Interaction of adakitic melt-peridotite: Implications for the high-Mg# signature of Mesozoic adakitic rocks in the eastern North China Craton

Abundant dunite and harzbugite xenoliths are preserved in Early Cretaceous high-Mg# [63–67, where Mg# = molar 100 × Mg/(Mg + Fe_tot)] diorite intrusions from western Shandong in the North China Craton (NCC). Dunite and some harzburgite xenoliths typically preserve areas of orthopyroxenite (sometimes accompanied by phlogopite) either as veins or as zones surrounding chromite grains. Harzburgite is chiefly composed of olivine, orthopyroxene, minor clinopyroxene and chromian-spinel. High Mg#'s (averaging 91.4) and depletions in Al₂O₃ and CaO (averaging 0.52 wt.% and 0.29 wt.%, respectively) in harzburgite and dunite xenoliths suggest that they are residues formed by large degrees of polybaric melting. However, olivines and orthopyroxenes from dunite xenoliths spatially associated with orthopyroxenite display lower Mg#'s (i.e., 82–87 and 83–89, respectively), suggesting that an adakitic melt–peridotite reaction has taken place. This is consistent with the production of veined orthopyroxene or orthopyroxene + phlogopite in dunite and some harzburgite xenoliths in response to the introduction of adakitic melt into the previously depleted lithospheric mantle (i.e., harzburgite and dunite xenoliths). The presence of orthopyroxene in veins or as a zones surrounding chromite in peridotite xenoliths is thought to be representative of adakitic melt metasomatism. The dunite and harzbugite xenoliths are relatively rich in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), poor in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs), and lack Eu anomalies on chondrite normalized trace element diagrams. The initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios and εNd(t) values for the xenoliths range from 0.7058 to 0.7212 and + 0.18 to ? 19.59, respectively. Taken together, these features, combined with the strong depletion in HFSE and the existence of Archean inherited zircons in the host rocks, suggest that the adakitic melt was derived from the partial melting of early Mesozoic delaminated lower continental crust. The interaction of the adakitic melt with peridotite is responsible for the high-Mg# character of the early Cretaceous diorites in western Shandong.     

球形颗粒紧密堆积状态时的吸力分析

根据圆液面假设和热力学基本原理,研究了球形颗粒紧密堆积模式在水封闭状态（状态2）时的吸力特性,得到了状态2中3类吸力和3类等效吸力与饱和度的定量关系和以接触角和饱和度或饱和半径为参数的吸力比表达式。进一步的研究表明,在状态2中吸力比都小于1,与基于松散堆积模式在水封闭状态（状态1）时得到的结果比较后可知,随着颗粒排列密实度的增大,相对于基质吸力,张力吸力的作用将有所降低但仍然不可忽视。另外,随饱和度变化,状态2中的3类吸力,特别是3类等效吸力的变化趋势与基于状态1得到的结论基本一致。在状态2中,对数吸力比与饱和半径呈明显的线性关系,吸力比与饱和度也呈明显的线性关系,前者与状态1中的吸力演化规律一致,而后者则存在较大不同。     

含盐量对石灰固化滨海盐渍土稠度和击实性能的影响

随着含盐量的增加,滨海盐渍土中的盐分结晶形成了更多的盐颗粒,使石灰固化土的稠度指标发生变化,总体上分阶段逐渐下降。含盐量的增加使得石灰固化土的不均匀系数增大,且随着养护龄期的增加而增大。增加土的含盐量,则石灰固化土悬液的电导率随之增加,但电导率几乎不随养护龄期而变化,这表明氯盐没有参与石灰的固化反应,只是吸附在土颗粒的表面或存在土孔隙中,石灰固化后的盐渍土仍然具有一定的吸湿软化性。重型击实试验结果证实,增加含盐量使石灰土混合料的最大干密度略有降低,最优含水率则几乎不变,因此,施工中可不考虑含盐量对石灰固化滨海盐渍土现场碾压效果的影响。     

拉萨地块火山岩系内早—中侏罗世双壳类动物群及其古生物地理

在拉萨以东约１００ ｋｍ 处的下波郎和得中等地, 广泛出露着以火山岩系沉积为主体的叶巴组, 新近从中发现了大量的双壳类化石, 以Ｋｏｂａｙａｓｈｉｔｅｓ ｈｅｍｉｃｙｌｉｎｄｒｉｃｕｓ Ｈａｙａｍｉ, Ｐｒｏｐｅａ ｍｕｓｓｉｕｍ （ Ｐｒｏｐｅａｍｕｓｓｉｕｍ） ｌａｅｖｉｒａｄｉａｔｕｍ （ Ｗａａｇｅｎ） , Ｐｒｏｎｏｅｌｌａ ｐｉｎｄｉｒｏｅｎｓｉｓ Ｃｏｘ 和Ｃｏｒｂｉｃｅｌｌｏｐ ｓｉｓｌａｅｖｉｓ （Ｓｏｗｅｒｂｙ） 为代表, 共计１９ 属２０ 种。双壳类动物群古生物地理面貌同北侧羌塘—印支地块早—中侏罗世双壳类动物群以及欧洲和日本同期双壳类动物群有极大的相似性, 在某种程度上又具有东亚区、欧洲区以及埃塞俄比亚区的某些特征属, 在一定程度上显示出不同生物地理区动物群的混生面貌。从生物地理区系的角度来看, 班公湖—怒江缝合带虽然有可能是侏罗纪一度出现的洋盆, 但其张开的幅度和持续的时间不足以导致其南、北两侧产生独立的生物地理区系     

关于山东省海滨旅游区旅游开发之思考

山东省海滨旅游区由于长期未有实现在宏观调控下的全区域整体规划和开发,导致旅游资源优势迟迟不能转化为经济优势,加之各地市目标市场的单一性和趋同性,不驻引发了内部竞争,而且在亚洲金融危机冲击下明显暴露了旅游产业的脆弱性。为此作者在分析该区发展旅游业的五大优势条件和不利因素基础上,提出了发展旅游业的基本构想。     

Relationship between social stability and climate change in the Tang Dynasty

This paper quantitatively divides the Tang Dynasty into five prosperous and chaotic social periods,and discusses the relationship between the social division and climate change. The criteria for determining prosperity and chaos is refered to a set of systematic war data. In order to verify the reasonableness of the division,we applied 1-way-ANOVA to test the differences of each variable index between prosperity and chaos periods. The results of social division are as follows: from AD 618 to AD 626,and from AD 743 to AD 784,as well as from AD 860 to AD 907 were the chaotic periods;while from AD 627 to A0 742,and from AD 785 to AD 859 were the prosperous periods. The results of 1-way-ANOVA show that,climate change,general wars,rebellions,offensive border wars,defensive border wars,agricultural harvests,and population growth rates are all significantly different between prosperity and chaos,except the general external wars. War data were used to quantitatively represent the social changes in the Tang Dynasty. In chaotic periods,the main types of wars are rebellions and defensive border wars,while the main type of wars in prosperous periods are offensive border wars. To explore the relationship between climate change and social division means to make clear the relationship between climate change and wars. The results of correlation analysis show the decrease of agricultural harvest due to lower temperature and less precipitation leads to the shortage of resources supply,so that the likelihood of rebellions increase;while during the warm periods with abundant rainfall,increasing agricultural harvest stimulates rapid population growth. Due to the limitations of technology and land resources,offensive border wars for expansion are more likely to occur.     

马兰黄土液化特性及孔压模型参数研究

地震荷载作用下黄土的孔压增长特性、模型及参数是黄土场地液化评价的关键。文章以甘肃庆阳董志塬地区黄土为研究对象,通过不同土性和荷载条件下饱和重塑黄土的液化试验,对黄土的液化特征、典型孔压模型的适用性及参数的取值范围进行研究。研究表明动荷载作用下饱和重塑黄土孔压增长曲线主要分为三类,通过对比验证不同孔压模型对饱和重塑黄土孔压增长曲线的适用性,给出了适用性较好的孔压模型的参数取值范围,其中,Seed模型的参数α取值范围为1.09～1.84,A型曲线模型参数β取值范围为1.70～2.52,幂函数模型参数θ取值范围为1.13～1.75。根据陇西黄土孔压曲线对模型进行验证,结果表明模型的参数取值范围具有区域性,对于陇西黄土,Seed模型、A型曲线模型和幂函数模型的拟合参数取值分别为0.91、8.32和3.51。     

菲律宾海透明度特征初探

研究菲律宾海透明度的变化规律,对国民经济和军事活动都有重要意义。以往由于缺乏资料,研究文献较少。本文根据国内外的有关资料,对菲律宾海的透明度特征进行了分析与研究,较详细地阐明了它的变化特点和规律。     

用冻干法制备微结构测试用土样的试验研究

叙述了采用液氮真空冷冻升华法 (冻干法)干燥微结构测试用粘土样品的基本原理和操作过程、试验前的准备等方面的内容。采用此干燥制样技术使软粘土样品失水后体积不收缩,无结构变化,样品质量可满足微结构研究的精度要求。      

铜铅锌混合精矿的矿物学特征分析及分离效率探究

中国云南省有大量的铜铅锌多金属硫化矿资源,该类矿产资源的高效选矿分离是影响企业经济效益的主要问题之一.针对云南迪庆地区的硫化混合精矿,该混合精矿铜、铅、锌三种有价金属共存,分离难度较大,导致其产品难以销售或冶炼.本文采用化学分析、X射线衍射法和矿物解离度分析(MLA)等多种检测方法,对该混合精矿的主要元素含量、矿物组成...