Future droughts in China using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) under multi-spatial scales

Natural Hazards - The future changes in water resources are essential for water resources management and agricultural production in the context of climate change. In this paper, by adopting five...     

卫星多故障探测和识别的独立分量分析法

鉴于独立分量对异常值具有较强的敏感性,提出了基于独立分量分析(ICA)的伪距多变量时间序列异常值探测算法,并且利用契比雪夫不等式给出了异常值探测的阈值,引入时间序列干预模型估计了潜在故障扰动的大小,根据3σ准则确定出故障星的位置。根据RAIM的实时性要求,采用滑动窗口的思想对上述批处理探测算法进行改造,本文提出了一种卫星多故障在线探测和识别的新算法,并给出了新RAIM算法的实施流程。利用5个iGMAS北斗监测站的民用观测数据对新算法进行验证,试验分析结果表明,新算法对于卫星多故障的实时处理具有较好的效果,且其故障正确探测率优于以往的RANCO方法。     

INFLUENCES OF DIURNAL CHANGE OF SOLAR RADIATION ON SIMULATED PROPERTIES OF SUMMER MONSOON*

Comparative experiments with and without the diurnal change of solar radiation are made in this paper by use of an air-sea coupled 7-layer primitive equation modeling system in a zonal domain between 60°S and 60°N.The results show that the quasi-stationary patterns of the mean monsoon circulations are not evidently affected by the diurnal change of solar radiation.The main influences may come from the land-sea distribution and the orography.However,the inclusion of the diurnal change of solar radiation into the model system may improve the intensities of the simulated monsoon circulations both at the high and the low levels.It can influence the distributive pattern of precipitation to a larger extent.Without the diurnal change,precipitation in the interior of land would decrease and in the coastal regions it would increase.The changes of the soil temperature and the soil moisture are fairly correspondent to that of precipitation.The areas with increasing precipitation and the areas with decreasing precipitation are distributed in the wave form.As to the influences on the monsoon development,the results indicate that the diurnal change of solar radiation can speed up the development of the monsoon in the early stage.Therefore,the inclusion of the diurnal change of solar radiation can make the model equilibrium state to reach earlier.     

Effects of Land-Sea Distribution, Topography and Diurnal Change on Summer Monsoon Modeling

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渤海湾北部海域沉积物重金属Cu、Zn释放及动力学研究

以渤海湾北部海域沉积物为研究对象,分别经重金属Cu、Zn污染后,研究了在不同pH和不同粒度条件下Cu、Zn的释放能力,同时研究了在特定酸性条件下Cu、Zn的释放动力学。研究结果表明,重金属Cu、Zn从污染沉积物中的释放,主要是在酸性条件下发生,并且释放量随pH的升高而迅速降低。粒度越大,释放量越大。释放能力Zn>Cu。重金属Cu、Zn的释放动力学过程可分为两个阶段:快速释放阶段和释放平衡阶段。Cu、Zn释放动力学过程可以用Elovich方程和Freundlich修正式较好的描述。     

Numerical modellings of properties of the summer quasi-stationary circulation systems and their monthly variations

An ocean-atmosphere and land-air coupled numerical model system is used to study the basic properties and the monthly time variations of the summer quasi-stationary circulation systems. It is found that either at the upper or at the lower levels of the atmosphere, the circulation patterns have a two-wave structure in the zonal direction at the mid and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Such a structure of circulation is totally matchable to that of the land-sea distribution there. It is proved, hence, that the land-sea distributive pattern is the fundamental cause for the summer quasi-stationary circulation pattern. The topography in the globe is the secondary factor for circulation systems. The circulation centres of the quasi-stationary systems are always located in certain areas due to the thermodynamic contrast between land and sea.From the time evolutions of the circulation systems it is seen that the change is larger at the beginning period of the time integration, it is because of using t     

冬夏季海面风场和海洋表层流的数值计算

设计了一个海面风场的诊断模式和海洋表层流的数值计算模式。只要输入海面气压场并利用迭代方法，即可求得海洋表面的风场和海洋场。利用１月和７月多年平均的海平面气压场，对这两个模式的性能进行了检验。结果表明，无论冬夏，用海平面气压场诊断出的海面风场与观测到的海面风场很接近，而与地转风场有很明显的区别。用海面风场和海面气压场启动的海洋表面流，与实况也较一致。本文的试验结果还表明，计算海流时，不应忽略海平面气     

急性阑尾炎的MSCT征象与病理分型的相关性分析

目的:探讨MSCT征象与各病理类型急性阑尾炎的相关性大小.资料与方法:回顾性分析本院2018年10月至2019年9月经手术病理证实的急性阑尾炎患者78例,对所有患者进行常规MSCT扫描,对部分阑尾显示欠清的患者加做曲面重组(curve multiplanar reformation,CPR),分析不同类型阑尾炎的MSC...     

非组合PPP算法估计天顶对流层延迟及精度分析

为提高天顶对流层延迟的估计精度和可靠性,利用非组合精密单点定位(UPPP)模型估计了WUHN和BJFS站的天顶对流层延迟,将结果与传统的精密单点定位(PPP)模型的计算结果进行对比,结果表明:UPPP计算的天顶对流层延迟的内符合精度为2.75 mm,偏差为0.19 mm,该结果与IGS产品一致,外符合精度分别为8.58 mm,6.51 mm;以IGS的高精度对流层产品为真值,传统PPP模型和非组合PPP模型估计ZTD的精度(STD)分别为7.7 mm和5.9 mm;UPPP方法不仅在精度上和传统PPP方法保持相当甚至更高的精度,而且它还提供电离层产品以减弱噪声影响,提高数据利用率。