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181.
绿洲演变及其调控因素初析 总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33
绿洲是荒漠区适宜多种生物共同生息繁衍的地域。它通过人为干扰、气候波动和构造活动等因素的变化调控而发生演变。构造活动对绿洲演变的影响具有空间差异性和时间滞后性;气候波动则表现为区域相对一致性, 随时间发展的渐变性和过程的复杂性;人为干扰无论是空间上还是时段上都有很强的局限性, 但其发展迅速和时空不稳定性(社会原因)成为影响绿洲演变的调控因素, 同时也是人工干预绿洲演变, 实施永序管理的重要途径。 相似文献
182.
J. J. Álvaro E. Vennin A. Muñoz B. Sánchez-Valverde J. L. Ojeda 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2000,89(2):366-376
The stratigraphy of carbonate/shale couplets, cycles and cycle-stacking patterns in a Cambrian shallow water platform (Iberian
Chains, NE Spain) are related to sea-level changes driven by orbital forcing and by tectonic pulses. The interplay of both
effects can be discriminated in the Iberian fault-controlled platform, in which the tectonic activity can be analysed by accurate
and detailed biostratigraphic correlations based on trilobite zonation. The stratigraphic hierarchy of rhythmically interbedded
limestones and shales, in two coeval but structurally separated geodynamic settings, yields cycle ratios of 1.44 :1. This
ratio is supported by time thickness and spectral analysis, which is based on a graphic method of analysis: the Map of Grey
Lines. The cycle ratio seems to be evidence for orbital forcing by obliquity and precession cycles predicted for early Paleozoic
time. Carbonate/shale couplets, the smallest rhythmic units recognisable in the field, represent short-term, periodic fluctuations
in supply of terrigenous sediments and carbonate productivity of uncertain origin, which could be associated with one of several
harmonics of the former orbital cycles. The pulsating tectonic activity was approximated by using a quantitative analysis
of tectonically induced subsidence (Shaw method). Recurrence frequencies of tectonic pulses were estimated and dated by biostratigraphy.
As a result, tectonic disturbances in the Cambrian Iberian platform show an episodic periodicity comparable to that of orbital
eccentricity cycles, which could mask their recognition.
Received: 15 November 1999 / Accepted: 9 February 2000 相似文献
183.
二滩库区蓄水前地震活动本底研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
牟雅元 《地震地磁观测与研究》2000,21(2):25-28
1991年 7月建成投测的二滩水库地震遥测台网 ,经过 7年的连续运行 ,为我们提供了宝贵的第一手资料。笔者根据这些地震记录资料 ,用多种地震学方法进行分析研究后发现 ,该区域内 1~ 2级地震是库区主要的地震活动 ;小震活动基本上符合 G- R震级频度关系式 ,正常背景下的平均 b值为 0 .58;1 .5级以上地震的平均月频度为 9次 ;其能量累计蠕变也具有较好的稳定增长关系 ;地震活动的时空分布与库区几条主要断裂有一定关系。可将它们作为研究蓄水后地震活动的参照本底 相似文献
184.
A Mu?oz-Barbosa E A Gutiérrez-Galindo G Flores-Mu?oz 《Marine environmental research》2000,49(2):123-144
Samples of Mytilus californianus were analyzed to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of Ag, Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn concentrations on the northwest coast of Baja California and to compare the results with levels reported for California, USA. The samples were collected at eight sites from the US-Mexican border to San Quintín, BC (300 km south of the border) in February and July 1982 and 1994. During both years, north-south gradients in the concentration of Ag and Pb were observed, with the highest values close to the US-Mexican border (Ag = 0.60-1.54 and Pb = 0.21-2.89 micrograms g-1) and the lowest in the southern part of the study area (Ag = 0.05-0.10 and Pb = not detectable-0.03 microgram g-1). The Ag and Pb gradients suggest that their distributions are affected by anthropogenic activities close to the US-Mexican border. South-north gradients in the concentration of Cd (minimum = 0.59-2.16 and maximum = 2.61-12.93 micrograms g-1), for both 1982 and 1994, were observed. The geographic annual means of Pb for California (average of six stations along the entire state) were significantly higher than those of this study (average of the eight sampling sites) in 1982 and 1994. Cu in California was significantly greater than that of this study only in 1994. Cluster analyses on all metals indicate three similar geographic zones in 1982 and 1994, suggesting a relative consistency in the processes that determine the spatial variability of the concentration of some metals in M. californianus on the northwest coast of Baja California. 相似文献
185.
Metallothioneins (MTs) are small, cysteine-rich proteins which detoxify xenobiotic metals such as cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg). In crustaceans and mammals they consist of two independent domains which are folded around metal-thiolate clusters. MT clusters of different origins, exhibiting distinct, highly conserved cysteine positions on their sequences, show differences in metal-cysteine coordination and reactivity. Lobster-MT, containing two Cd3 beta domains, is an important model for structure-function relationships among the clusters. The influence of (1) the position of the cysteine residues and (2) steric and electrostatic effects of neighboring amino acids on the folding and stability of MT cluster were investigated. Thus, the native lobster beta C and beta N domains (each having nine cysteines and binding three M2+ ions) and a modified domain Cd3 beta C-->N, in which the cysteines of the C-terminal domain were relocated to match the positions of those in the N-terminal domain, were chemically prepared and characterized. The synthetic native domains (Cd3 beta C and Cd3 beta N) were found to exhibit spectroscopic properties, metal-binding affinities and kinetic reactivity similar to the holo-protein. However, the modified Cd3 beta C-->N domain was unusually reactive and in the presence of Chelex, metal chelation resin, aggregated to a Cd5(beta C-->N)2 dimer, which exhibited unusual structure as observed by its 113Cd-nuclear magnetic resonance. These differences in structure and reactivity demonstrated that the requirements for formation of a stable Cd3S9 beta-cluster are more stringent than simply the sequential positions of the cysteines along the peptide chain and must include interactions involving neighboring, noncysteine amino acids. 相似文献
186.
187.
僧帽牡蛎二倍体和三倍体卵母细胞发育的超微结构比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文利用电子显微镜技术观察僧帽牡蛎二倍体和三倍体初级卵母细胞发育过程中细胞和细胞器的超微结构变化,结果表明:二倍体和三倍体卵母细胞发育差异明显。在卵黄形成期,二倍体卵母细胞呈椭圆形,细胞核呈伪足状突起,核仁呈颗粒状聚合体,细胞器多发达,合成卵黄粒我,细胞膜外有生绒毛,卵母细胞生物合成旺盛、代谢活动强;而三倍体卵母细胞大都呈不规则形状,该仁小、致密,细胞器少且不发达,卵黄粒少,细胞膜外无微绒毛,卵母细胞生物合成及代谢弱。 相似文献
188.
沉积盆地与近断层地震共同作用会增加地震破坏的风险水平,尤其是盆地下方直下型断层发震情况。采用动力学震源模型刻画断层破裂发震过程,开展沉积盆地直下型断层谱元法地震动模拟研究,探讨不同断层面初始剪应力和成核区位置下三维沉积盆地地表响应规律。研究结果表明,断层面应力降对盆地地表地震动的影响显著,在断层面强度一定的情况下,随着初始剪应力的增大,即应力降增大,盆地地表峰值响应增大,原因在于应力降的改变影响了断层破裂释放能量,进而引起断层破裂速度改变,最终导致盆地地表响应发生变化;改变断层面成核区位置会对盆地内部地震动分布规律产生影响,当成核区位置从断层中间向断层左侧移动时,盆地左侧地震动逐渐减小,而右侧地震动逐渐增大,最终表现为盆地右侧地震动显著高于盆地左侧,原因在于改变成核区位置后,导致近断层地震动的方向性效应发生变化。 相似文献
189.
Anqi Wang Debin Yang Haotian Yang Maosong Mu Yikang Quan Leran Hao Wenliang Xu 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(3):343-357
Mesozoic sedimentary units within the Nanzhao and Mashiping basins record the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the Qinling Orogen (QO). This study uses... 相似文献
190.