Immunotoxicity effect of benzo[α]pyrene on scallop Chlamys farreri

The toxic effects of benzo[α]pyrene (B[α]P) at different concentrations (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 7.5 μgL⁻¹) on scallop (Chlamy farreri) immune system were studied. The results showed that B[α]P had significant toxic effects on the haemocyte counts, neutral red uptake, phagocytosis, bacteriolytic and antibacterial activity (P<0.05), while the seawater control and acetone control had no significant differences. The haemocyte counts, neutral red uptake, phagocytosis and bacteriolytic activity in all B[α]P treatment groups as well as antibacterial activity in groups of 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 7.5 μgL⁻¹ B[α]P decreased significantly (P<0.05). Some of these indices tended to be stable on the sixth day and others on the ninth day, and the indices showed clear time- and concentration-response to B[α]P. Bacteriolytic activity in 0.1μgL⁻¹ B[α]P treatment group and antibacterial activity in 0.1 μgL⁻¹ and 0.5 μgL- B[α]P treatment groups increased at the beginning of exposure and reached their peaks on day 1 and day 6, respectively. Following that, both activities decreased gradually and became stable after day 9. When all the indices reached stability, they were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05), except for antibacterial activity in 0.1 μgL⁻¹ B[α]P treatment group (P>0.05). Thus, B[α] has evident toxic effects on scallop immune system, which supports the view that a relationship exists between pollution and immunomodulation in aquatic organisms.     

泥蚶锰超氧化物歧化酶基因的研究

Special primers were designed based on the sequence information of superoxide dismutase genes reported in the Iiterature and were used for RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE) to clone Tegillarca granosaMn-superoxide dismutase gene successfully.The length cDNA of Tegillarca granosaMn-superoxide dismutase gene was of 635bp by including a 3^'untranslated region(UTR)of 230bp and an open reading frame(ORF) of 4.5bp encoding a polypeptide of 135 amino acids. TheTegillarca granosaMn-superoxide dismutase gene shares 66%~73% homology with Mizuhopecteb yessoensis^'s,Danio rerio^'s,Xenopus Laevis^'s,Human^'s,Callinectes sapidus^'sSOD CDS, while the corresponding amino acids shares 68%-78% homology and 80%~89% comparability. These indicate the SOD gene is high evolutional conservation in animals.     

柴达木盆地烃蚀变矿物高光谱遥感识别研究

高光谱遥感识别烃蚀变矿物可用于探测油气烃类微渗漏和定位地下油气藏.以有天然气分布的柴达木盆地东部三湖地区为研究区,对Hyperion高光谱数据进行重采样处理,克服了目标识别矿物不明显和传感器低信噪比的影响.通过确定烃蚀变矿物高光谱遥感探测的指示标志,采用线性光谱(SAM)拟合与光谱匹配(SAM)相结合的方法确定了影像端元对应的矿物组分.识别结果表明,合理缩减影像波段数和确定影像端元的方法,能有效提高烃蚀变矿物的高光谱遥感识别精度.     

海洋毒素大田软海绵酸完全抗原的制备与分析

为了建立大田软海绵酸(Okadaic acid,0A)的免疫学检测方法,利用活泼酯法将OA分子中的羧基与栽体蛋白上的氨基偶联,人工制备OA的免疫抗原(OA-IgG)和检测抗原(OA-BSA),经电泳、动物实验及ELISA法进行了鉴定,完全抗原的偶联成功,为利用杂交瘤技术制备OA的单克隆抗体和海产品OA免疫学检测方法奠定了良好的基础.     

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我国核电厂设计中考虑的自然灾害综述与建议

我国是目前世界在建核电机组最多的国家,总装机容量世界第三,是名副其实的核大国,核安全是国家安全的重要内容,被提到了前所未有的高度.同时,我国也是世界上自然灾害最严重的国家之一,包括核电厂在内的重大工程建设高度重视自然灾害防御设计.日本311地震海啸引起福岛核事故后,核电厂设计中增强了对超设计基准自然灾害的考虑.本文对核...     

CC区多金属结核分布特征及其与地质地理环境因素之间的关系

根据１９８７、１９８８、１９９０年东北赤道太平洋ＣＣ区的３个航次多金属结核调查资料的统计分析，结果表明，ＣＣ区自西向东，从北向南，多金属结核丰度，覆盖率、形态、粒径和化学组分等具明显的区域分布规律，但在这一区域性分布背景上，结核的局部分布很复杂。     

论海水养殖的养殖容量

养殖容量应是一个包含环境、生态和经济等诸多因素的综合概念。养殖容量可定义为：单位水体内在保护环境、节约资源和保证应有效益等各个方面都符合可持续发展要求的最大养殖量。合理地利用养殖容量就是要形成一个结构优化和功能高效的养殖生态系统,使所投入的物质得到反复循环、初级生产力得到多途径利用,从而提高生产效益和养殖效益,避免物质的浪费及自身和环境的污染。从养殖生态系统运转的驱动因素来分析,主要靠太阳辐射直接提供能源的系统,如海带养殖系统、扇贝筏式养殖系统等,可称为自养型或自然营养型养殖系统;主要靠人工投饲来提供能源的系统,如对虾池塘养殖系统、吃食性鱼类网箱养殖系统等,可称为异养型或人工营养型养殖系统。这两类养殖系统在生态学上有很多互补性,它们的复合可提高养殖水体的养殖容量。     

鱼生长激素在水产养殖中的应用

鱼生长激素是鱼类脑垂体中分泌的促进生长的单一亚基的蛋白激素.它参与鱼的生长代谢，能够加速蛋白质合成和脂类降解等生理功能.鱼生长激素能够大大地加快鱼类的生长，在鱼类的水产养殖领域有重大的应用价值，日益引起了人们的关注.现阶段鱼生长激素的应用研究主要集中在转生长激素基因鱼的育种和鱼生长激素的基因工程表达两个方面，且都取得了很大的进展.