交互式地震广播会商系统的应用

针对目前地震会商现场缺乏交互性与数据分析的动态性,提出地震会商会议发起人-参与者的应用模式。会商期间,通过在广播端实时广播操作消息、运用网络实时推送技术,使各地参与的信息节点会商资料内容一致,同时接收端实时接收并执行操作消息,从而同步显示广播计算机的操作画面,最终达到模拟广播视频的效果。该系统增强了地震会商在线动态数据分析的真实性与实时交互性。     

皖西南地区中强地震前后地磁资料变化特征

计算并分析了2011年1月19日安庆M4.8地震和2011年9月10日瑞昌-阳新M4.6地震前后震中周边主要地磁台站地磁转换函数参数的变化特征,总结了安庆地震前华东片主要地磁台站地磁资料垂直分量的变化特征。结果表明:在两次中强地震前,武汉、泾县、金寨三个地磁台的转换函数的部分参数出现了不同程度的异常变化;安庆地震前,中国大陆东部地磁低点时间出现位移,地磁日变形态亦发生了明显的畸变。     

高精度磁测在青海省阿尔茨托山地区划分地质构造中的应用

推断地质构造是磁测资料解释的组成部分,是对基础地质资料进行综合分析的重要参考,内容包括推断构造(断裂构造、火山构造)、地层(磁性火山岩地层、磁性变质岩地层)和侵入岩等。该文以青海省阿尔茨托山地区1∶5万地面高精度磁测成果为例进行分析,对区内的地质构造及岩浆岩分布等形成了一定认识,推断断裂构造17条并划分了区内火山岩地层、侵入岩体的分布范围,进一步完善了区域地质构造格架。     

Soil detachment and transport under the combined action of rainfall and runoff energy on shallow overland flow

Rainfall and runoff energy results in soil erosion. This paper presents new the concepts of rainfall and runoff energy and analyzes the relationship of rainfall energy and runoff energy with sediment transport based on the conversion theory of kinetic and potential energy using artificial rainfall and mechanical calculation. The results show that the ratio of sediment detachment in sloping fallow overland flow increases with the slope gradient, rainfall energy and runoff energy, while the sediment detachment ratio under raindrop impact are significantly higher than those under no raindrop impact. The sediment concentration increases with the slope gradient and rainfall energy; when the slope gradient and rainfall energy are constant, the sediment concentration decreases as the runoff energy increases. Rainfall disturbance coefficients have a logarithmic correlation with the rate of rainfall energy and runoff energy. On the same slope gradient, when the rainfall energy is constant, the disturbance coefficient decreases as the runoff energy increases, while when the runoff energy is constant, the disturbance coefficient increases as the rainfall energy increases. Rainfall energy results in sediment detachment, and runoff energy is the transportation for erosion sediment. This showed that rainfall energy and runoff energy are important in the sediment detachment and transportation of shallow overland flow.     

Development and validation of 89 novel expressed sequence tag-derived microsatellite markers in blood clam, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tegillarca granosa</Emphasis>

Blood clam, Tegillarca granosa, is an important shellfish in Chinese mariculture industry. Investigative research in this species, such as genetic linkage mapping, requires a large panel of molecular markers. In present study, a total of 89 polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed in T. granosa using the sequence database of Life Sciences Technology 454 next generation sequencing technology. All 89 loci were characterized in 20 individual clams from a natural population inhabiting Yueqing Gulf, Zhejiang Province, China. The number of alleles per polymorphic locus varied between 2 and 15, while the observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and polymorphic information content varied between 0.000 and 1.000, 0.102 and 0.921, and 0.048 and 0.886, respectively. Of the 89 loci identified, 32 loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium following Bonferroni correction. Thirty nine markers, which were shown to be polymorphic in a full-sibling family, were tested in Mendelian segregations. As expected, 32 loci were co-dominantly segregated in a Mendelian fashion. These novel developed microsatellite markers represent useful research tools for investigation of population genetic structure and genetic diversity in this species.     

陕南山地滑坡和泥石流分布特征及其相关性

滑坡和泥石流是陕南山地成灾的主要物理地质现象。本文根据野外调查资料和前人研究成果,从地质、地貌、水文工程地质特征、水文气象、人为因素诸方面,简要的分析了陕南山地滑坡、泥石流形成条件、区域分布规律滑坡对泥石流形成的影响和滑坡转化成泥石流的辩证关系。     

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西藏班公湖-怒江结合带中段早白垩世花岗闪长斑岩年龄、Hf同位素及地球化学特征

西藏班公湖-怒江结合带中段分布大量早白垩世岩浆岩,其岩浆源区和岩石成因与班公湖-怒江洋的演化密切相关。对班公湖-怒江结合带中段东卡错地体发现的花岗闪长斑岩进行了系统的岩相学、年代学和地球化学研究。锆石U-Pb年龄结果显示,花岗闪长斑岩成岩时代为早白垩世（109.4±1.9 Ma）。样品显示出较高的SiO2（67.40%~69.48%）和Al2O3（15.66%~15.81%）含量及较低的Mg#值（19.03~21.48）,具有高钾钙碱性系列岩浆岩特征;稀土元素总量较低（∑REE=196.45×10-6~207.6×10-6）,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,轻、重稀土元素分异明显,且具有较明显的负Eu异常（δEu平均值为0.64）;微量元素蛛网图总体呈右倾的锯齿状,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素;锆石εHf（t）均为负值且变化范围不大（-4.21~-10.59）,对应的Hf模式年龄t2DM在1438~1842 Ma之间,显示古老地壳的特征。综合以上特征并结合区域资料分析,认为东卡错地体发现的花岗闪长斑岩为I型花岗岩,来源于古老下地壳的部分熔融,可能是东卡错地体与北拉萨地体或聂荣地体/南羌塘碰撞过程中板片断离岩浆活动的产物。     

Future climate and runoff projections across New South Wales,Australia: results and practical applications

This paper describes the rainfall–runoff modelling for New South Wales (NSW) and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) under historical climate and the likely changes to runoff around the year 2030 for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) SRES A1B global warming scenario. Results show that the mean annual historical rainfall and runoff, averaged over the entire region, are 516 and 55 mm, respectively. There is considerable uncertainty in the global climate modelling (GCM) of rainfall response in the region to global warming. The majority of GCMs show a decrease in the mean annual rainfall and the median estimate indicates that future mean annual runoff in the region in ～2030 relative to ～1990 will be lower by 0–20% in the southern parts, no change to a slight reduction in the eastern parts and higher by 0–20% in the northwest corner. Averaged across the entire region, the median estimate is a 5% decrease in the mean annual runoff and the extreme estimates range from a 14% decrease to a 10% increase in mean annual runoff. This is the first comprehensive study on the hydrological impacts of climate change done in NSW that covers the entire state. Outputs from this study are being used to underpin the hydrology for a number of major climate change impact studies that are presently underway across NSW. The results and output datasets from this study will be available through a web interface and they can be used by all state government agencies and industries in NSW to plan for and adapt to the impacts of climate change. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大通湖中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)自然生产潜力估算模型探讨

人放天养的中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)质量好、个体大、耐运输、肉质鲜美,是优质高档蟹的代表,但产量严重不足。建立一套湖泊中华绒螯蟹自然生产潜力估算的模型来估算湖泊中华绒螯蟹自然生产潜力,确定放养量,以达到湖泊中华绒螯蟹稳产已迫在眉睫。本文根据近20年来作者对湖泊中华绒螯蟹放养的经验,结合灰估理论,提出蟹自然生产潜力:W=[B1K1C1/R1+B2K2C2/R2]·(B1+B2)2/B12+B2和蟹种放养量:W0=P0[B1K1C1/R1+B2K2C2/R2]·U/P估算模型,并与生产实践进行求证。其结果与生产实践存在较好的一致性。其估算结果可作为指导湖泊中华绒螯蟹生产的依据。