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81.
V. Yu. Prokof’ev N. S. Bortnikov V. A. Kovalenker S. F. Vinokurov L. D. Zorina A. D. Chernova S. G. Kryazhev A. N. Krasnov S. A. Gorbacheva 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2010,52(2):81-113
The chemistry, REE patterns, and carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonates from ore veins of the Darasun deposit
are discussed. In addition to the earlier described siderite, calcite, and carbonates of the dolomite-ankerite series, kutnahorite
is identified. The total REE content in Fe-Mg carbonates of the dolomite-ankerite series (2.8–73 ppm) is much lower than in
later calcite (18–390 ppm). δ13C of Fe-Mg carbonates and calcite varies from +1.1 to −6.7‰ and from −0.9 to −4.9‰, respectively. δ18O of Fe-Mg carbonates and calcite varies from +17.6 to 3.6‰ and from +15.7 to −0.5‰, respectively. The REE sum and carbon
and oxygen isotopic compositions reveal zonal distribution relative to the central granodiorite porphyry stock. The correlation
between the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and REE sum reflects variations in the physicochemical formation conditions
and composition of ore-forming fluid. The isotopic composition of fluid is calculated, and possible sources of its components
are considered. Earlier established evidence for a magmatic source of ore-forming fluid and participation of meteoric water
in ore formation is confirmed. Geochemical evidence for interaction of ore-forming fluid with host rocks is furnished. The
relationships between the REE sum, on the one hand, and carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of hydrothermal ore-forming
fluid, on the other, are established. 相似文献
82.
Claudio Marchesi William L. Griffin Carlos J. Garrido Jean-Louis Bodinier Suzanne Y. O’Reilly Norman J. Pearson 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2010,159(3):315-330
The western part of the Ronda peridotite massif (Southern Spain) consists mainly of highly foliated spinel-peridotite tectonites
and undeformed granular peridotites that are separated by a recrystallization front. The spinel tectonites are interpreted
as volumes of ancient subcontinental lithospheric mantle and the granular peridotites as a portion of subcontinental lithospheric
mantle that underwent partial melting and pervasive percolation of basaltic melts induced by Cenozoic asthenospheric upwelling.
The Re–Os isotopic signature of sulfides from the granular domain and the recrystallization front mostly coincides with that
of grains in the spinel tectonites. This indicates that the Re–Os radiometric system in sulfides was highly resistant to partial
melting and percolation of melts induced by Cenozoic lithospheric thermal erosion. The Re–Os isotopic systematics of sulfides
in the Ronda peridotites thus mostly conserve the geochemical memory of ancient magmatic events in the subcontinental lithospheric
mantle. Os model ages record two Proterozoic melting episodes at ~1.6 to 1.8 and 1.2–1.4 Ga, respectively. The emplacement
of the massif into the subcontinental lithospheric mantle probably coincided with one of these depletion events. A later metasomatic
episode caused the precipitation of a new generation of sulfides at ~0.7 to 0.9 Ga. These Proterozoic Os model ages are consistent
with results obtained for several mantle suites in Central/Western Europe and Northern Africa as well as with the Nd model
ages of the continental crust of these regions. This suggests that the events recorded in mantle sulfides of the Ronda peridotites
reflect different stages of generation of the continental crust in the ancient Gondwana supercontinent. 相似文献
83.
84.
Sushant S Naik Meloth Thamban A Rajakumar Witty D’Souza C M Laluraj Arun Chaturvedi 《Journal of Earth System Science》2010,119(1):41-49
Ice and firn core studies provide one of the most valuable tools for understanding the past climate change. In order to evaluate the temporal isotopic variability recorded in ice and its relevance to environmental changes, stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen were studied in a firn core from coastal Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. The annual δ 18O profile of the core shows a close relation to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. The ENSO indices show significant correlation with the surface air temperatures and δ 18O values of this region during the austral summer season and support an additional influence related to the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The correlation between the combined ENSO-SAM index and the summer δ 18O record seems to have been caused through an atmospheric mechanism. Snow accumulation in this region illustrates a decreasing trend with opposite relationships with δ 18O data and surface air temperature prior and subsequent to the year 1997. A reorganization of the local water cycle is further indicated by the deuterium excess data showing a shift around 1997, consistent with a change in evaporation conditions. The present study thus illustrates the utility of ice-core studies in the reconstruction of past climate change and suggests possible influence of climatic teleconnections on the snow accumulation rates and isotopic profiles of snow in the coastal regions of east Antarctica. 相似文献
85.
M. A. Akhmet’ev N. I. Zaporozhets A. I. Iakovleva G. N. Aleksandrova V. N. Beniamovsky T. V. Oreshkina Z. N. Gnibidenko Zh. A. Dolya 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2010,18(6):635-659
The analysis of the main biospheric events that took place in West Siberia and the Arctic region during the Early Paleogene
revealed the paleogeographic and paleobiogeographic unity of marine sedimentation basins and close biogeographic relations
between their separate parts. Most biotic and abiotic events of the first half of the Paleogene in the Arctic region and West
Siberia were synchronous, unidirectional, and interrelated. Shelf settings, sedimentation breaks, and microfaunal assemblages
characteristic of these basins during the Paleogene are compared. The comparative analysis primarily concerned events of the
Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) and beds with Azolla (aquatic fern). The formation of the Eocene Azolla Beds in the Arctic region and West Siberia was asynchronous, although it proceeded in line with a common scenario related
to the development of a system of estuarine-type currents in a sea basin partly isolated from the World Ocean. 相似文献
86.
87.
88.
Yuri N. Zanin Vika G. Eder Al’bina G. Zamirailova Vladimir O. Krasavchikov 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2010,70(4):363-376
Rare-earth elements abundance in black shales of the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian Stage)–Lower Cretaceous (Berriassian Stage) Bazhenov Formation is discussed. This formation is the principal oil source rocks of West Siberia. The deposits within the formation can be subdivided into two main marine groups: (a) moderately hemipelagic deposits (clayey-siliceous, including phosphatic and carbonate rocks) and low-density distal clayey turbidites (argillites), both are considered as normal and (b) silty argillites and clayey-silt rocks, which are channel deposits and considered as anomalous. The hemipelagic rocks of normal sections, which are enriched in the rare-earth elements (REE), accumulated under both slow rates of sedimentation (clayey-siliceous rocks) and faster rates of sedimentation (argillites). The channel deposits of anomalous sections, which are impoverished in the REE, accumulated exclusively under fast rates of sedimentation.Within the hemipelagic group the rate of sedimentation of the argillites was faster than of the clayey-siliceous rocks, but the REE concentration in the former rocks (140.4 ppm) is higher than in the latter group (97.4 ppm). The argillites are more than twice enriched in clayey material than clayey-siliceous rocks. It is likely that the clay fraction was the main carrier of REE in these rocks. In the channel group of rocks, the REE abundance in clayey-silt rocks (21.2 ppm) is lower than in the silty argillite (84.6 ppm), in which the clay content is elevated.With respect to redox potential the Bazhenov Formation rocks can be subdivided further into three groups, based on the degree of pyritization index (DOP): (1) the highly reducing clayey-siliceous rocks of normal sections, with high DOP; (2) the substantially reducing argillites and carbonate rocks of normal sections, with intermediate DOP; (3) the moderately reducing rocks of anomalous sections with low DOP. The rocks with the high DOP (group 1) are characterized by ΣLREE/Σ(M+H)REE ratios between 7.37 and 7.5, whereas the rocks with the lower DOP (group 2 and 3) are characterized by ΣLREE/Σ(M+H)REE ratios between 12.8 and 13.5. Negative Ce anomalies are either small or absent in all deposits, which is typical for reducing conditions.Thus, the Bazhenov Formation exemplifies the complex depositional conditions that influence the REE concentration in black shale. However, it is this very complexity that has contributed to the development of six separate depositional models (REE contents in ppm are given in brackets). (1) Phosphatic clayey-siliceous rocks of normal sections (367.95); (2) argillites of normal sections (130.73); (3) clayey-siliceous rocks of normal sections (85.97); (4) carbonate rocks, largely dolomites of normal sections (23.23); (5) silty argillites of anomalous sections (78.7) and (6) clayey-silt rocks of anomalous sections (19.66). 相似文献
89.
Jianping?Zheng W.?L.?GriffinEmail author Suzanne?Y.?O’Reilly Fengxiang?Lu Chunmei?Yu Ming?Zhang Huimin?Li 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2004,148(1):79-103
Mafic xenoliths from the Paleozoic Fuxian kimberlites in the North China craton include garnet granulite, and minor pyroxene amphibolite, metagabbro, anorthosite and pyroxenite. The formation conditions of the amphibolites are estimated at 745–820 °C and 7.6–8.8 Kb (25–30 km); the granulites probably are derived from greater depths in the lower crust. LAM-ICPMS U–Pb dating of zircons from four granulites reveals multiple age populations, recording episodes of magmatic intrusion and metamorphic recrystallisation. Concordant ages and upper intercept ages, interpreted as minimum estimates for the time of magmatic crystallisation, range from 2,620 to 2,430 Ma in three granulites, two amphibolites and two metagabbros. Lower intercept ages, represented by near-concordant zircons, are interpreted as reflecting metamorphic recrystallisation, and range from 1,927 to 1,852 Ma. One granulite contains two metamorphic zircon populations, dated at 1,927±55 Ma and 600–700 Ma. Separated minerals from one granulite and one amphibolite yield Sm–Nd isochron ages of 1,619±48 Ma (143Nd/144Nd)i=0.51078), and 1,716±120 Ma (143Nd/144Nd)i=0.51006), respectively. These ages are interpreted as recording cooling following metamorphic resetting; model ages for both samples are in the range 2.40–2.66 Ga. LAM-MC-ICPMS analyses of zircon show a range in 176Hf/177Hf from 0.28116 to 0.28214, corresponding to a range of Hf from –34 to +12. The relationships between 207Pb/206Pb age and Hf show that: (1) the granulites, amphibolites and metagabbro were derived from a depleted mantle source at 2.6–2.75 Ga; (2) zircons in most samples underwent recrystallisation and Pb loss for 100–200 Ma after magmatic crystallisation, consistent with a residence in the lower crust; (3) metamorphic zircons in several samples represent new zircon growth, incorporating Hf liberated from breakdown of silicates with high Lu/Hf; (4) in other samples metamorphic and magmatic zircons have identical 176Hf/177Hf, and the younger ages reflect complete resetting of U–Pb systems in older zircons. The Fuxian mafic xenoliths are interpreted as the products of basaltic underplating, derived from a depleted mantle source in Neoarchean time, an important period of continental growth in the North China craton. Paleoproterozoic metamorphic ages indicate an important tectonic thermal event in the lower crust at 1.8–1.9 Ga, corresponding to the timing of collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks that led to the final assembly of the North China craton. The growth of metamorphic zircon at 600–700 Ma may record an asthenospheric upwelling in Neoproterozoic time, related to uplift and a regional disconformity in the North China craton. 相似文献
90.
We analyze observations of the compact GHZ-peaked-spectrum radio source in the nucleus of the weakly active galaxy NGC 1052,
assuming that the low-frequency turnover in its spectrum is due to synchrotron self-absorption. The analysis is based on a
model for an inhomogeneous source of synchrotron radiation. It is shown that the magnetic field is not uniform, but the change
in the field strength from the center to the edge of the compact radio source does not exceed an order of magnitude. The maximum
magnetic-field strength in the nucleus of NGC 1052 is 20 G < H
⊥ < 200 G, and the density of relativistic electrons is 0.018 cm−3 < n
e
< 0.18 cm−3 on scales of 0.1 pc; everywhere in the radio source, the energy density of the magnetic field exceeds the energy density
of the relativistic electrons. The physical conditions are similar to those in the nuclei of the nearby radio galaxies 3C
111 and 3C 465, and differ strongly from those in the nucleus of the radio galaxy 0108+388, which is a compact GHz-peaked-spectrum
source (these three galaxies were studied by the authors earlier using the same method). 相似文献