舱体式防渔拖海床基的研制和应用

介绍了一种新型舱体式防渔拖海床基,可布放在200m以浅海域进行长期、定点、连续、综合观测。该型海床基由坐底平台、浮体仪器舱和释放器等配件组成,可以搭载多种观测传感器进行多学科综合观测。同时,针对该型海床基设计了安全有效的布放回收方法。通过实际海上应用,结果表明舱体式防渔拖海床基具有长时间自动观测、隐蔽性好及有效防渔拖等优点,可实现对海洋环境的长期综合观测。     

Wave boundary layers in rough turbulent flow

A one-layer time-invariant eddy viscosity model is specified to develop a mathematical model for describing the essential features of the turbulent wave boundary layer over a rough bed. The functional form of the eddy viscosity is evaluated based on a modified one-equation turbulence model in which the eddy viscosity varies in time and space. The present eddy viscosity model simplifies much of the mathematical complexity in many existing models. Predictions from the present model have been compared favorably with a wide range of experimental data. It is found that the eddy viscosity model adopted in the present study is physically reasonable.     

福建省5级地震的气候前兆

本文通过相关统计事实,初步探讨了福建5级地震前期的气象异常,提出了“气压、气温和雨量”模式,发现一次中强震前的1～3a间,先出现大面积降压和最高气温的异常增温,后出现大面积的干旱。这一时序演变,似可作为一次完整的孕震过程的气象前兆而用于中长期地震预报。     

Genetical study on the parthenogenesis in Laminaria japonica

The parthenogenesis and natural doubling of chromosomes in wild type female gametophytes of Laminaria japonica were studied. The results indicate that not all the female gametophytes from the wild type hybrid parent can propagate through parthenogenesis. Most parthenosporophytes can mature, their spores germinate into gametophytes, the latter then developed into female sporophytes. To form these parthenosporophytes the natural doubling of chromosomes occurred mainly at the first and second cell divisions of the spores. It is thus considered that the parthenogenesis of L. japonica is inheritable and the relative genes link closely with the genes controlling the natural doubling of chromosomes and the female determination.     

土工格栅加筋珊瑚砂的强度及变形特性试验研究

珊瑚岛礁钙质砂作为海洋工程建设的主要原材料,具有碳酸钙含量高、多孔隙、颗粒易破碎等特征。为了进一步提高海洋工程建设中岩土构筑物的强度及稳定性,采用土工格栅加筋珊瑚砂是一种潜在的有效手段。通过一系列的室内三轴压缩试验,探究土工格栅加筋层数、初始含水率、围压等因素对加筋珊瑚砂强度及变形特性的影响。研究发现：格栅加筋能够明显地改善珊瑚砂的力学性能,随着格栅层数的增加,加筋珊瑚砂整体的强度逐渐上升,偏应力-应变关系总体呈现硬化趋势,侧向的鼓胀变形得到明显改善;似黏聚力随着格栅层数增加近似呈线性递增,内摩擦角轻微降低;随着初始含水率的增加,格栅加筋珊瑚砂的强度呈轻微衰减趋势,似黏聚力变化不大,但内摩擦角相比干砂最大下降了约4°;三轴应力状态下的格栅加筋珊瑚砂颗粒破碎受围压影响较大,低于400k Pa围压下的相对破碎率主要在3%以内。此外,基于格栅与珊瑚砂相互作用特征,考虑并计算得到格栅产生的侧向与轴向附加应力,研究结果进一步丰富了对格栅加筋珊瑚砂机制的认识。     

A fuzzy neural network bagging ensemble forecasting model for 72-h forecast of low-temperature chilling injury

Natural Hazards - On the basis of the daily temperature and precipitation data of Guangxi and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and forecast field data, the paper aims to determine the significant...     

荔枝越冬期间冠层气温与大气温度关系的初步分析

基于野外实测数据,按晴天、阴天、雨天、多云到晴等天气类型,分析2007/2008年、2008/2009年冬季荔枝果园大气温度、冠层气温与观测站大气温度的变化关系,结果表明:晴天荔枝冠层温度昼夜变化最为剧烈,多云到晴天气次之,阴天和雨天冠层大气温度变化相对平缓;果园和观测站大气温度昼夜变化同样与天气类型有关.按天气类型分别建立的观测站与荔枝冠层之间的夜间、白天和全天大气温度线性、曲线回归关系模型表明:阴天和雨天模型效果好于多云到晴、晴天天气,夜间模型好于全天和白天.这一结果对应用观测站大气温度开展荔枝寒害冻害监测有参考作用.     

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Developing a sustainable indicator system based on the pressure–state–response framework for local fisheries: A case study of Gungliau,Taiwan

To sustain fishery development and ensure the supply of fish, the role that a sustainable development indicator system plays in the evaluation of fishery management performance is becoming increasingly important. A sustainable indicator system based on the Pressure–State–Response (PSR) framework was developed for local fisheries in Gungliau, Taiwan, between 1995 and 2003. Factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis were also applied to aggregate indicators and analyse the linkage of indicators. The most serious problem facing fishery system in Gungliau is conflicting local and higher levels of enforcement that result in the problems of effort, harvest and fleet age composition related to the pressure component. Fishery resources and the state of ecosystem were also affected by marine environmental change, especially by El Ñino. Consequently, fishermen adjusted their effort and investment to the variation of Fishery resources, leading Gungliau fisheries to unsustainability.