用窗口法估计不连续面的连通率

基于不连续面与窗口交切的必需而充分的条件,推导了不连续面迹长、间断长和不连续面连通率的估算公式,通过实例验证了该公式的正确性。     

岩石变形图像分析的计算机统计方法初探

本文利用岩石变形形成的显微构造现象(如压力影、亚颗粒、位错、动态重结晶颗粒等),通过图象分析计算机数理统计方法,来推测地质体变形特征、变形环境、应力状态等。      

Measuring and modeling atmospheric particles and particle bound mercury Hg(p) at five characteristic-sampling sites

The main purpose of this study was to monitor ambient air particles and particulate-bound mercury Hg(p) in total suspended particulates (TSP) concentration, dry deposition at five characteristic-sampling sites. In addition, the calculated/measured dry deposition flux ratios of ambient air particles and particulate-bound mercury Hg(p) using three dry deposition models during the years of 2009–2010 were also studied. The results showed that the order of seasonal variations for mean particulate-bound mercury Hg(p) concentrations in TSP at Bei-shi (suburban/coastal), Chang-hua (downtown) and He-mei (residential) were all shown as spring > fall, winter > summer, respectively. However, the order of seasonal variations mean particulate-bound mercury Hg(p) concentrations in TSP that occurred at Gao-mei (wetland) were shown as spring > fall > winter > summer, respectively. Finally, the results of this study also indicated that using the Noll and Fang model exhibited batten prediction results for ambient air particles and particulate-bound mercury Hg(p) dry deposition when compared with the other depositions models at any of the characteristic-sampling sites for this study.     

试论碳酸盐岩上覆红土的形成模式及演化趋势

据长期对岩溶及红土化作用等的研究成果,本文全面系统地分析了碳酸盐岩上覆红土的形成及演化规律,提出了一个新的碳酸盐岩上覆红土的形成模式,进而深入阐明了碳酸盐岩上覆红土的演化规律及其在现代气候条件下的演化趋势等,在解决岩溶及红土学术界存在的碳酸盐岩上覆红土的形成、碳酸盐岩与上覆红土之间的相互关系及其发展演化规律等一系列重大疑难问题上向前迈进了一步,对相关学科的发展将产生积极的推动作用.     

High lipid content and productivity of microalgae cultivating under elevated carbon dioxide

This study examined the cell growth rate, lipid contents, lipid productivity, chlorophyll a concentration, and carbon dioxide tolerance of Chlorella vulgaris under various cultivation conditions. The pH, concentration of carbon dioxide in media, and light intensity variables were manipulated to obtain high lipid productivity. The optimum conditions were at pH 7.0, 2,930 lux, and 30 % carbon dioxide. Biomass concentration reached 1,288, 1,130, and 1,083 mg L^?1 at 15, 30, and 50 % CO₂ after 6 days, respectively, implying that this strain has appreciable tolerance to carbon dioxide. The highest concentration of chlorophyll a occurred at 2,930 lux and decreased with increasing light intensity gradually. The maximum specific growth rate was 3.25 day^?1 based on the dry weight and 4.63 day^?1 based on the cell number. The lipid content (45.68 %) and lipid productivity (86.03 mg day^?1 L^?1) obtained in this study are higher than reported values in literatures. Hence, C. vulgaris is a good candidate for subsequent research in biodiesel production under elevated carbon dioxide concentration by microalgae.     

武陵源风景区的环境地球化学质量评价

对武陵源风景区的环境地球化学研究表明:本区的有毒有害元素背景含量低,基本无污染,多元素综合评价属清洁区。但人体或生物必须的有益营养元素Cu、Zn、MO、V、Mn、B、P、Sr及组分CaO、K_2O、Fe_2O_3等普遍含量不足,尤以Cu、MO、Zn、Mn等更缺乏,是影响风景区环境质量的重要因素。为此,本文提出了治理保护环境的几点建议。     

强烈气洗作用导致原油成分变化的定量计算:以库车坳陷天然气藏为例

库车坳陷以产天然气为主,同时产出少量原油和凝析油,油气充注不同步,普遍具有"油早气晚"的特点,晚期大量天然气的侵入,必然对早期聚集的油藏发生改造作用。对气藏中原油成分变化的定量计算和讨论,可为天然气的注入强度定量评价提供直接证据。未遭受气洗的原油,正构烷烃摩尔浓度的对数与相应的碳数呈线性关系,而气洗作用可使轻组分的正构烷烃最先溶解于干气中,并随着天然气继续向前运移,原始油藏中的轻组分正构烷烃大大减少。以此为理论基础,建立了正构烷烃损失的定量计算模型。结果表明克拉2构造原油正构烷烃损失程度最高,平均可达70%左右,大北构造带原油正构烷烃损失程度差异较大,与该地区断块发育有关。气洗作用导致原油正构烷烃减少,而金刚烷、多环芳烃等在天然气中溶解度较低的化合物得以浓缩富集,相对含量大大增加。轻芳烃含量也会随之而增加,原油芳香度增加,石蜡度降低。在模拟实验基础上对气洗程度进行了定量评价,初步估算表明,克拉2构造原油遭受的气洗作用最强,是其他构造带的2～5倍。     

Analysis and characterization of the synergistic AIRS and MODIS cloud-cleared radiances

The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and MODerate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua spacecraft measure the upwelling infrared radiance used for numerous remote-sensing- and climate-related applications. AIRS provides high spectral resolution infrared radiances, while MODIS provides collocated high spatial resolution radiances at 16 broad infrared bands. An optimal algorithm for cloud-clearing has been developed for AIRS cloudy soundings at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where the spatially and spectrally collocated AIRS and MODIS data has been used to analyze the characteristic of this algorithm. An analysis and characterization of the global AIRS cloud-cleared radiances using the bias and the standard deviation between the cloud-cleared and the nearby clear measurements are studied. Scene inhomogeneity for both land- and water-surface types has been estimated to account for the assessed error. Both monthly and seasonal changes of global AIRS/MODIS cloud-clearing performance also have been analyzed.     

高温超高压下Ni40Mn30Fe30与叶蜡石反应的研究

本文对Ｎｉ４０Ｍｎ３０Ｆｅ３０合金与在不同焙烧温度下得到的含水叶蜡，在高温超高压下的反应进行了实验研究，温度测至１４２０℃，压是至５．５ＧＰａ，研究了该反应的物质－化学机制，以及反应速率与温度，压力，含水量等参数的关系，对高压下物质迁移运动的固有特征进行了探讨。