兼容光学雷达影像及地形辅助数据的扎龙湿地遥感分类

结合Landsat TM影像、Envisat ASAR的C波段雷达影像和地形辅助数据,采用决策树方法,包括分类回归树(C1assification and Regression Tree,CART)和随机森林(Random Forest,RF)算法,对扎龙湿地进行遥感分类。用实测GPS样本点对分类结果进行精度验证,并与最大似然监督分类方法(Maximum Likelihood Classification,MLC)对比。结果表明,地形辅助数据和雷达后向散射系数对湿地分类精度的提高起重要作用。基于RF算法分类结果的总精度和Kappa系数分别为92.6%和0.901,沼泽湿地的分类精度达到96.3%,较CART算法和MLC监督分类方法有明显提高。该研究提供了一种快速、高效的内陆淡水沼泽湿地遥感分类技术。     

干旱区绿洲生态脆弱性评价方法及应用研究——以吐鲁番绿洲为例

依据干旱区绿洲生态环境特点,建立了完整的生态脆弱性评价指标体系。结合GIS和遥感技术,分别从生态压力、生态敏感度和生态稳定度3方面对研究区生态脆弱性进行分析,并运用综合指数法、层次分析法得出综合评价结果。结果表明,研究区80%以上的区域已达到中度脆弱级别,近1/6的区域为重度脆弱区,在分布上呈现从东向西明显增加的特点。生态脆弱性表现出了显著的土地利用效应,随着脆弱度等级的增加,荒漠化面积所占比例大幅度提高。进行荒漠化治理、保证生态用水是吐鲁番绿洲生态建设的关键。     

基于地理信息云服务的现代企业管理模式

如今,现代企业对地理空间信息服务的需求日益增多,传统的信息管理模式已越来越不能满足企业发展的需求,企业管理模式急需全面革新与升级。本文从超图云服务在企业管理中的应用出发,结合GIS、云计算、网格化管理等先进的技术,描述了企业服务平台的7大可在线调用的功能模块,阐述了地理信息云服务在企业生产运营的整个作业链中给企业带来的价值。     

3维地籍数据库变更测量方法研究

为了进一步查清城市土地的权属、位置、面积、用途等基本情况,掌握真实的土地基础数据,建立和完善城市土地调查、土地统计和土地登记制度,实现土地资源信息的社会化服务,为建立科学的城市国土资源管理与评价体系提供详实的基础数据,需要开展3维地籍数据库更新与维护,以保证地籍数据库的真实性、现势性,满足城市国土资源管理工作和经济社会发展的需要。     

长春国土C级GPS网数据处理与精度分析

从长春国土C级GPS网的数据进行分析,通过高精度GAMIT软件进行解算,为了确定在严格基准下的控制网地心坐标,将控制网纳入到ITRF参考框架中,加上了ITRF参考框架中测站坐标已知的全球站数据一起处理,将吉林省CORS站与IGS跟踪站进行联测,获得控制网某点的瞬时坐标。最后,对整个控制网的精度进行了详细的分析。     

南泥湖—三道庄钼(钨)矿床成矿流体的碳氢氧同位素研究及其启示

南泥湖—三道庄钼(钨)矿的成矿阶段从早到晚可以划分为(1)矽卡岩化阶段和角岩化阶段,(2)石英钾长石阶段和退化蚀变作用阶段,(3)石英硫化物阶段以及(4)石英碳酸盐阶段。通过对各阶段流体包裹体的碳、氢和氧稳定同位素研究,认为形成该矿床的成矿流体来源以岩浆源为主,含少量有机质的碳酸盐地层的贡献次之,大气降水可能没有贡献。从矽卡岩阶段到石英硫化物阶段再到石英方解石阶段,成矿流体依次经历了硅酸盐熔体与富挥发分热液流体的不混溶、水岩反应和富气流体的减压沸腾,其中气体的大规模逸出发生在石英方解石阶段。     

Geology,Geochemistry, and Geochronology of the Fenghuangshan Skarn‐type Copper Deposit in the Tongling Ore Cluster,Anhui Province,East China

The Fenghuangshan skarn-type Cu deposit, Tongling Ore Cluster, Anhui Province, is an important component in the Middle–Lower Yangtze River ore-forming belt. To better understand magmatism and its relationship to mineralization, we investigated geochemical features, ore-forming fluids, and geochronology of the Xinwuli intrusion and the related Fenghuangshan Cu deposit. Lithogeochemical characteristics show that the Xinwuli quartz monzodiorite is formed by mixing magma derived from upper mantle alkaline basalt that has been contaminated by crust materials. C, H and O isotopes indicate that ore-forming fluids mainly come from the magma, with minor amounts of meteoric fluids involved at the late stage. S and Pb isotopic components indicate that ore-forming materials are derived from the mantle. Molybdenite Re–Os isotopic dating yields Re–Os model ages ranging from 139.1±2.4 Ma to 142.0±2.2 Ma, with an isochronal age of 141.1±1.4 Ma, which is consistent with sensitive, high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) zircon U–Pb ages of quartz monzodiorite and granodiorite in the mining area. Dating analysis yields ages from 136.0±2.0 Ma to 143.0±2.4 Ma for the quartz monzodiorite (a weighted average of 139.4±1.2 Ma) and ages from 136.7±2.0 Ma to 145.3±2.4 Ma for granodiorite (a weighted average of 141.0±1.1 Ma).     

甘肃天水地区早古生代黄门川花岗闪长岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及构造意义

甘肃天水地区黄门川花岗闪长岩体位于北祁连造山带东端,侵位于晚奥陶世陈家河群中酸性火山岩系中,岩石学和地球化学特征表明其具有壳幔岩浆混合的特点。对黄门川花岗闪长岩体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,结果表明该花岗闪长岩体的年龄为440.5Ma±4.4Ma,形成于早志留世。地球化学特征表明,黄门川花岗闪长岩体属于中钾钙碱性系列,具I型花岗岩的特征。构造环境判别表明其形成于安第斯型大陆边缘弧。综合区域地质背景,认为祁连造山带东端在早古生代期间发育有有限洋盆,洋盆向北俯冲消减产生大量弧岩浆岩。对进一步研究祁连与秦岭造山带构造交接部位早古生代的构造格局、演化等大陆动力学问题具有重要意义。     

Chemical indexes of Paleoproterozoic sedimentary rocks from Liaohe Group,North China Craton:Implications for paleoclimate and provenance

Paleoproterozoic supracrustal materials have been widely identified in North China Craton, such as the Liaohe-, Hutuo-and Lyuliang groups. The Liaohe Group in the eastern part of the North China Craton is dominated by deformed and metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic successions. Compared with that of the coeval volcanic rocks, geochemistry of the sedimentary rocks from the Liaohe Group has rarely been studied in detail, which can possibly provide information on the paleoclimate and provenance. The authors analyzed the whole-rock and detrital zircon geochemistry of sedimentary rocks from the Liaohe Group against a uniform process and proposed their different ways of paleoweathering of the lower and upper formations. That is to say, although the lower and upper formations within the Liaohe Group might be derived from the similar source composition in a tectonically active setting, the paleoclimate that they experienced was not exactly the same. The predominant derivations are the Paleoproterozoic granitoids and basalts within the Liaohe Group, with minor input of Archean continental crust. This study highlights the contributions of the Paleoproterozoic mafic sources, which has been generally overlooked in the previous researches.     

基于能量原理的阻尼器隔震结构地震响应预测

建立在地震作用下设置阻尼器的基础隔震结构在最大地震响应时刻的能量平衡方程,给出了结构隔震支座和阻尼器的能量表达式,演算了基于能量平衡的设置阻尼器的基础隔震结构的地震响应预测式.选用人工地震波和天然地震波,利用时程分析法的解析值验证了地震响应预测式的精度,比较研究了仅设置粘性阻尼器和同时设置粘性阻尼器和滞回阻尼器的基础隔震结构的抗震性能.研究表明:对于不同的输入地震波,能量法的地震响应预测值包络了多数时程分析的结果,能较好地预测基础隔震结构的地震响应值.在基础隔震结构设计中,建议在隔震层同时设置粘性阻尼器和滞回阻尼器,粘性阻尼器的阻尼比在0.3 ～0.4之间.