基于插件技术的湖南气象服务平台设计与实现

为达到整合省级气象服务数据资源、统一气象服务出口的目标,推动气象数据产品在防灾减灾和公共服务中的高效应用,基于Spring Cloud云架构,采用软件插件(Plugin)、WEB服务(WebService)等技术研发了湖南气象服务平台。本文详细介绍了此平台的分层模型和功能结构,以及所采用的多源气象数据融合处理、基于微服务的气象数据并行处理、基于可缩放矢量图形(Scalable Vector Graphics, SVG)的气象数据矢量化和数据安全交互等关键技术方法。此平台通过天擎获取气象数据产品,统一加工处理后封装为数据插件、图形插件和行业插件,通过标准接口提供观测资料、预报预警、卫星云图、雷达拼图等产品,基于气象数字对象标识符(Meteorological Digital Object Identifier, MOID)保障气象数据产品服务过程的安全性。此平台的气象服务插件已应用于湖南省应急管理厅、自然资源厅、水利厅等单位的业务系统。应用结果表明：此平台的插件服务模式适应C/S客户端、WEB网站、移动APP等不同类型的气象服务需求,实现了气象数据服务的统一管理、高效加工和规范应用,提升...     

天津建设北方国际航运中心政策评价——基于PMC指数模型

文章以北方国际航运中心相关政策为研究对象,从其作用机理出发,通过Python脚本实现高频词提取,构建了适用于北方国际航运中心政策的PMC评价指标体系,对其中6项具有代表性的专项政策进行实证分析。结果表明,天津市委出台的政策的PMC指数略高于国务院出台政策;政策作用对象与政策内容间存在正相关性;虽然目前北方国际航运中心政策均处于良好级别且随时间推移得分呈现上升趋势,但仍存在港城联动性不足、保障措施不足、政策作用的具体对象不完善等问题。基于以上问题,提出增强港城联动性、优化政策保障措施、细化政策应用对象等相应的政策建议,以期进一步完善国际航运中心政策内容。     

江苏省海上风电用海项目调查

为加强对海上风电项目的用海管理,规范海上风电产业的用海活动,促进海域空间资源的科学合理开发利用,文章采用海上风电用海权属、风机遥感影像解译和海上风电用海项目核查的数据,以2016年年底为时间节点,对江苏省海上风电用海项目的确权管理、疑似疑点疑区、项目承担企业和项目运营情况进行调查,并根据调查结果提出存在的问题和建议。研究结果表明:江苏省共确权海上风电用海项目44个,已建设40个,总建设面积为6 712.91hm~2;疑似疑点疑区海上风电用海项目有26个;项目承担企业主要包括华能国际电力股份有限公司等;已建成投产并网的海上风电用海项目有29个,总投资额近293亿元,年发电量约50kW·h,年产出额近34亿元;目前海上风电用海项目主要存在未取得海域证、部分风机偏离原批复界址范围和规划布局不合理的问题,未来应坚持保护优先和适度开发原则、规范项目管理、优化规划布局以及加强动态监测。     

Bottom water temperature measurements in the South China Sea,eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean

文章报道了一批新的海底底水温度(BWT)数据,其中南海(SCS)158个站位、东印度洋(EIO)30个站位及西太平洋(WPO)37个站位。基于这批新的BWT数据,获得南海和西太平洋海域底水温度与水深经验关系,可为地球物理和物理海洋提供准确、可靠的海底温度边界。这将有助于海底油气资源调查与评估。同时,这批实测数据表明:1)水深超过3500m的海域,其底水温度在南海约为2.47℃,比东印度洋(～1.34℃)和西太平洋(～1.60℃)稍微偏高。这与大洋传送带模式所预测的情况比较吻合。该模式认为:低温高盐的海水,从北大西洋格陵兰岛和冰岛附近海域下沉到深层,然后向南流动,再与南极洲周围海域的低温高盐海水一同向北进入印度洋和太平洋。而南海是一个相对比较封闭的热带边缘海,其内部海水与印度洋和菲律宾海交换有限,导致海水温度整体高于印度洋和太平洋。2)台西南盆地水深在2700～3000m的部分站位,其底水温高达约3.00℃,明显高于其周边同水深海域底水温度(平均值约为2.33℃)。这可能是台西南盆地海底水热活动导致的结果。3)在东印度洋和西太平洋水深超过4800m海域,底水温度随着水压增大稍有升高,其升高率分别为10.6mK·MPa~(-1)和12.0mK·MPa~(-1)。这与理论估算的深层底水绝热压力温度梯度范围较为吻合。这也意味着东印度洋和西太平洋深层底水,主要由绝热自压作用导致其温度随着深度的增大而升高。     

渔港经济区的金融支持、基础设施建设与产业升级研究

渔港经济区是渔业经济发展的重要载体和依托。由于历史“欠账”较多且金融支持渠道较单一,当前渔港基础设施建设仍很薄弱,难以满足渔港经济区综合发展的需求。为此,文章以“金融支持-基础设施建设-产业升级”的逻辑构想,采用体现投入与产出关系的拓展C-D生产函数,构建反映渔港经济区产业升级进程的六部门模型,实证分析影响渔港经济区产业升级的关键因素之间的效应。研究结果表明：经营性基础设施建设和公益性基础设施建设对产业升级的影响存在差异;金融支持对产业升级的回归结果不显著,金融支持力度薄弱且亟须加强;人力资本效应不显著,无法为区域产业升级提供多元化的劳动力支撑。     

张力腿平台筋腱支撑浮筒结构设计研究

在张力腿平台筋腱与海底桩基连接后,需要筋腱支撑浮筒为筋腱提供足够的浮力,保证筋腱在平台运抵工作海域之前不会发生倾覆。针对南海油田自主研发的张力腿平台筋腱实际尺寸及设计要求,设计了适用于1 061 mm(40英寸)筋腱、500米水深的张力腿平台筋腱支撑浮筒,并对筋腱支撑浮筒主要受力进行了分析计算,根据所计算的载荷情况对关键部件进行了有限元仿真分析,验证了结构强度的可靠性,并得到了结构的应力集中点与最大变形点,为筋腱支撑浮筒的结构设计提供了参考。     

汞矿区稻田土壤汞形态分布特征及对甲基化的影响

汞污染区稻米甲基汞超标现象普遍存在,汞在土壤中的形态分布被认为是影响甲基化过程的重要因素之一.本研究选取贵州省万山废弃汞矿区和土法炼汞区为研究区域,在水稻生长期间对稻田土壤剖面中总汞、甲基汞及形态汞进行测定,结合土壤环境因子指标,讨论土壤汞形态分布特征对甲基化的影响.研究表明,汞矿区稻田土壤中总汞和甲基汞均表现出随土壤...     

Challenges of renewable energy development and deployment in Ghana: perspectives from developers

GeoJournal - Renewable energy is key to the development of Ghana’s power sector especially for the replacement of fossil fuels, which have become much a talk globally for contributing to...     

The 1999 and 2000 eruptions of Mount Cameroon: eruption behaviour and petrochemistry of lava

Mount Cameroon (4,095 m high and with a volume of ~1,200 km³) is one of the most active volcanoes in Africa, having erupted seven times in the last 100 years. This stratovolcano of basanite and hawaiite lavas has an elliptical shape, with over a hundred cones around its flanks and summit region aligned parallel to its NE--SW-trending long axis. The 1999 (28 March–22 April) eruption was restricted to two sites: ~2,650 m (site 1) and ~1,500 m (site 2). Similarly, in the eruption in 2000 (28 May–19 June), activity occurred at two sites: ~4,095 m (site 1) and ~3,300 m (site 2). During both eruptions, the higher vents were more explosive, with strombolian activity, while the lower vents were more effusive. Accordingly, most of the lava (~8×10⁷ m³ in 1999 and ~6×10⁶ m³ in 2000) was emitted from the lower sites. The 1999–2000 lavas are predominantly basanites with low Ni (5–79 ppm), Cr (40–161 ppm) and mg numbers (34–40). Olivine (Fo_77–85, phenocrysts and Fo_68–72, microlites), clinopyroxene (Wo₄₇En₄₁Fs₁₀ to Wo₅₁En₃₄Fs₁₅), plagioclase (An_49–67) and titanomagnetite are the principal phenocryst and groundmass phases. The lavas contain xenocrysts of olivine and clinopyroxene, which are interpreted as fragments of intrusive rocks disrupted by magma ascent. Major and trace element characteristics point to early fractionation of olivine. The clinopyroxenes (Al₂O₃ 1.36–7.83 wt%) have high Al^iv/Al^vi ratios (1.3–1.8) and are rich in TiO₂, characteristics typical of low pressure clinopyroxenes. Geochemical differences between the 1999–2000 lavas and those from previous eruptions, such as higher Nb/Zr of the former, suggest that different eruptions discharged magmas that evolved differently in space and time. Geophysical and petrological data indicate that these fractionated magmas originated just below the geophysical Moho (at 20–22 km) in the lithospheric mantle. During ascent, the magmas disrupted intrusions and earlier magma pockets. The main ascent path is below the summit, where newly arrived magma degasses. Degassed magma simultaneously intrudes the flank rift zones where most lava is extruded.An erratum to this article can be found at     

Spatial Variation of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Soils of Riparian Wetlands and Responses to Hydro-geomorphologic Changes in Sanjiang Plain,China

Spatial variation of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in soils of riparian wetlands and responses to hydro-geomorphologic changes in the Sanjiang Plain were analyzed through in situ collecting soil samples in the Naoli River and the Bielahong River. The results showed that the average contents of DOC for soil layer of 0–100 cm were 730.6 mg/kg, 250.9 mg/kg, 423.0 mg/kg and 333.1 mg/kg respectively from riverbed to river terrace along the transverse directions of the Naoli watershed. The content of the soil DOC was the highest in the riverbed, lower in the high floodplain and much lower in the river terrace, and it was the lowest in the low floodplain. The difference in the content and vertical distribution of DOC between the riverbed and the three riparian wetlands was significant, while it was not significant among the low floodplain, the high floodplain and the river terrace. The variability of soil DOC was related to the hydrological connectivity between different landscape position of the riparian wetlands and the adjacent stream. Extremely significant correlations were observed between DOC and total organic carbon(TOC), total iron(TFe), ferrous iron(Fe(II)) whose correlation coefficients were 0.819, –0.544 and –0.709 in riparian wetlands of the Naoli River. With the increase of wetland destruction, soil p H increased and soil DOC content changed. The correlation coefficients between soil DOC and TOC, TFe, Fe(II) also changed into 0.759, –0.686 and –0.575 respectively in the Bielahong River. Under the impact of drainage ditches, the correlations between soil DOC and TFe, Fe(II) were not obvious, while the soil p H was weakly alkaline and was negatively correlated with soil DOC in the previous high floodplain. It indicates that riparian hydro-geomorphology is the main factor that could well explain this spatial variability of soil DOC, and the agricultural environmental hydraulic works like ditching also must be considered.