盘锦海岸带开发与生态耦合性分析

针对海岸带开发强度与生态环境交互影响研究的不足,该文以盘锦海岸带为研究对象,借鉴物理学耦合度理论,建立开发强度与生态环境动态耦合综合评价指标体系,并定量分析2003-2013年二者间耦合过程与演进趋势。结果表明,盘锦海岸带开发强度与生态环境耦合协调度随时间呈上升趋势,协调类型由不协调发展过渡为协调发展,由开发强度受阻转变成生态环境滞后,符合盘锦实际情况。该研究方法结合地理国情监测数据,分析海岸带开发与生态环境动态耦合关系,对深入开展海岸带地理国情监测有重要参考价值。     

江南地区冬季气温异常及其海温关键区

利用江南地区14个有代表性的气象观测站1951年1月～1999年12月的气温资料和1950年1月～1998年12月全球逐月海温格点资料,分析了江南地区49年来冬季气温异常特征,并寻求与气温异常关系密切的海温关键区.结果表明：49年来江南冬季气温呈上升趋势,气温增长率为0.29℃/10年,特别是20世纪80年代中期以后暖冬现象十分显著,大约存在着6.3年和3.3年的周期振荡,且与加利福尼亚西岸海区前年6～8月的海温异常变化有着较好的相关性.     

广东河台金矿假玄武玻璃地球化学和年代学特征及其地质意义

前人对河台金矿中的假玄武玻璃早有报道,但是因为未认识到其与成矿的关系而被忽视。在前人发现的糜棱岩中假玄武玻璃的基础上,本次研究又发现了三种其他岩性中的假玄武玻璃。河台金矿中的假玄武玻璃呈黑色脉状、网脉状和树枝状贯穿于糜棱岩化片岩、糜棱岩、混合岩和矿体中。本研究结合野外宏观特征和室内的岩相学微观特征,运用粉晶X射线衍射、全岩地球化学和Ar-Ar同位素等实验分析手段,比较了河台金矿不同地质体中假玄武玻璃岩脉的特征。研究发现假玄武玻璃脉体中存在树枝状微晶结构和碎屑颗粒的港湾结构,同时也含有碎裂成因的石英、长石,表明其成因以同震断层的摩擦熔融为主,并伴随有少量碎裂化。通过计算得出假玄武玻璃样品中结晶态的各类矿物含量为石英53.3%、伊利石20.5%、高岭石17.3%、钾长石8.9%。假玄武玻璃与围岩都具有富SiO_2和Al_2O_3,富K_2O贫Na_2O,低MgO和Fe_2O_3~T的地球化学特征。两者的稀土元素配分型式也非常相似,都显示轻稀土富集和中等程度的负Eu异常(δEu=0.51～0.71)。假玄武玻璃的显微构造和地球化学特征指示其主要是由围岩原地熔融形成的,形成深度在6～18 km。我们认为河台金矿的假玄武玻璃可以指示云开大山抬升过程中伴随着地震的发生,同时,假玄武玻璃脉体在空间上切穿矿体,因此假玄武玻璃的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄123.3±1.0 Ma可以作为河台金矿的成矿年龄上限。     

����Kullback-Leiber����ֲ�̽���Bayes����

????????????????Kullback-Leiber???????????????Bayes?????????????????????Σ?????????????￡??????????????????????????????????????????????????3??????????Kullback-Leiber????????????????????????б???????÷???????????????????????????Ч????     

中国城市PM2.5污染对居民主观幸福感的影响及支付意愿研究

利用2015年中国40个城市大规模问卷调查数据,采用贝叶斯多层级有序分类响应模型探讨了PM_2.5污染对居民主观幸福感的影响,进而核算居民为减轻PM_2.5污染的支付意愿。研究发现：PM_2.5污染对主观幸福感具有显著的负向影响,PM_2.5污染每增加1个单位,主观幸福感将下降0.040个百分点;家庭月收入对主观幸福感具有显著的正向影响,家庭月收入每增加1个单位,主观幸福感将提升0.026个百分点。支付意愿不仅受到家庭收入水平的影响,还受到居民所处城市空气质量的影响;在承受PM_2.5污染的最初阶段,居民为改善空气质量的支付意愿最高。居民为改善空气质量愿意支付的金额平均为226元,占家庭月总收入的2.274%。     

Estimation and analysis of the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration in forest ecosystems along the North-South Transect of East China

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration (T/ET) is a key parameter for quantifying water use efficiency of ecosystems and understanding the interaction...     

Investigation of GLONASS performance in differential positioning

With GLONASS completed its full constellation and the rapid increasing number of GNSS receivers, it is worthwhile to investigate the availability of GLONASS-only in positioning. In this paper, two networks of different baseline length, located in two different regions are analyzed. For both networks, GLONASS and GPS observations are processed respectively for 175?days since GLONASS recovered FOC. The RMS and STD of the coordinates minus those from the International GNSS Service weekly solutions are analyzed. The statistics over a long period empirically demonstrate that the averaged coordinate repeatabilities of GLONASS are slightly worse than that of GPS results. The estimated ZTDs of GLONASS is about 1?C2?mm worse than GPS results. For both networks, the GLONASS coordinates show some systematic effect as a function of antenna + radome type, caused by the using of GPS derived PCC models. The systematic effect varied form several mm to 1?cm for different stations with different antenna + radome types, which indicates that GLONASS-specific PCC models are mandatory in GLONASS high precision positioning.     

Paleozoic Tectono-Metallogeny in the Tianshan-Altay Region, Central Asia

The research on Paleozoic tectonics and endogenic metallogeny in the Tianshan-Altay region of Central Asia is an important and significant project. The Altay region, as a collision zone of the Early Paleozoic(500–397 Ma), and the Tianshan region, as a collision zone of the early period in the Late Paleozoic(Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous, 385–323 Ma), are all the result of nearly N-S trending shortening and collision(according to recent magnetic orientation). In the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous period(385–323 Ma), regional NW trending faults displayed features of dextral strike-slip motion in the Altay and Junggar regions. In the Tianshan region, nearly EW-trending regional faults are motions of the thrusts. However, in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian period(323–260 Ma), influenced by the long-distance effect induced from the Ural collision zone, those areas suffered weaker eastward compression, the existing NW trending faults converted into sinistral strike-slip in the Altay and Junggar regions, and the existing nearly E-W trending faults transferred into dextral strike-slip faults in the Tianshan region. The Rocks of those regions in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian period(323–260 Ma) were moderately ruptured to a certain tension-shear, and thus formed a number of world famous giant endogenic metal ore deposits in the Tianshan-Altay region. As to the Central Asian continent, the most powerful collision period may not coincide with the most favorable endogenic metallogenic period. It should be treated to "the orogenic metallogeny hypothesis" with caution in that region.     

楞古-孜河弧形背斜特征及形成过程

祝桑弧位于松潘-甘孜造山带南部,楞古-孜河弧形背斜位于弧顶部位。楞古-孜河背斜主褶皱、内部小褶皱及叠加褶皱的特征表明其形成经历了印支晚期自北向南的滑脱作用,燕山早期南北向挤压作用及燕山中晚期南西-北东向挤压作用等三次构造变动。其成因可能与扬子板块与劳亚板块的俯冲、碰撞有关。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘寒武纪同沉积伸展断裂系统及其成因机制分析

由于复杂的构造叠加及严重的覆盖,人们对鄂尔多斯盆地早古生代深部结构的研究仍很薄弱。本文主要通过地震数据处理和解释,结合野外地质调查,发现在寒武纪时期,盆地的南缘发育了一套北东向和近东西向的正断裂系统。作者对这套断裂系统的平面及剖面特征进行了详细的描述和分析,并结合区域地质背景探讨了其成因机制,结果表明该套断裂系统主要是由于先存的元古宙北东向基底断层在寒武纪时期发生了继承性活动而形成,同时在断裂系统的局部区段派生出了东西向展布的小规模新生断层。这套断裂系统的发现可能对鄂尔多斯盆地南缘在寒武纪的演化认识及油气勘探具有一定的启示意义。