THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EFFICACY OF GEOELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY METHOD IN EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION AND SITE CONDITION

INTRODUCTION In the past two decades, field observation, laboratory experiments, and the theoretical studies in the study on earthquake prediction have been carried out in several countries, by using ρ_s method, and valuable results have been achieved. The first geoelectrical resistivity (ρ_s) observatory for earthquake forecasting established at     

1991年7月云南施甸5.0,5.2级地震的预报与对策

1991年7月1日、22日在云南省施甸太平乡先后发生了5.0、5.2级两次中强地震。保山行署地震局曾在震前作出了正确的中、短期预报和震后作了无震预报。本文客观地提供了这次地震前后预报的科学依据、中短期自适应加权定量综合判定模式实际计算结果及一系列对策的实况;同时讨论了孕震区内短临阶段前兆变化的异常特征。     

岩石化探样中微量铀 钍的XRFA法测定

本文提出以粉末样品直接压饼法测定岩石化探样品中的微量U,Th,其方法简便、快速,适用于各类地质样品,尤其是岩石化探样品测量。     

Basalt magmatism along the passive continental margin of SE Brazil (Campos basin)

The SE-Brazil passive continental margin is characterized by tholeiitic magmatism that is particularly widespread in the marginal Campos basin, facing the inland flood basalts of the adjacent Paranà basin. Campos magmatism is represented by Early Cretaceous (EC; 134–122 Ma) flood basalts and minor Upper Cretaceous-Early Tertiary basalt flows and intrusives, which were emplaced in a basin with attenuated crustal thickness (20 km). Petrography, mineral chemistry, wholerock geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotope composition emphasize that the EC-Campos basalts have suffered extensive seawater interaction which caused enrichment in MgO, FeO total, K₂O, Rb and Ba, and depletion in SiO₂ and CaO, while Zr, Nb, Y and REE remained virtually constant in samples with loss-on-ignition values less than 4 wt%. In general, Campos basalts have bulkrock chemistry similar to those of the inland Parana tholeiites (140–130 Ma) with relatively low concentrations of incompatible elements and TiO₂ (<2 wt%). Batch-melting calculations suggest that Campos basalt genesis requires a garnet-peridotite source and variable degree of melting (9–25%) in order to explain the rare-earth-element (REE) patterns with chondrite normalised La/Yb_(N) ratio ranging from 0.9–1.0 to 4.4–7.1. The Sr–Nd isotopic data for the slightly altered Campos basalts, of both Early Cretaceous and Upper Cretaceous-Early Tertiary age, plot close to bulk earth, or in the enriched quadrant of the mantle array. Inter-element (La, Zr, Nb, Ba) ratios preclude for the Campos (and Paranà) basalt genesis any significant participation of N-type (Zr/Nb>16) MORB (mid-ocean-ridge basalt) mantle in simple binary mixing models. On the whole, the Early Cretaceous Campos basalts appear as an easterly, younger extension of the northern Paranà volcanism and probably erupted during early stages of the major riftingprocesses which caused continental thinning. It is notable that in the Campos marginal basin both the basalt magmatism contemporaneous with the continental break-up, as well as that which occurred after the S. America-Africa separation, appears substantially related to subcontinental lithosphere and a Dupal-like OIB (ocean-island basalt) (e.g. Tristan da Cunha) source components.     

A Statistical Model for Investigating Climatic Trend Turning Points

A two-phase trend model is presented to investigate the turning-point signals of evolution trend in long-term series of a climatic element. Based on nonlinear fitting, the revised model brings out more evident improvement of the linear model proposed by Solow et al. (1987). Both theoretical deduction and case calculation show that our version can search the turning point and period accurately and objectively. In particular it is fit for computer exploring the turning points in long-range records from stations covering a large area, thus avoiding subjective judgement by a usual drawing method.     

中国西北夏季降水量与500hPa纬偏场的特征分析

选取中国西北５省区（陕、甘、宁、青、新）具有代表性的、分布相对均匀的１２９个测站、１９５９－１９８９年６－８月总降水量资料，利用ＥＯＦ方法进行分解。以特征向量和载荷量的空间分布特征，将中国西北夏季降水量场分布５种空间分布型，从不同方面反映其空间变化特征。     

2D Coupled 3D:A New Numerical Model for Dual - Structured - Aquifer System

２Ｄ　Ｃｏｕｐｌｅｄ　３Ｄ：Ａ　Ｎｅｗ　Ｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌ　Ｍｏｄｅｌ　ｆｏｒＤｕａｌ－Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｄ－Ａｑｕｉｆｅｒ　Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ￥ＣｈｅｎＣｈｏｎｇｘｉ；ＦａｎｇＳｈｕｚｈｅｎ；ＬｉｎＭｉｎ（ＦａｃｕｌｔｙｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃ...     

围场牌楼御圣饮用天然矿泉水

围场牌楼御圣矿泉水出露于侏罗系张家口组凝灰岩、安山岩中，属偏硅酸、锶复合型矿泉水，其成因是含偏硅酸和锶的岩石经地下水深循环作用，长期溶滤围岩，使偏硅酸、锶不断富集的结果，除含偏硅酸、锶外，还含有有益于人体健康的微量元素。该矿泉水水量充沛，动态稳定，水质良好。     

The use of geochemical indicator elements in the exploration for hot water sources within geothermal fields

Soils, rocks, altered rocks, hot and cold waters, and hot spring precipitates were sampled within and on the outskirts of geothermal fields in China. The contents of thirty trace elements in soils and rocks show that Hg, As, Sb, Bi, Li, Rb, Cs, Au, Ag, B, W, Sn, Pb, Zn, Mn, Ni and Co can serve as direct and indirect indicators for geothermal field exploration. Large amounts of data indicate that Hg, As and Sb are the best indicators of hot water sources. Altered rocks contain higher Hg, As, Sb, Bi and Be than unaltered rocks. Based on their abundances in hot waters, it is suggested that the following elements may be used as hydrochemical indicators of high-temperature hot-water geothermal systems: K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, SO²⁻₄, HCO⁻₃, F⁻, Cl⁻, SiO₂, HBO₂, CO₂, pH, total dissolved solids and hydrochemical types, as well as Hg, As, Sb, Be, Li, Rb and Cs. Modern precipitates associated with hot springs have high contents of Ba, Be, Fe, Ti, Hg, As, Sb and Bi. Using these geochemical data, the authors have had much success in locating hot water drill sites within geothermal fields. Case histories are described for five geothermal areas.