口的地质地貌特征,利用近代地图及遥感图等数据,分析白鹅潭的河道演变及冲淤变化。结果表明,白鹅潭卡口河段的控制性作用对珠江水位的稳定具有重要的影响,白鹅潭段河床演变总体特征为河道缩窄较为明显,而淤浅相对较缓,卡口河段束窄,势必影响上游洪水下泄和缩减下游纳潮量。因此为保护珠江和广州城市的安全,应遵从河道演变规律,保证珠江卡口段两岸有较开阔的空间,不应再束窄江面。     

Reduction of the thermocline feedback associated with mean SST bias in ENSO simulation

Associated with the double Inter-tropical convergence zone problem, a dipole SST bias pattern (cold in the equatorial central Pacific and warm in the southeast tropical Pacific) remains a common problem inherent in many contemporary coupled models. Based on a newly-developed coupled model, we performed a control run and two sensitivity runs, one is a coupled run with annual mean SST correction and the other is an ocean forced run. By comparison of these three runs, we demonstrated that a serious consequence of this SST bias is to severely suppress the thermocline feedback in a realistic simulation of the El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation. Firstly, the excessive cold tongue extension pushes the anomalous convection far westward from the equatorial central Pacific, prominently diminishing the convection-low level wind feedback and thus the air-sea coupling strength. Secondly, the equatorial surface wind anomaly exhibits a relatively uniform meridional structure with weak gradient, contributing to a weakened wind-thermocline feedback. Thirdly, the equatorial cold SST bias induces a weakened upper-ocean stratification and thus yields the underestimation of the thermocline-subsurface temperature feedback. Finally, the dipole SST bias underestimates the mean upwelling through (a) undermining equatorial mean easterly wind stress, and (b) enhancing convective mixing and thus reducing the upper ocean stratification, which weakens vertical shear of meridional currents and near-surface Ekman-divergence.     

Application Progress and Prospect of Argus System in Beach Research in China

Reliable, continuous and long-term data is needed in order to understand precisely the evolution of a beach system. Because of the advantages of real-time, low cost, simple operation, strong adaptability, high resolution and continuous data, Argus video monitoring system has developed rapidly in recent years, and its research and application fields have gradually expanded. Composition of the Argus system was briefly introduced, and the application of this system in beach research in China was described, and the accuracy of the extracted data was analysed. It was shown that the average vertical and plane distance error is 0.145 m and 11.73 m respectively, which depends on the distance from Argus observatory. Argus system has been widely used in beach research abroad, but it is still in the early stage in China. In the future, it is expected to provide more powerful and perfect technical support in coastal engineering construction evaluation, coastal hydrodynamic monitoring and bathymetry inversion, beach tourism management and research on morphodynamic evolution of estuary sand spits.     

岩土监测技术在深基坑开挖工程中的应用

深基坑工程是一个复杂的动态过程,涉及强度与变形、土与支护结构的共同作用、时空效应、施工工艺等问题,合理利用基坑监测技术既能保障基坑的安全,又能有效地指导工程施工,同时可节省成本。通过工程实例阐述岩土监测技术在深基坑开挖过程中的成功应用,供类似工程借鉴。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区延长组致密砂岩储层敏感性评价

以鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区延长组致密砂岩储层为研究对象,在岩石学、孔隙结构、储层物性特征研究的基础上,开展储层敏感性流动实验,以此评价该地区致密储层的敏感性及敏感机制。研究结果表明：陕北地区延长组致密砂岩储层敏感性主要表现为中等偏强速敏、中等偏弱水敏、无酸敏到弱酸敏、弱碱敏、强压敏;临界流速、临界矿化度、临界pH值3个特征临界值分别为1.0 mL/min、8 500 mg/L、8.5。敏感程度主要受矿物成分和孔隙结构的影响。研究区储层速敏的形成源于其孔隙填隙物——高岭石的存在;绿／蒙混层及伊/蒙混层矿物是引起水敏及盐敏的主要因素;铁白云石及含铁绿泥石等酸敏矿物的存在使部分岩样显弱酸敏;极其复杂的孔喉结构、极易受压变形的片状喉道以及岩样中云母、黏土等塑性矿物导致储层具强压敏性。     

Comparative Study and Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Regolith and Rock Geochemical Data from Xingmeng - North China

<正>1 Introduction Geochemical mapping at national and continental scales continues to present challenges worldwide due to variations in geologic and geotectonic units.Use of the proper sampling media can provide rich information on