西沙群岛海产蓝藻的研究 Ⅴ

本文继续报道我国西沙群岛海产色球藻目 Chroococcales 的十种蓝藻,隶于三科六属，有八种是我国海产蓝藻的新记录,它们是:铜锈微囊藻 Microcystis aeruginosa Kuetzing,小形色球藻 Chroococcus minor ( Kuetzing) Naegeli,湖沼色球藻盐泽变种 C. limneticus Lemm.var. subsalsus Lemm,易变色球藻 C.varius A.Braun,膜状色球藻C. membraninus ( Meneghini) Naegeli,圆胞束球藻 Gomphasphaeria aponina Kuetzing,附钙管鞘藻 Hormathonema epilithicum Ercegovic 和透明拟丝藻 Johannesbaptistia pellucida ( Dickie) Taylor at Drouet。其中透明拟丝藻形态特征独特,这对于蓝藻类的研究,特别是研究从色球藻目进化到丝状蓝藻类的系统演化具有重要价值,早已为藻类学家们所重视。该种也是我国海产蓝藻属的新记录。 迄今为止,藻类学家们一致认为色球藻目是蓝藻门 Cyanophyta 中最原始、最低级的类群,其植物体最简单,大都是单细胞或简单的群体,而且都十分微小,常被肥厚的胶质鞘所包埋,这就使该目蓝藻能适应复杂的自然环境。所以,在地质学和古生物学的研究中它已引起许多学者的注意。有关该目海产种类的分类研究,我国仅有少数报道,这方面的工作还有待深入。     

温度、pH对缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)消化酶活力的影响

本文研究了温度、pH对缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta(Lamarck))三种主要消化酶(蛋白酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶)活力的影响。结果表明：当温度在5～75℃之间时，蛋白酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶的最适温度分别为为55℃、45℃和65℃；在不同的pH范围内，蛋白酶的最适PH值为9．2，淀粉酶的最适PH值为6．3和7．7，纤维素酶的最适PH值为5．2。缢蛏的淀粉酶和蛋白酶活力较大，纤维素酶活力极微。     

合浦珠母贝敌害生物嵌线螺的生物防治初探

从海南岛三亚海区11种常见的肉食性腹足类中，筛选出2种能捕食嵌线螺Cymatium但不危害合浦珠母贝Pinctada martensii的物种；织锦芋螺Conus textile和方斑东风螺Bab-ylonia areolata。将这2种腹足类作为嵌线螺的生物防治物种，对防止嵌线螺危害合浦珠母贝具有良好作用，但在珍珠贝养殖生产中将织锦芋螺作为嵌线螺的生物防治物种时，需要解决防逃问题，若将方斑东风螺作为嵌线螺生物防治物种，则需解决其生存的饵料问题。     

石斑鱼鱼虱病的研究──Ⅰ.南海鱼虱,新种Caligus nanhaiensis n.sp.

记述华南地区网箱养殖石斑鱼鱼虱病病原──南海鱼虱，新种Caligusnanhaiensisnsp．形态的光镜和电镜观察结果，并对南海鱼虱与相似种C．seriolaeYamaguti，1936和C.tanagoYamaguti，1939的形态特征进行详细比较。     

SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACE PROCESS OF HEAVY METALS IN THE CHANGJIANG ESTUARYKINETICS OF ADSORPTION OF Pb, Cu AND Cd ON HFO

The adsorption kinetics of Pb, Cu and Cd on hydrous ferrk oxide (HFO) has been approached in tthe simulated environmental conditions of the Changjiang Estuary. The forward adsorption rate constants of different systems under different temperatures have been determined, and the activation energies of the adsorption for Pb and Cu evaluated (Pb=7 kcal/mol, Cu= 11 kcal/mol). The results show that Pb and Cu are strongly adsorbed by HFO; the order of their adsorption rate is found to be Pb≥Cu≥Cd, which follows thte order of their theonody-namic equilibrium constants. It has been demonstrated that the surface exchange-adsorption is the determining step of the solid-liquid interface process. The field investigation results are theoretically explained by the kinetic mechanism.     

台湾海峡隧道工程的若干工程地质问题与选线方案探讨

对台湾海峡的地质状况了进行了分析，作者认为，台湾海峡的工程地质条件复杂，地震、活动断裂、岩土体稳定性、海底底床活动性等是隧道工程将遇到的主要工程地质问题。隧道的线路选择应进行全面、深入的技术、经济比较。平潭至新竹和厦门经澎湖至嘉义海滨是两个可选的隧道线路方案。     

Mach Effect of Oblique Nonlinear Irregular Waves Interacting with Vertical Walls

Based on Hong‘s theory, previous random models, and a generalized expression suitable for FIT calculation, the interaction between irregular waves and vertical walls is numerically simulated. The results of simulation demonstrate that the wave energy changes with the incidence angle and the distance from the wall. Particularly, the Mach effect and the combined wave spectrum characteristics are analyzed in detail, which are significant in both theory and practice.     

Dissipation source function and an improvement to LAGFD-WAM model

In this paper, a new theoretical expression of dissipation term is presented on the basis of statistical model of breaking wave, which is an improvement to LAGFD-WAM wave model. The computational results in three typical wind fields show a good improvement to LAGFD-WAM model and a better accuracy in comparison with the observed data in the South China Sea.     

一种推广的缓坡方程

从流体力学基本方程出发，假定水流的涡量和垂向流速分量小量，推导出考虑非均匀水流的推广的缓坡方程，该方程中包含了△h^2h项和（△hh)^2项。在方程中引入底摩擦项、风能输入项和非线性项，其中风能输入项的推导考虑了风浪与涌浪的区别，风流情况依据青岛海洋大学的风浪成长经验关系，涌浪情况依据Snyder等人的观测结果。经过上述推广后，得到综合考虑折射、绕射、反射、非均匀水流、底摩擦损耗、风能输入及波浪非线性的推广的缓坡方程。     

山溪性可冲性强潮河口曹娥江高水位初步研究

应用多年的实测资料 ,分析了曹娥江河口高水位成因 ,结果表明 ,曹娥江河口洪水位具有山溪性和可冲性的特点 ,人类活动对高水位有较大影响。应用统计分析法和成因分析法推求 1 %设计高水位 ,讨论了成因分析法中上、下边界条件的选取 ,其选取原则对其他潮汐河口确定设计高水位具有借鉴意义