Anthropogenic 129I in seawaters along the north-central part of the English Channel: Levels and tracer applications

The English Channel (the Channel) represents a major sink and transport pathway of anthropogenic radioactive 129I. Despite this important role, data concerning the distribution of 129I in seawater of the Channel are scarce, and most of existing data are restricted to the eastern part of the Channel. The advection and dispersion of 129I from the French coast toward the central and further the English coast, especially in the Channel west of Cap de La Hague, are not fully investigated. We present results of iodine isotopes (127I and 129I) analyses of surface water samples collected along the central English Channel in October, 2010. The data show high 129I concentrations between Dover Strait and La Hague, followed by a dramatic drop towards the Celtic Sea and reveal the dispersal of 129I towards central and northern part of the Channel. Our observation also implies that the entire British coast is contaminated by 129I. 129I levels in the westernmost English Channel, close to the English coast, may reflect combined influences from La Hague and Sellafield. Evolution of 129I between 2005 and 2010 suggests a strong link to temporal marine discharges from La Hague plant. The discharges from the nuclear reprocessing facility have continued since 2010 and thus an ecological evaluation of 129I radioactive hazards in the environment of the Channel may be needed.     

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ENSO SIGNAL RECORDED BY THE δ18O SERIES OF ICE CORE FROM MIAOERGOU FLAT-TOPPED GLACIER,EASTERN TIENSHAN

基于东天山庙尔沟冰芯1953～2004年的δ18O序列,利用冰芯钻取点附近的气象站观测资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析数据等资料,初步分析了庙尔沟冰芯δ18O序列与ENSO事件之间的关系.研究表明,庙尔沟冰芯δ18O年序列与当年10月至次年3月间的热带太平洋东部地区(约170°～80°W)海表温度、亚洲西风气流500mb纬向风速及当年7～12月的ENSO指数之间均存在显著负相关.另外,ENSO事件对古里雅冰芯、马兰冰芯及庙尔沟冰芯δ18O序列的影响与其对达索普冰芯及Sajama冰芯δ18O序列的影响明显不同,说明ENSO事件对不同气候区冰芯δ18O序列的影响机制可能存在差异.     

塔里木盆地塔中低凸起中古43井区碳酸盐岩油气属性分布特征及成藏模式

塔中地区中古44和中古10两条走滑断裂切割了塔中低凸起中古43井区,它们对油气输导具有控制意义。油气从中—下寒武统沿两条走滑断裂向上运移后,在下奥陶统鹰山组内向两侧输导,呈"T"字形的油气充注方式。从断裂向两侧,V/Ni值呈减小趋势,原油密度、黏度、含硫量和含蜡量等物性参数,距离断裂由近到远,均表现为逐渐变大的趋势,这些都证明油气是由走滑断裂向两侧运移的。水、油、气井的目的层海拔分别为-4 700 m以下、约-4 600～-4 500 m和-4 500 m以上;出油气层位在海拔-4500 m以上的井,平均气油比较高,在海拔-4 500 m以下的井,平均气油比较低。研究井区油气开发的连通半径平均约600 m,小于油气成藏的连通半径。在开发和成藏两种时间尺度下隔挡层的物性上限有着显著差别。     

The levels of fluorine in the sediments of the aquifer and their significance for fluorosis in coastal region of Laizhou Bay,China

The levels of fluorine in sediment cores obtained from Changyi County (PZ core) and Laizhou County (TS core) are used to discuss the fluorine sources in groundwater and its enrichment dynamics. The sediments in the aquifer are mainly constituted of granite gravels. The levels of fluorine in the PZ and TS cores range from 130 to 468 mg/kg, 139–528 mg/kg, with average values of 324, 348 mg/kg, respectively, which show relatively lower levels than the national average of fluorine in the soil or sediment. Thus, the fluorosis in this area should not be attributed to the levels of fluorine in sediments. The average fluorine concentrations in the aquifer from top to bottom are 154, 139, 200, 222 mg/kg for the TS core, and 154, 130, 266, 272 mg/kg for the PZ core, respectively, which are the lowest of the cores and extremely lower levels than the fresh granites. Such a fact indicates that a vast amount of fluorine has been leached into the groundwater. Moreover, the fluorine leachability is estimated to be approximately 70 %, although the previous documents showed fluorine contents of the granite surrounding Laizhou Bay were almost equal to or even lower than the average levels of fluorine in fresh granites. Meanwhile, a simulation experiment also reveals that fluorine release from rocks increases with the addition of seawater and brine water. Therefore, the seawater intrusion may potentially enhance the fluorine leachability, and should be an important dynamic of fluorine enrichment.     

辽宁红阳煤田石炭—二叠纪聚煤期古地理与控煤分析

依据华北地台晚古生代陆表海沉积建造层序界面的识别标志,在红阳煤田石炭—二叠系残余地层中识别出了6个层序界面,并据此建立了由DS1-DS55个三级层序构成的层序地层格架,揭示了红阳煤田石炭—二叠纪沉积环境由海相到陆相演化的过程。DS1-DS5层序地层岩性岩相分析表明:DS2、DS3层序是石炭—二叠纪主要聚煤期。DS2层序发育堡岛体系,岛后泥炭坪与滨岸沼泽相沉积在区内形成了厚度较大且连续性较好的12、13煤;DS3层序发育三角洲体系,泛滥盆地与分流间湾相沉积发育了多层不可采或局部可采煤层。与DS3层序海陆过渡相沉积成煤相比,DS2层序海相沉积煤层的灰分与硫分相对较高,且在区域上都呈现由北向南逐渐升高的趋势,这与海水退出红阳煤田的方向相吻合,表明红阳煤田石炭—二叠纪聚煤期古地理格局对煤层发育及煤质特征具有明显的控制作用。     

东北地区中生代岩石圈减薄时间上限的厘定:来自松辽盆地营城组火山岩年代学约束

松辽盆地是我国东北地区一个大型的晚中生代含油气沉积盆地。在盆地发育早期阶段受强烈伸展作用影响形成了大规模的断陷和大量的火山活动。本文以松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷区火山岩的年代学研究为切入点,通过对徐家围子断陷升深更2井和徐深9-2井营城组(K_1y)火山岩的岩芯样品进行SHRIMP U-Pb定年,获得了营城组火山岩年龄为114～112 Ma,并认为该年龄结果代表了松辽盆地区域晚中生代岩浆作用的上限时间。通过对松辽盆地及邻区的火山年代学的对比发现:中国东北地区晚中生代曾发生过多期的岩浆事件,时间分别为:166～150 Ma;140～130 Ma;130～120 Ma;114～109 Ma。松辽盆地内早白垩世营城组火山岩年龄与我国东北地区中生代最后一期岩浆作用时间一致,指示了东北地区中生代最后一期岩浆事件年龄。松辽盆地营城组火山岩年龄的厘定将为本区中生代岩石圈减薄的上限时间提供进一步可靠的年代学约束。     

祁连山冻土区天然气水合物烃类气体成因及其意义

对祁连山冻土区天然气水合物钻井岩心游离气样品开展研究,测试烃类气体的组分和碳氢同位素,判断天然气水合物的气体成因类型及成藏模式。结果显示烃类气体组分复杂,除甲烷外,还含有较高的乙烷、丙烷等重烃组分。甲烷碳同位素分布范围最广,气体成因来源相对简单,没有明显受到次生改造作用的影响。该区天然气水合物属于热解成因,判断来自深部的三叠统尕勒得寺组烃源岩。本研究可为我国高原冻土天然气水合物勘探和开发提供理论依据。     

南海海山玄武岩形成条件研究

南海海山火山岩主要由碱性玄武岩,拉斑玄武岩、粗安质浮岩、英安岩等组成。火山岩中的矿物包裹体主要为非晶质熔融包裹体,反映出海山火山岩水下喷发冷凝较快的特点,并在碱性玄武岩及其地幔岩包体中发现流体熔融包裹体,表明该区上地幔部分熔融过程中曾经历过熔浆与流体不混熔的过程。四个海山火山岩直接测定的成岩温度分别为:中南海山碱性玄武岩1155～1185℃,宪北海山碱性玄武岩960～1200℃,拉斑玄武岩1040～1230℃,玳瑁海山拉斑玄武岩1245～1280℃,尖峰海山粗安质浮岩880～1140℃。中南海山及宪北海山碱性玄武岩的平衡压力分别为13.57×10~8Pa和8.8×10~8Pa。宪北海山地幔岩包体的辉石平衡温度为1073～1121℃,压力为(15.58～22.47)×10~8Pa,表明碱性玄武岩浆来源较深,已达到该区上地幔软流圈范围。     

灰色关联度分析方法在电阻率测深曲线解释中的应用

本文首先介绍了灰色系统理论中灰色关联度分析方法的基本原理，然后以实测电测深找水资料为基础，系统地阐述了在灰色系统理论中，灰色关联度分析方法在电测深找水资料数据处理中的应用     

基于海冰密集度遥感数据的波弗特海海冰时空变化研究

采用美国冰雪数据中心(NSIDC)的日尺度与月尺度海冰密集度数据,将海冰密集度为15%作为阈值确定海冰外缘线位置,提取波弗特海海域的海冰外缘线,计算波弗特海的海冰密集度、海冰范围与海冰面积,然后通过海冰范围与海冰外缘线的年际变化与季节变化来分析波弗特海海冰外缘线退缩的时空变化特征与趋势。实验结果表明,1978—2015年波弗特海的海冰密集度、海冰范围与海冰面积整体变化趋势一致,减少趋势显著。37年来,海冰密集度平均每年减少约0.3%,海冰范围平均每年减少3 235 km2,海冰面积平均每年减少5 084 km2。海冰密集度在1979—1996年无明显减少趋势,1996—2015年减少趋势明显。波弗特海海冰范围一般在9月达到最小值,在11月至次年5月维持在最大值(全冰覆盖状态);海冰面积一般在9月达到最小值,在12月或者1月达到最大值。海冰范围最小值出现时间有延迟的趋势,全冰覆盖状态具有起始时间越来越晚、终止时间越来越早、持续时间越来越短的趋势,平均持续天数为212 d。