Modelling magnetization processes in single-and multi-domain rock samples using the preisach diagram

Summary The paper presents the results of identifying a model of the Preisach type for haematite grains of the single-domain as well as multi-domain size. Due to the phenomenological conception of the model, the relations between the parameters of the model and actual parameters are very complex, however, impressive accuracy and stability of the modified model indicate the need to resume studies of this problem. The model parameters also confirm the adequate properties of the vibrating-sample magnetometr (VSM) used and developed in our laboratories.     

Microbial Activity of Bottom Sediments in a Stabilization Pond

The Pond of Dvorec, used for a final treatment of waste waters and at the same time for fish breeding, has been observed working in an assimilation and later on in a stabilization mode (SVOBODA and KOUBEK) . The data on the chemical composition and microbiological properties of its sediments are given. A comparative analysis of the stabilization pond sediments and the sediments of the second stabilization pond have shown a high purification function. An influence of temperature, aeration and thickness of the layer upon a microbial activity and a release of the substance into the water environment were verified in laboratory experiments. A higher layer of sediments can, above all at increased temperatures, negatively influence the water quality for fish breeding. After composting the drawn pond sediments can be recommended for the fertilization of an agricultural land in near surroundings.     

The extreme value distribution of 5-min rainfall data at Belgrade

Summary For practical applications both the parent distribution of rainfall intensities and the distribution of their annual maxima are of interest. The relationship between these two distributions cannot be obtained from classical extreme value theory because of seasonal variation and serial correlation in the data. Mathematical results for the distribution of maxima in m-dependent sequences are presented to illustrate the effect of local dependence on the extreme value distribution. The average number of exceedances in a cluster is an important parameter in the relationship between the parent and the extreme value distribution. For 5-min rainfall data from Belgrade, quantiles of the annual maxima are overestimated by about 10 mm h^–1 if the effect of serial correlation is ignored. This bias can easily be removed by taking the local clustering of large rainfall intensities in a rainy spell into account.With 4 Figures