大兴安岭中段上二叠统林西组核形石的发现及其地质意义

林西组是大兴安岭地区晚二叠世重要的沉积地层,其研究程度也直接影响古亚洲洋闭合、两大板块拼接、沉积环境转变等重大地质问题。本次研究区主要位于大兴安岭中段,根据实际调查,首次在扎赉特旗巴彦乌兰地区晚二叠系林西组发现了海相的核形石灰岩。根据岩石学、地球化学和古生物学等研究手段,并根据元素比值等确定该核形石灰岩产生于碳酸盐台地边缘温暖、动荡的浅滩环境,具有明显的海相特征,并在林西组中—下部发现了具有明显陆相沉积特征的双壳类Palaeanodonta sp—Palaeomutela sp组合。说明该地区在晚二叠世早期存在海相或海陆交互相的沉积环境,随着环境的改变,林西组逐渐向陆地河湖相沉积环境转变。这一发现不仅完善了兴蒙地区林西组地层的结构,也为以后研究兴蒙海槽在晚古生代—中生代的过渡时期的沉积演化提供可靠资料。     

1990―2010年广东省能源消费的碳排放驱动因素分析

能源消费是碳排放的主要来源。根据IPCC碳排放计算指南缺省值计算出广东省1990―2010年的碳排放量,并对广东省近20年来碳排放进行阶段划分,采用对数平均迪氏指数法(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index),对碳排放量进行因素分解,分析能源结构、能源效率和经济发展对碳排放的影响及作用程度。结果表明:1)1990―2010年,广东省能源消费的CO2排放总量和人均CO2排放量不断上升,万元GDP碳排放量、三次产业碳排放强度均呈下降趋势,原煤的消费是碳排放的主要来源,第二产业的CO2排放量比重最大,但呈缓慢下降趋势;2)经济发展效应对广东省能源消费碳排放的贡献率最大,其次是能源强度效应、人口规模效应,能源结构效应的贡献率最小;经济增长是碳排放量增加的主要推动因素;能源消费强度影响碳排放量的增速,能源消费强度又进一步受到产业结构和各产业能耗强度的影响,其中,第二产业能耗强度和第二产业产值比重是影响能源消费强度最主要的影响因素。     

再生性资源型城市工业化与城镇空间耦合格局及驱动因素——以徐州市为例

整合脱钩模型、耦合协调模型和工业化城镇空间响应测度模型,采用ESDA和GWR等方法,以镇域为研究单元,分析了2003~2015年徐州市工业化与城镇空间耦合格局及影响因素。结果表明：徐州市工业化与城镇空间的脱钩关系呈现由无脱钩向绝对脱钩状态演化,二者之间的耦合协调程度呈增强趋势,但耦合作用不强;徐州市镇域工业化城镇空间响应程度呈波动性增强之势,各镇域间差异在逐渐增大;徐州工业化城镇空间响应强度差异的“一带”、“两翼”格局正在形成,交通区位优越类镇域尤为显著,表明再生性资源型城市工业化城镇空间响应的禀赋基础正在发生改变; 弱响应镇域主要集中于远离城市且区位不便的区域,持续表现为冷点区域,与经济发展水平的区域格局具有一致性;徐州市工业化城镇空间响应的影响因素作用程度呈现政府调控>投资因素>发展阶段>基础设施的特征,且均呈减弱之势,但各因素的影响作用表现出显著的空间异质性。     

渤海陆源入海污染源在线监测系统建设探究

文章通过探究国内外在线监测技术发展状况,针对渤海陆源入海污染源环境现状,从国家方针政策、监测体系现状等多方面提出了渤海陆源入海污染源在线监测系统建设的必要性。并根据目前渤海陆源入海污染源在线监测系统的建设情况,分析其存在的问题,提出通过加快标准制度建设、引导社会力量参与研发、顶层设计分步实施、强化人才队伍建设等方面举措推进在线监测系统建设工作,以期能为正在进行的渤海陆源入海污染源在线监测系统建设提供帮助。     

海底电缆管道廊道规划初步构想

为解决海底电缆管道面临的海域空间资源不足、受渔业活动破坏严重等问题,文章提出海底电缆管道廊道规划的构想。研究表明：规划的重点应集中在3个方面,即确定规划廊道范围,做好相关利益者协调,并应考虑海域适应性问题。研究认为,在特定海域对海底电缆管道路由进行统一规划布置技术上是可行的,有助于节约海域空间资源、保障管线安全、提升审批效率。     

A new analytical model for consolidation with multiple vertical drains

Various analytical theories of consolidation for soils with vertical drains have been proposed in the past. Most conventional theories are based on a cylindrical unit cell that contains only a single vertical drain. This paper described a new analytical model where a vertical drain located at the centre (the ‘inner vertical drain’) and is surrounded by two or three vertical drains (the ‘outer vertical drains’), the number of which depends on whether the configuration is triangular or rectangular. Both types of drains are combined into a cylindrical unit cell, and the water is assumed to flow both inwards to the inner vertical drain and outwards to the outer vertical drains distributed around the circumference. The outer radial boundary of the unit cell is regarded as a permeable boundary, with a drainage capacity of two or three separate vertical drains for triangular and rectangular configurations, respectively. The smear effects and the drainage resistances for both the inner and outer vertical drains are considered in the analysis as well. In this way, the equations governing the consolidation process with multiple vertical drains are derived, and the corresponding analytical solutions are obtained for instantaneously loading, ramp loading and multi‐stage of instantaneously loading and multi‐stage of ramp loading. The present solutions are finally compared with several conventional solutions for a single vertical drain in the literature. The results show that the present model predicts the same average degree of consolidation as conventional models do, which verifies the correctness of this new model. Finally, the settlement predicted by the present solution is compared with the measured settlement from a field test at the Port of Brisbane, Australia, which shows a good agreement between them. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

滇西南惠民超大型铁矿床：一个晚三叠世火山沉积型矿床

惠民超大型铁矿床处在西南三江复合造山带中南段的昌宁-孟连结合带东侧,具有火山-沉积岩容矿、磁铁矿-菱铁矿矿化组合及普遍伴生热液蚀变的突出特点。目前,因其赋矿地层时代存在分歧,致使其矿床成因认识不清。野外地质调查表明,矿区内原划分为澜沧岩群惠民岩组的岩石组合可分为两个构造地层单元,即：下部为中—晚奥陶世弧火山岩组合,受到古特提斯洋俯冲增生作用的改造,显示一定的构造混杂特点,局部见铁铜矿化;其上被一套火山-沉积岩组合不整合覆盖。上覆火山-沉积岩由玄武岩、安山岩、凝灰岩及硅质岩组成,属于弧前环境沉积组合,是已知铁矿体的主要赋矿层位,至少可分为3个完整的火山沉积旋回,其间多为整合接触。铁矿体呈层状、似层状多层次产于火山岩、硅质岩中,显示同生沉积成矿特点,普遍伴生陡倾斜(细)脉状铁矿化。容矿火山岩上部火山岩及火山碎屑岩中岩浆锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,其结晶年龄位于235～214 Ma之间,峰期年龄为230～225 Ma,指示铁矿床成矿时代属晚三叠世。由此提出,惠民超大型铁矿床是一个早中生代火山沉积型矿床,其成矿严格受到晚三叠世(可早至晚二叠世)古特提斯洋向东俯冲消减(现今地理方位)有关弧火山活动...     

Persistence of malachite green and leucomalachite green in perch (Lateolabrax japonicus)

The persistence of malachite green (MG), and its metabolite leucomalachite green (LMG), in fish tissues is still unclear, leading to many trade disputes. In this research, we established and evaluated an HPLC method that could detect MG and LMG simultaneously, and then investigated the persistence of these two toxins in the tissues of juvenile perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) post sub-chronic MG exposure at 1.0 mg/L. Exposure lasted for 2 h everyday and was repeated six times. The perch were then placed in MG-free seawater for 100 d to eliminate the toxins. Results show that MG accumulated in the tissues, including the gills, liver, muscle, blood and viscera, and then was metabolized rapidly to LMG. The concentrations of these two toxins increased significantly with the accumulation process. In general, the highest concentrations of MG and LMG in all tissue exceeded 1 000 μg/kg, except for MG in the muscle. The order of accumulation levels (highest to lowest) of MG was gill>blood>liver>viscera>muscle, while that of LMG was liver>blood>gill>viscera>muscle. High levels of MG or LMG could persist for several hours but decreased rapidly during the elimination process. The concentration of LMG was much higher than that of MG during the experiment, especially in the gill, liver and blood. Therefore, the three tissues play important roles in toxin accumulation, biotransformation, and elimination. Although the MG and LMG concentrations in muscle were much lower than in other tissues, the content still exceeded the European minimum required performance limit (MRPL), even after 2 400 h (100 d) of elimination. This demonstrates that it is extremely difficult to eliminate MG and LMG from tissues of perch, and therefore use of these toxins is of concern to public health.     

一次极端短时强降水过程中FY-3微波湿度计观测特征分析

利用FY-3微波湿度计资料和常规观测资料,对2016年贵州至湖北一次强降水事件中极端短时强降水站点、一般性短时强降水站点上空对流云的微波观测特征进行了对比分析。结果表明:(1)极端短时强降水站点上空150 GHz附近窗区探测通道亮温低于一般性短时降水站点。(2)极端短时强降水站点上空水汽通道亮温垂直分布呈现漏斗状,对干侵入有一定指示作用,亮温最低值出现在183.31±7 GHz附近,主要为暖云降水;一般性短时强降水站点上空水汽通道亮温垂直分布则呈竖条形,亮温最低值出现在183.31±3 GHz和183.31±7 GHz探测通道附近,为冷云暖云混合降水。(3)极端短时强降水站点上空未出现冲顶对流,但低层对流发展旺盛;一般性短时强降水站点上空出现冲顶对流,但低层对流发展强度偏弱。     

长三角工业化转型的空间分异研究

通过构建工业化转型发展的评价体系,借助于地统计学的空间自相关和空间变异函数,对长三角135个县域单元工业化转型发展水平的空间格局进行研究,结果表明:"扩容"后的长三角工业化发展水平整体上呈现以上海为龙头,沿沪宁、沪杭两个方向扩展,在苏中北和浙西南地带以区域中心城市为增长极向外扩散的特征;中心城市在工业化过程中的空间极化...