高浓度小新月菱形藻保存方法的研究

对小新月菱形藻(Nitzchia closterium f.minutissima)的保存方法进行了研究,试验证明,小新月菱形藻用不同的方法保存3个月,其最高存活率分别为:(1)在20℃下,15.0%的SAM8组为76.4%,1.5%的抗生素组为54.6%,0.1%的防腐剂组为45.3%,对照组仅为35.4%.(2)在0℃下,10.0%的SAM8组为98.4%,1.5%的抗生素组为78.8%,0.1%的防腐剂组为63.1%,低于对照组(65.5%).(3)-30℃下,10.0%的DMSO组为84.6%,10.0%的甘油组为83.1%,对照组为46.0%.为微藻的浓缩保存提供了新的方法.     

柴西侏罗系滑叠构造的几何学特征、成因及环境意义

在柴达木盆地西部红沟子的侏罗系中发育了一种特殊的软沉积变形构造,与类双重构造和双曲构造有些相似,但又明显不同,除了叠片外,还有软变形褶皱及微型断层,这三者构成了滑叠构造的主体,我们把这种构造称之为“滑叠构造”。滑叠构造的主体是叠片,多呈直片状,少数呈“Z”形,有的尾部发育了燕尾构造或变形结。叠片的平均倾向301.2°,平均倾角54.71°。滑叠构造与软斜歪变形褶皱、砂岩岩脉、包卷层理等十余种软沉积变形构造一道产出。滑叠构造产在一套河道细砾岩、河道间炭质泥岩(页岩)、浅水三角洲砂泥岩、浅湖钙质泥岩、滑积岩和浊积岩序列中,其底部为棕红色的浅湖钙质泥岩和炭质泥岩,顶部为滑积岩,其成因密切与滑动牵引有关。结合其它共生、伴生构造认为滑叠构造是由地震引起的三角洲前缘半固结性沉积物沿滨浅湖沉积底层强力滑动牵引形成。滑叠构造的产状经过校正后平均倾向358°,倾角48°,指示滑动方向是自北向南,与目前阿尔金山的位置关系很匹配,也说明了侏罗纪是阿尔金山(可能是古隆起)就已经存在了。阿尔金山的造山作用在持续加强,并常常伴随地震作用,是滑叠构造形成的主要诱发因素。 滑叠叠片主要为分选很差的长石岩屑杂砂岩,有微弱变质, 层面可以见到绢云母. 滑叠构造产在一套河道细砾岩、河道间炭质泥岩 (页岩) 、浅水三角洲砂泥岩、浅湖钙质泥岩、滑积岩和浊积岩序列中, 其底部为棕红色的浅湖钙质泥岩和炭质泥岩, 顶部为滑积岩, 其成因密切与滑动牵引有关. 结合其它共生、伴生构造认为滑叠构造是由地震引起的三角洲前缘半固结性沉积物沿滨浅湖沉积底层强力滑动牵引形成的. 从滑叠构造的产状推测, 滑动方向是自北西301.2°向南东121°, 与目前阿尔金山的位置关系很匹配, 也说明了侏罗纪是阿尔金山(可能是古隆起)就已经存在了.     

巢北栖霞灰岩中的脆韧性剪切构造的研究

安徽巢北二叠纪的栖霞灰岩中发育了多条小型剪切带。剪切带的宽度介于数十厘米到1米之间,顺层分布。剪切带强烈部位发育了大量方解石脉、强烈片理化及发育了大量斜歪褶皱。在剪切带中脆韧性剪切构造非常发育,主要有各类剪切面理、S-C组构、线理、斜歪褶皱、眼球构造、柱状构造及其他多种显微剪切构造,其中部分未见有报道。研究表明,巢北二叠纪的栖霞灰岩中剪切带中脆韧性剪切构造是在3000米左右深的超浅层发育的,最大深度不超过5500米。地下流体、尤其是有机质成熟过程中排放的有机酸形流体促进了方解石在超浅层条件下发生脆韧性变形。     

基于GIS的固体矿产资源潜力评价

矿产资源潜力评价成果对提高矿产勘查工作的经济效益具有重要意义,从20世纪70年代起各国就相继开展不同规模的矿产资源潜力评价工作.矿产资源预测评价方法经过30多年的发展,形成了一套相对成熟的方法.基于GIS的矿产资源潜力评价方法,通过对各种地质信息的数字化,实现成矿信息的定量化识别与提取,最终实现对矿产资源位置的圈定、数...     

Distribution and dispersal pattern of clay minerals in surface sediments, eastern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

Clay minerology of sediments are useful in determining distribution,sources and dispersal routes of fine-grained sediments.In the present paper,clay minerals of surface sediments throughout the eastern part of Beibu Gulf has been investigated to reveal sources and transport of detrital finegrained sediments.Four distinct clay mineral suites were observed from cluster analysis of clay mineral compositions of the samples.From the distribution pattern of clay minerals,we conclude that kaolinte in the eastern gulf is mainly derived from South China Landmass;Smectite could not be transported mainly by surface current from north-western Hainan Island,and maybe minor portion of it from Red River;Illite is mainly transported by the currents from South China Sea.Chlorite has two sources,namely South China Sea and South China Landmass.The Zhujiang River derived sediments could not be one of the sources for the clay mineral here,because of very different composition and ratios.The distribution pattern of clay minerals in the eastern Beibu Gulf is mainly controlled by fine-grained sediment source and local currents.The Silt/Clay,Smectite/Kaolinte,and Smetite/(Chlorite+Illite) ratios could be used as indicators of fine-grained sediment dispersal in the gulf.     

基于诊断色素分析的胶州湾浮游藻功能类群研究

分析了2003年12月至2004年10月胶州湾18个站位7个航次的浮游藻色素组成(包括叶绿素和类胡萝卜素)。使用岩藻黄素、多甲藻黄素、色素组合(别黄素+19'-丁酰氧基岩藻黄素+19'-己酰氧基岩藻黄素+青绿藻黄素)和玉米黄素作为特定功能类群的诊断色素指标定义了四个浮游藻功能类群(PFTs), 即硅藻、甲藻、微型鞭毛藻和蓝细菌, 并根据各浮游藻功能类群的诊断色素(组合)占诊断色素总量的比例研究了各功能类群在胶州湾的时空分布特点, 结果表明硅藻是胶州湾的优势类群(平均占65.8%), 微型鞭毛藻次之(26.0%), 甲藻和蓝细菌最低(分别为6.3%和1.9%)。基于诊断色素指标的浮游藻功能类群分析是一种简便的判断优势浮游藻类群组成和丰度的方法。     

再论湘中南区龙潭组的时代

根据最新取得的古生物资料以及层序地层研究的成果，笔者认为湘中南区龙潭组的时代为中二叠世晚期至晚二叠世早期，龙潭组上段为晚二叠世早期，其下段为中二叠世晚期。     

The Energy Budget of a Southwest Vortex With Heavy Rainfall over South China

Energy budgets were analyzed to study the development of an eastward propagating southwest vortex (SWV) associated with heavy rainfall over southern China(11-13 June 2008).The results show that kinetic energy(KE) generation and advection were the most important KE sources,while friction and sub-grid processes were the main KE sinks.There was downward conversion from divergent to rotational wind KE consistent with the downward stretching of SWVs.The Coriolis force was important for the formation and maintenance of the SWV.Convergence was also an important factor for maintenance,as was vertical motion during the mature stage of the SWV and the formation stage of a newly formed vortex(vortex B).The conversion from available potential energy(APE) to KE of divergent wind can lead to strong convection.Vertical motion influenced APE by dynamical and thermal processes which had opposite effects. The variation of APE was related to the heavy rainfall and convection;in this case,vertical motion with direct thermal circulation was the most important way in which APE was released,while latent heat release and vertical temperature advection were important for APE generation.     

全国重要固体矿产重点成矿区带划分与资源潜力特征

成矿区带是区域成矿规律研究成果最集中反映,同时也是地质找矿勘查部署最直接依据。利用全国重要矿产潜力评价成果重新厘定我国重要成矿区带,部署我国重要成矿区带有重要实际价值。成矿区带划分一方面要以区域构造环境及演化为纲,对成矿域、成矿省进行科学划分;同时要研究成矿本身时空分布规律,研究矿床的多元地物化遥等成矿信息,使得成矿区带符合成矿实际,能够直接找矿。部署区带是根据国家找矿工作部署出发,对成矿区带进行优选排序,具有引导导向作用,往往也能大大促进部署区带地质找矿突破。本次工作以23个矿种圈定成矿靶区,重要矿产地、物化遥异常等信息,并在最新划分的90个三级成矿区带基础上,划分了26个全国固体矿产勘查重点成矿区带,并进一步优选10个重点部署区带。