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The analysis of infiltration of 2D trickle irrigation under multiple‐line sources, governed by the celebrated Richards equation, is performed, aiming at determining the efficiency of trickle irrigation so as to reduce the water demand. A closed‐form solution is explicitly obtained by utilizing the Fourier integral transformation, and this serves as a means to compute the distribution of volumetric water content during trickle irrigation. Results for the infiltration of 2D trickle irrigation under single line and multiple‐line sources are presented, which illustrate the distribution of infiltration water that diffuses into the soil, and make it possible to calculate the period of time required for trickle irrigation for different plants. The results can be applied to verify complicated solutions from other numerical models. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
93.
与圆颗粒的标准砂相比较,片状结构的砂的动力特性更为复杂,用规范法进行液化判别时会误判。为了将砂土片状结构特性考虑到判别过程中,建议了一个更为合理的Ncr 的经验公式,并利用该公式对南京地铁玄武门-南京站区间的砂土层进行液化判别,该区间会发生中等程度为主的液化,最后,将液化判别结果与规范法和室内动力实验结果相比较,分析发现,在南京地铁进行液化判别时,必须考虑片状结构特性对于液化影响;同时,给出了平均液化势随深度的变化情况,以及考虑砂土结构特性对判别结果的影响系数随土层深度的关系,提高了判别的精度。 相似文献
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E. M. Blanter J.-L. Le Mouél M. G. Shnirman V. Courtillot 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2011,440(1):1316-1319
This paper describes seasonal peculiarities of modern climate warming in the European region. It is shown that warming scenarios
considerably differ in cold and warm periods of the year. The warming is accompanied with growth and considerable change in
the phase of the yearly cycle in solarity data. A strong half-year cycle is recognized in seasonal variation of long-term
trends over the last few years. Peculiarities of climate change in Europe and the increased influence of the tropics are discussed
in view of the results obtained. 相似文献
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采用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)技术分析了香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis)养殖群体的遗传多样性,并筛选性别特异性分子标记。结果表明,15对选扩引物组合共扩增到889个位点,其中多态性位点380个,多态率为42.74%;群体Nei氏遗传多样性指数为0.1454,Shannon氏指数I为0.2174。香鱼养殖群体的遗传多样性较丰富,处于中等偏上水平。仅引物组合E-ATG/M-CTG扩增到1条雄性特异性条带,长度为139bp。以该雄性特异性AFLP条带的DNA序列为模板,设计1对特异的PCR引物并在10尾已知性别的香鱼(雌雄各5尾)中扩增检验,结果显示5尾雄鱼均可扩增到目的条带而5尾雌鱼均无扩增。表明该序列是雄性特异性分子标记,可用于鉴别香鱼的遗传性别,并为香鱼的性别决定机制和性别控制研究奠定基础。 相似文献
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Graham Vixie Jason W. Barnes Jacob Bow Stéphane Le Mouélic Sébastien Rodriguez Robert H. Brown Priscilla Cerroni Federico Tosi Bonnie Buratti Christophe Sotin Gianrico Filacchione Fabrizio Capaccioni Angioletta Coradini 《Planetary and Space Science》2012,60(1):52-61
Titan shows its surface through many methane windows in the 1–5 region. Windows at shorter wavelengths also exist, polluted by scattering off of atmospheric haze that reduces the surface contrast. At visible wavelengths, the surface of Titan has been observed by Voyager I, the Hubble Space Telescope, and ground-based telescopes. We present here global surface mapping of Titan using the visible wavelength channels from Cassini's Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS). We show global maps in each of the VIMS-V channels extending from 0.35 to 1.05 . We find methane windows at 0.637, 0.681, 0.754, 0.827, 0.937, and and apply an RGB color scheme to the 0.754, 0.827 and windows to search for surface albedo variations. Our results show that Titan appears gray at visible wavelengths; hence scattering albedo is a good approximation of the Bond albedo. Maps of this genre have already been made and published using the infrared channels of VIMS. Ours are the first global maps of Titan shortward of . We compare the older IR maps to the new VIMS-V maps to constrain surface composition. For instance Tui Regio and Hotei Regio, referred to as bright spots in previous papers, do not distinguish themselves at all visible wavelengths. The distinction between the dune areas and the bright albedo spots, however, such as the difference between Xanadu and Senkyo, is easily discernible. We employ an empirically derived algorithm to remove haze layers from Titan, revealing a better look at the surface contrast. 相似文献
100.
In this study, a linear poroviscoelastic model based on the Biot theory is proposed to analyze the dynamic response of partially saturated soil. Both the flow-dependent and flow-independent poroviscoelastic behaviors are described in the proposed model. The compressibilities of both the constituents, including the skeleton material and porefluid, are considered, and the effective skeleton stress is determined using the linear viscoelasticity law based on the generalized spring-dashpot model. The soil surface is subjected to two types of harmonic loading, namely, vertical compressive loading and lateral shear loading. The influences of the relaxation time, saturation degree, and soil permeability on the surface and interior dynamic responses of the soil layer are investigated. It is revealed that the amplification factor, effective stress, and pore pressure decrease as the viscous damping increases, indicating that neglecting the viscoelastic property of solid skeleton could overestimate the induced dynamic responses. Furthermore, in comparison with the viscous damping of the solid skeleton, the viscous coupling involving the viscous resisting forces between the solid skeleton and pore fluid has limited effect on the dynamic behavior of the soil layer. 相似文献