A modified subsurface stormflow model of hillsides in forest catchment

Subsurface flow plays an important role in forest catchment hydrological processes, for which a modified model is established in this paper. Firstly, by taking soil samples from Natural Preserve Forests of Changbai Mountain, two crucial parameters for subsurface flow, the saturated hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity, were measured in the laboratory. Secondly, submodels of the two parameters varying logarithmically with soil depth were established through regressive analysis. Then a modified subsurface stormflow model (Modified model) was founded by substituting the submodels into a storage–discharge model (Sloan's model), established by Sloan in 1983. Finally, to verify the Modified model, five rainfall events on a simulated hillside were carried out. The subsurface flow processes were simulated using the Modified model, Sloan's model and Robinson's model. The comparison of simulated subsurface stormflow processes using the three models respectively with measured ones showed that the Modified model obtained better accuracy for peak flow and total amount of subsurface stormflow than the other two models. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

斜坡发育过程中的σ_3效应

斜坡发育过程中,正倾岩层的屈曲变形和水平岩层的塑性流动,受坡体内存在的最小主应力σ_3梯度作用而成。σ_3效应主要呈现有:屈曲滑坡和挤出型块体滑坡。     

A semi‐theoretical model of canopy rainfall interception for a broad‐leaved tree

Through a series of simulation experiments in the laboratory on the broad‐leaved tree Acer mono Maxim, we obtain interception datasets of individual events under different rainfall intensities and leaf area indexes (LAIs). Based on the data, the relationship between rainfall intensity and maximum interception of per unit LAI is quantified. The variation of interception with canopy wetness index is also identified. Hence, an interception model, in which interception is calculated using rainfall intensity and LAI, is constructed with consideration of canopy wetness. Finally, according to the validation experiments, it is concluded that the precision of the model is 92·7%. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

商南地区秦岭群中的韧性伸展构造

在秦岭造山带核部秦岭群变质岩系中,发育有自NWW向SEE方向拉伸的深层次韧性伸展构造。表现为具有定的代表伸展运动方向的塑性拉伸线理、不对称顺层韧性剪切褶皱及横向置换面理等。态因后期挤压收缩作用已发生改变。伸展作用发生于加里东期挤压收缩、构造叠置、陆壳增厚之后,与晚加里东—早海西期大量花岗质深成岩体的上隆侵位密切相关,伸展作用方向近平行造山带走向,时代可能为早海西期。     

河南缺水山区寒武－奥陶系碳酸盐岩含水介质研究

本文论及河南省豫北和豫西缺水山区寒武－奥陶系碳酸盐岩含水介质结构、构造和空间分布，在此基础上划分出区内四种主要含水介质类型：泥晶灰岩和颗粒泥晶灰岩密集裂隙－溶洞型、角砾状泥灰岩密集裂隙－溶孔型、亮晶鲕粒灰岩稀疏裂隙－溶洞型和结晶白云岩裂隙－晶（溶）孔型。     

六带石斑鱼(Epinephelus sexfasciatus)的核型分析

以六带石斑鱼肾细胞为材料,采用 PHA 和秋水仙素进行分步活体注射,经低渗处理,空气干燥制片法制作染色体标本。对染色体初步的分析结果表明,六带石斑鱼体细胞染色体数目为2n=48。其中2条为亚中着丝点染色体,46条为端着丝点染色体(包括两条有明显的次缢痕的染色体),故总臂数 NF=50。     

Two-component model of the X-ray emissions for Fermi $\mathit {Fermi}$ -LAT selected blazars

Astrophysics and Space Science - The purpose of this paper is to study the Tsallis agegraphic dark energy with an interaction term between dark energy and dark matter in the DGP brane-world...     

基于多维分析框架的中国城市收缩时空演化特征分析

从城市收缩的维度类别、维度数量、时序演化3个方面入手,提出了一套新的多维度分析框架,并将其应用于中国城市收缩的时空演变特征分析。结果表明：1）在1995—2000、2000—2005、2005—2010和2010—2015这4个时期中,人口收缩城市占中国城市总量的比例分别为9.55％、20.34％、15.34％和19.72％;经济收缩城市占比分别为5.32％、4.85％、0.47％和8.29％;空间收缩城市占比分别为7.04%、3.44%、3.76%和1.72%。2）相对于欧美发达国家,中国的城市收缩现象并不是很严重,大部分人口收缩城市的收缩率均低于3％。3）中国的城市收缩现象存在3个悖论：93.03％的人口收缩城市的建成区面积在扩张,92.37％的人口收缩城市的国内生产总值（GDP）在增长,94.57％的经济收缩城市的建成区面积在扩张。这与中国的要素依赖型经济增长模式和地方政府的土地融资模式等存在较强的关系。文章所构建框架具有较好的灵活性和较强的适应性,有助于增强收缩城市研究的可比性。此外,该框架在推动城市多维度收缩的类型学研究,分析城市收缩的时序演化规律等方面也具有较大的潜力。     

台湾海峡6.2级地震震区气枪地震资料初步分析

对2019年在台湾海峡6.2级地震震区布设的N01、NE02测线地震测深剖面的Pg波走时进行层析成像反演,获得测线下方地壳上部二维速度结构。对N01测线单道反射地震测深剖面进行多次波衰减等处理,并与Pg波成像结果进行对比。研究结果表明,采用走时层析成像方法与单道反射地震测深剖面获得沿探测剖面沉积层上地壳基底形态特征等具有较好的对应关系。由于测线穿越多个地质构造单元和多条断裂带,走时层析成像和单道反射地震测深剖面结果综合显示研究区结晶基底面起伏较大,沉积层速度和厚度变化较剧烈,受台湾海峡西部新生代构造活动影响,显示了相应的断裂或不同地质构造单元在上部地壳内的结构特征。     

内蒙古克旗地区银、锡多金属矿土壤地球化学测量方法及找矿效果

在内蒙古克什克腾旗——白音查干地区,运用土壤地球化学测量方法发现了诸多以银锡为主的成矿元素异常带及找矿靶区,找矿潜力较大。通过1∶5万土壤地球化学测量工作,圈出了成矿元素异常靶区3处,经过1∶1万土壤地球化学测量,进一步缩小了找矿靶区,确定了成矿有利地段12处。经过地质填图及地表工程揭露,发现银、锡、铅锌矿(化)蚀变带20余条,其中,达到边界及工业品位的矿体5条,充分说明了土壤地球化学测量方法在半干旱风成砂覆盖的草原丘陵地区具有良好的找矿效果。