Size-fractionated uranium isotopes in surface waters in the Jiulong Estuary in China

Surface water was collected from the Jiulong Estuary for determination of activity concentrations of uranium isotopes in different size fractions, namely, greater than 53, 10 -53, 2 - 10, 0.4 -2 μm, 10 000 u -0.4 μm and less than 10 000 u fractions by microfihration and cross-flow uhrafiltration technologies. Results indicated that most of the dissolved uranium （ 〈 0.4 μm） exis- ted in the low molecular mass fraction （ 〈 10 000 u）, and the colloidal uranium-238 （10 000 u -0.4 μm） only contributed less than 1% of the dissolved uranium-238. The fractions of colloidal uranium in the dissolved phases decreased with the increasing sa- linity. A positive linear relationship between uranium-238 activities and salinities was observed for the dissolved, colloidal and low molecular mass fractions, indicating a conservative behavior of uranium in the Jiulong Estuary. In the particulate phases （ 〉 0.4 μm）, the partitioning of uranium isotopes among different size fractions was controlled by the partitioning of particle concentrations. In the regions with salinities below 20, the partitioning of uranium-238 among different size fractions was as follows： 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm 〉 0.4 - 2 μm greater than above 53 μm. However, the order at the offshore station with salinities above 30 changed as follows ： 0.4 - 2 μm 〉 10 - 53 μm 〉 2 - 10 μm greater than above 53 μm. The fraction of the 0.4 - 2 μm particles increased at the offshore station, suggesting the increased contribution of the authigenic uranium. The activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phases, including the low molecular mass fraction and the colloidal fraction, was larger than unity, showing the occurrence of excess uranium-234. In contrast, the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in all size fractions of the particulate phase was close to the equilibrium value （1.0）. The observed different values of the activity ratio of uranium-234 to uranium-238 in the dissolved phase and the partic     

珠江口盆地白云凹陷陆坡区10.5 Ma以来的沉积体系

通过对珠江口盆地白云凹陷陆坡区10.5Ma以来的地震相分析,共识别出席状平行亚平行地震相、透镜状前积地震相、深切河谷地震相、帚状地震相和杂乱地震相,不同的地震相分别代表不同的沉积体系类型。综合所识别的地震相类型,分析了陆架边缘下切谷、浊积扇和陆架边缘三角洲3种主要的沉积体系及其配置关系。物源供给是影响陆坡区沉积体系发育的最重要因素,是沉积体系发育的物质基础,海平面变化和构造运动为沉积体系发育提供了可容纳空间,3种影响因素共同影响了陆坡区沉积体系的发育。     

SPOT影像光束法平差复共线性消除

CCD卫星影像空间后方交会时,存在系数矩阵列向量间的强相关的问题,用光束法平差同样存在这个问题,将光束法平差与线角元素分求法、广义岭估计、附有限制条件的平差结合,证实三种方法都可以克服平差时外元素和变率改正数震荡大的缺点,并且取得了合理的空间后方交会精度和地面点定位精度。     

渤海鱼类复殖吸虫群落结构

根据 1983-1986 年渤海鱼类复殖吸虫调查的结果,对其群落结构进行研究.共发现复殖吸虫 14 科 48 属 84 种.多元分析结果表明:渤海复殖吸虫可以分为内海和外海两个群落:内海的黄姑鱼多睾吸虫(Pleorchis nibeae)-天津褶膜吸虫(Ectenurus tiagjinensis)-多变颈源吸虫(Derogenes varicus)群落(简称PED);外海的球形孔肠吸虫(Opecoelus sphaericus)-褐菖鲉孔肠吸虫(Opecoelus sebastisci)-马面魨拟孟氏吸虫(Paramanteriella cantherini)群落(简称OOP).PED 的种类组成、数量和多样性均高于 OOP,但优势种类和优势度却相对较低.群落结构差异与渤海地理环境、宿主组成、水环境等多因子相关.     

南海及其周缘地区全新世海平面遗迹的构造含义

通过对海南岛海岸带野外考察,在文昌市铜鼓岭石头公园观察到高程为30m的海平面遗迹,在东方市黄流镇观察到高程为25~35m的海平面遗迹,在三亚市鹿回头观察到高程为2.5m的海平面遗迹。综合研究前人在该区关于海平面变化的研究成果,得出如下几点初步认识:(1)南海及其周缘地区中全新世以来海平面呈下降趋势,海平面最高位置出现在7000a左右、高于现代海平面3m左右的位置;(2)南海中全新世以来海平面遗迹所揭示的古海平面高程的差异性是古海平面本身持续下降和该区地壳差异性垂直运动共同作用的结果;(3)南海及其周缘地区中全新世期间中央海盆及其西缘的珠江口、红河、湄公河和昭披耶河4个河流三角洲地区为构造沉降区,而南海周缘的台湾岛、雷州半岛、印支半岛、南马来半岛、爪哇岛和苏拉威西岛6个地区为构造抬升区,抬升幅度最大的地方在台湾岛。     

晚中新世南海珍贝-黄岩海山岩浆活动及其演化:岩石地球化学和年代学证据

南海海盆15°N附近呈东西向展布的珍贝-黄岩海山被认为是32~17Ma前南海海盆的残留扩张中心.对采自黄岩海山的两个火山岩样品(9DG,9DG-2)进行了岩石学、地球化学和年代学研究.两个样品的SiO₂含量分别为60.3%和63.6%,Al₂O₃含量分别为17.56%和17.55%,TiO₂含量分别为0.48%和0.31%,碱度率分别为3.88和3.62.根据岩石学和岩石化学分类,样品属碱性系列的粗面岩.对稀土元素和微量元素分析表明岩石具有洋岛玄武岩(OIB)型配分型式,轻重稀土总量比(∑c(LREE)/∑c(HREE))和球粒陨石标准化镧镱比((La/Yb)N)分别高达17.22和27.23,并具有铕负异常和锶、磷、钛亏损的特点.样品9DG的锶-钕-铅同位素分析结果为锶-87的含量与锶-86的含量之比值为0.704183,钕-143的含量与钕-144的含量之比值为0.512827,铅-206的含量与铅-207的含量之比值为18.68668,铅-207的含量与铅-204的含量之值为15.67962,铅-208的含量与铅-204的含量之比值为39.00261,表明初始岩浆来自软流圈地幔,具有与珍贝海山玄武岩相似的同位素组成.经钾-氩法测年,粗面岩的年龄为(7.77±0.49)Ma,略晚于珍贝海山玄武岩的年龄[(9.1±1.29)~10.0±1.80Ma],属于南海扩张期后晚中新世火山活动的产物.对比珍贝海山玄武岩的地球化学和同位素特征,认为两者有相同的岩浆源区,但是它们经历了不同程度的结晶分异过程,在晚中新世期间珍贝-黄岩海山可能有地幔柱活动.     

Micromorphological features of Paleo-Stagnic-Anthrosols at archaeological site of Sanxingdui,China

The archaeological site of the Sanxingdui may date back as far as 5,000 years ago. The typical profiles of Palaeo-Stagnic-Anthrosols near the ancient site were selected, which aimed to identify diagnostic horizons employing methodology of soil taxonomic classification and to reveal the micromorphological properties of the paleosols. Under long-term anthropogenic mellowing, the discernible differentiation between anthrostagnic epipedon and its subhorizons as well as hydragric horizon and its subhorizons occurred in Paleo-Stagnie-Anthrosols at the archaeological site of the Sanxingdui. The mieromorphological properties diversified among each specific diagnostic subhorizon, e.g., the developed microstructure in cultivated subhorizon within anthrostagnic epipedon, closely arranged particles and considerable micropores beneficial to both of water conservation and filtration in plow subhorizon within anthrostagnic epipedon, and automorphic optical-orientation clays and calcareous corrosion in hydragric horizons. The findings above of micromorphological features related with diagnostic horizons are significant for soil taxonomic classification.     

栖霞市马家窑金矿床成矿流体地球化学特征

马家窑金矿床是胶东地区比较典型的石英脉型金矿床代表,属中低温热液矿床,成矿流体盐度较低,气相成分以H2O,CO2为主,其次是Na^＋,Ca^＋和Cl^-,K^＋和F^-较贫,流体的成分与大气降水热液相类似。成矿流体的H,O同位素值则反映大气降水在不同温度和不同水／岩值条件下与栖霞超单元回龙夼单元交换后的分布特征,认为马家窑金矿床的成矿热液属大气降水成因。     

山东温泉旅游资源分析及科学发展思考

山东省温泉资源分布广泛、储量大,利用历史十分悠久,在温泉资源开发应用过程中,应根据其分布、类型、开发利用现状,并结合国内外的科技成果而进行科学开发与综合利用,建设既有地方民俗文化特色又与国际接轨的可持续发展模式。     

面向同化的探空温度数据质控参数优化及误差特性分析

针对双权重标准差法对探空温度质量控制中阈值参数不确定的问题,提出了以正态波形指标偏度和峰度为判定依据的阈值Z参数优化算法。利用2017年福建3部探空温度资料和ERA5模式再分析温度数据,对探空温度增量数据进行不同数据集质控前后对比分析总结出：峰偏值C_KS随阈值Z的分布曲线表明阈值Z偏大则会造成质控不完全,阈值Z偏小则会造成过度质控;以峰偏值C_KS所确定的最优阈值Z双权重标准差法比固定阈值的更符合模式同化系统正态分布要求,为探空温度数据在模式同化的应用提供了更好的质控方法。在质控前后温度增量分布特征上,温度观测增量总是以某一固定增量值在整个气压高度上剔除离群值,其中57.15%的离群点主要分布在0～100 hPa范围内,42.85%的离群点均匀分布在100～1000 hPa范围内,其中0～100 hPa范围内温度增量绝对值大于10℃的异常点是由于温度传感器受太阳辐射等因素影响超出了正常探测误差范围,这些异常点可以在质控前提前剔除,进一步提升探空温度数据质量。