在某污染的工业废物填埋场环境水文 地质评价中的同位素水文学研究

本文论述了某污染的工业废物填埋场场址的地质、水文地质条件,应用水化学方法、环境同位素技术(地下水中氚及氢、氧稳定同位素)和同位素单孔示踪技术等同位素水文学领域中的新方法对区内地下水的活动条件以及填埋场场址区分布的第四系孔隙潜水和第三纪红层孔隙-裂隙水的成因进行了分析,测量并确定了填埋场下部地下水的流速及流向。研究结果表明场区地下水的运动与地表水无直接水力联系。污染的工业废物填埋后不会通过地下水的迁移造成对地表水的污染,进而证实填埋场的地质、水文地质条件对处置污染的工业废物是安全可靠的。     

Discriminating characters of ore-forming intrusions in the super-large Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit,NE China

The Chalukou porphyry Mo deposit, located in the Great Hinggan Range, is the largest Mo deposit in northeast China, although the age and genesis of the associated magmatic intrusions remain debated.Here we report zircon U-Pb ages and trace elements, whole rock geochemistry and Sre Nd isotope data with a view to understand the relationship between the magmatism and molybdenum mineralization.Zircon U-Pb analysis yield an age of 475 Ma for rhyolite in the older strata, 168 Ma for the premineralization monzogranite, and 154 Ma for the syn-mineralization granite porphyry. The granite porphyry and quartz porphyry are considered as the ore-forming intrusions. These rocks are peraluminous, alkali-calcic, and belong to high-K to shoshonitic series with a strong depletion of Eu. They also display characteristics of I-type granites. The rocks exhibit wide variations of(87 Sr/86 Sr)iin the range of 0.705426 -0.707363, and ε_(Nd)(t) of -3.7 to 0.93. Zircon REE distribution patterns show characteristics between crust and the mantle, implying magma genesis through crust-mantle interaction. The Fe_2O_3/FeO values(average 1) for the whole rock and EuN/Eu*Nvalues(average 0.45), Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+) values(average 301)for zircon grains from the granite porphyry are higher than those from other lithologies. These features suggest that the ore-forming intrusions(syn-mineralization porphyry) had higher oxygen fugacity conditions than those of the pre-mineralization and post-mineralization rocks. The Chalukou Mo deposit formed in relation to the southward subduction of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. Our study suggests that the subduction-related setting, crust-mantle interaction, and the large-scale magmatic intrusion were favorable factors to generate the super-large Mo deposits in this area.     

徐淮地区镁铁质岩石捕虏体单斜辉石中石榴石和石英的出溶

徐淮地区早侏罗世侵入杂岩中榴辉岩,石榴辉石岩和单斜辉石岩捕虏体单斜辉石中可以观察丰富的出溶石英针和石榴石,黝帘石及角闪石的出溶叶片,榴辉岩中出溶石英针的绿辉石核部比其边部相对富含FeO和MgO,贫SiO2,Al2O3和CaO。在石榴辉石岩和单斜辉石岩捕虏体中具有出溶石榴石的单斜辉石。从靠近出溶石榴石的一侧向其核部,Al2O3,Na2O和TiO2含量降低,MgO,SiO2和CaO含量增加,单斜辉石中定向石英针的出溶表明曾经存在有超高压条件下（≥25×10^8Pa)稳定的过硅质绿辉石。单斜辉石中出溶石榴石表明温压条件的降低可能是引起出溶的一个主要原因,捕虏体中的矿物组合和岩相学特征表明它们曾经遭受了榴辉岩相和角闪岩相退化变质作用,这与因压力和温度降低引起矿物出溶的结果相吻合。     

乳化植物油强化土著微生物修复中高浓度Cr(Ⅵ)污染地下水

以天然细砂为微生物来源,模拟研究了乳化植物油强化原位生物修复中高浓度Cr（Ⅵ）污染地下水的可行性,考察了修复效果及修复过程中地下水质变化及产物的稳定性。结果表明,反应77 d后,Cr（Ⅵ）质量浓度分别从20.0、30.0、50.0、80.0、110.0 mg/L降低到0.0、5.8、19.0、43.6、65.8 mg/L,去除率分别为100.0%、80.7%、61.9%、45.5%、40.2%。反应后介质中Cr形态分析表明,其主要以能在自然条件下稳定存在的铁锰结合态和有机结合态形式存在。此外,随反应进行,实验体系逐渐呈弱酸性环境,pH为5.80~6.70。当Cr被完全还原后,体系会发生异化铁还原,Fe（Ⅱ）质量浓度逐渐升高,最高可达117.0 mg/L,最终形成二价铁矿物。综上所述,天然细砂介质中的土著微生物能够利用乳化植物油强化并还原地下水中的中、高浓度Cr（Ⅵ）,且产物能够在自然状态下稳定存在,修复过程对地下环境的影响较小。     

华夏古陆活动大陆边缘的探讨

本文阐述了华南中元古代晚期活动陆缘特征。根据带内前寒武纪地层分布、古地磁、侵入作用、构造变形、深部构造、中元古代晚期沉积作用及火山岩岩石化学特征,证明活动陆缘是南华洋壳向南部古大陆俯冲的产物。武陵运动是华南最重要的运动,华夏古陆与扬子地块碰撞,形成统一的“华南古大陆”。     

Impact of Montmorillonite and Calcite on Release and Adsorption of Cyanobacterial Fatty Acids at Ambient Temperature

Minerals might act as important sorbents of sedimentary organic matter and reduce biodegradation, which favors the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks in the earth's history. Since most organic matter is degraded during the sinking process, at ambient temperature, it is important to investigate the adsorption capacity of different minerals during this process, to assess the organic loss from primary productivity to sedimentary organic matter. In this study, montmorillonite and calcite have been selected to study the impact of different minerals on the release, adsorption, and deposition of cyanobacterial (Synechococcus elonpata) fatty acids (FAs) at ambient temperature. Gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) have been utilized to detect the variation in fatty acids. Primary results suggest that minerals have a different impact on dissolved organic matter. Montmorillonite can specifically enhance the release of fatty acids from cyanobacterial cells by lowering the pH values of the solution. The adsorption of the dissolved organic matter by montmorillonite will also be enhanced under a lower pH value. Conjunction of fatty acids with montmorillonite to form a complex will favor the sinking and preservation of these organics. Selective adsorption is observed among fatty acids with different carbon numbers. In contrast, calcite does not show any impact on the release and adsorption of organic matter even though it is reportedly capable of acting as a catalyst during the transformation of organic matter at high temperature. The primary data bridge a link between primary productivity and sedimentary organic matter, suggesting the relative importance of claystones in the formation of hydrocarbon source rocks in the earth's history.     

华北地块南缘中段中生代花岗质岩石的40Ar-39Ar年代学研究

对华北地块南缘4个中生代花岗质岩体中的角闪石和黑云母进行了40Ar-39Ar定年研究。结果表明,陕西黑山村岩体黑云母花岗闪长岩中黑云母的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为126. 6±0. 3Ma,河南马家湾岩体细粒黑云母花岗闪长岩中黑云母的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为126. 6±0. 2Ma,河南洛宁南八百坡岩体黑云母二长花岗岩中角闪石的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为128. 3±0. 3Ma,山西蚕坊岩体花岗闪长岩中角闪石的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为129. 2±0. 2Ma。上述结果显示华北地块南缘中生代的岩浆活动主要发生在早白垩世。该期岩浆的产生应与中国东部早白垩世的伸展环境相联系。     

Shear Alteration, Mass Transfer and Gold Mineralization: An Example from Jiaodong Ore Deposit Concentrating Area, Shandong, China

Since Ramsay and Graham (1970 ) system atically deliv-ered study results of ductile shear zone,the study on shearzone has been put forward rapidly and has obtained greatachievements.After the“gold- bearing shear zone” type ofmetallogenic model proposed by Bonnemaison(1986 ) ,lots ofstudies showed that large gold- bearing shear zone system,which underwent multi- stage and multi- level tectonic- m inerl-ization evolution,is a complex deformational metam orphic ge-ological body with different d…     

银根-额济纳旗及邻区石炭-二叠系的沉积特征及石油地质意义

长期以来,由于埋藏深、地质复杂及自然条件恶劣等原因,银根-额济纳旗及邻区石炭系-二叠系的油气勘查程度低,相关研究成果少.鉴于此,本文充分利用研究区的周缘露头,借助近30条剖面的详细调查,分析了本区石炭系-二叠系的沉积特征.研究表明,本区石炭系-二叠系包括了泥岩、砂岩、砂砾岩、碳酸盐岩和火山岩(或火山碎屑岩)等,海相生物丰富.暗色泥岩是石炭系-二叠系的主体,是潜在的烃源岩和盖层;火山岩(或火山碎屑岩)发育,碳酸盐岩多呈透镜状且硅化普遍,砂砾岩相对较少,三者构成石炭系-二叠系重要储层.岩石组成及展布特征表明,石炭纪-二叠纪期间,本区张裂频繁,火山作用强烈,远离陆源区,水体深而宁静,利于生烃物质发育.期间,区内主要发育了浅海相、广海海岸相、碳酸盐台地相、辫状三角洲相、扇三角洲相和火山喷发相等沉积类型.其中,浅海相和局限海岸相主要形成了烃源岩和盖层,其他沉积则形成了储层,为区内石炭系-二叠系造就了良好的油气地质条件.     

非地转湿Q矢量在台风暴雨预报中的应用试验

利用NCEP/NCAR全球格点资料和TRMM卫星资料,采用改进后的非地转湿Q矢量,对0908号台风“莫拉克”引起的台湾南部特大暴雨过程进行预报应用试验.试验结果表明:(1) 850hPa高度层的非地转湿Q矢量散度及水汽通量散度分布可以预报未来24 h暴雨的落区及其雨带的分布,暴雨发生在Q矢量散度梯度大值区靠近辐合区域,...