Magnetic minerals in Mid-Pleistocene sediments on the Caiwei Guyot,Northwest Pacific and their response to the Mid-Brunhes climate event

Seamounts are ubiquitous topographic units in global oceans, and their influences on local oceanic circulation have attracted great attention in physical oceanography; however, previous efforts were less made in paleoclimatology and paleoceanography. The Caiwei Guyot in the Magellan Seamounts of the western Pacific is a typical seamount, and in this study, we investigate a well-dated sediment core by magnetic properties to reveal the relationship between deep-sea sedimentary processes and global climate changes. The principal results are as follows: (1) the dominant magnetic minerals in the sediments are low-coercivity magnetite in pseudo-single domain range, probably including a biogenic contribution; (2) the variabilities of magnetic parameters can be clustered into two sections at ～500 ka, and the differences between the two units are evident in amplitudes and means; (3) changes in the grainsize-dependent magnetic parameters can be well correlated to records of global ice volume and atmospheric CO2 in the middle Pleistocene. Based on these results, a close linkage was proposed between deep-sea sedimentary processes in the Caiwei Guyot and global climate changes. This linkage likely involves different roles of biogenic magnetite in the sediments between interglacial and glacial intervals, responding to changes in marine productivity and deep-sea circulation and displaying a major change in the Mid-Brunhes climate event. Therefore, we proposed that the sedimentary archives at the bottom of the Caiwei Guyot record some key signals of global climate changes, providing a unique window to observe interactions between various environmental systems on glacial-interglacial timescales.     

改性当地土壤技术修复富营养化水体综合效果研究:Ⅱ.底栖动物群落结构和多样性的响应

从2010年10月开始在太湖梅梁湾围隔内实验区实施了改性当地土壤技术,在研究其对水体富营养化和蓝藻水华长效控制作用的同时,重点研究了底栖动物群落对此技术的响应.研究发现:经过11个月的处理,相比对照区,实验区内软体动物的平均密度和生物量分别增长了124%和33.8%,底栖动物Margalef和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别增长了41.1%和18.5%.环境因子和底栖动物群落的典范对应分析发现叶绿素a、温度、溶解氧和总磷对底栖动物群落有显著影响.本研究表明通过改性当地土壤技术降低水体营养盐含量和叶绿素a含量、增加底泥表层溶解氧含量,可以在一定程度上改善底栖动物生境,提高其物种多样性.     

对GML3.0应用模式的研究

阐述了GML3.0的主要模式,论述了GML应用模式开发的若干技术问题,并通过一个实例阐述了如何创建一个领域内的应用模式。     

基于PIES观测东沙群岛附近声传播变化

本研究旨在将PIES观测数据应用于海洋水声环境的监测。利用一次南海PIES观测数据,反演得到温盐剖面,进而计算声场信息。结合观测期间的暖涡及台风事件对反演及计算结果进行了分析验证。结果表明,PIES能够在长期连续观测中较为敏感地捕获上层水体及表面声道的变化特征,为水声通信、探测及潜航路径规划等提供参考,在水声研究及海洋军事环境保障中都具有良好的应用前景。     

福建云霄石榴子石宝石矿物学特征

福建云霄是我国重要的宝石级石榴子石产地,然而该区石榴子石的致色机理不清,制约了对其形成机制的理解及后续开发利用。本文选取7件福建云霄橙黄-橙红色石榴子石样品,利用傅立叶红外光谱、紫外-可见光光谱和拉曼光谱分析其谱学特征,使用电子探针及激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)分析限定其主量、微量元素组成。结果表明云霄石榴子石主要为锰铝榴石,其颜色主要与二价锰(Mn²⁺)和铁离子(Fe²⁺)对可见光的吸收有关,Mn²⁺导致其主体呈橙色,少量Fe²⁺控制其橙红色调,微量Ti⁴⁺使其呈褐色调。福建云霄石榴子石样品核部锰含量相对较低而铁、镁含量较高,锰元素含量由核部向边部逐渐升高,且具有重稀土元素富集、轻稀土元素亏损的左倾配分模式和Eu负异常,表明其形成于岩浆结晶作用晚期。     

常熟台倾斜仪降雨干扰定量分析

通过常熟地震台形变山洞内三套倾斜仪观测资料的对比分析,找到降雨、蓄水干扰对观测的影响,并利用弹性形变理论验证其可靠性,分析表明,每次强降雨均伴随有来自西南方向的倾斜干扰,其原因为雨水向湖中汇聚,水位上升产生弹性形变,从而引起地表倾斜.     

Effect of growth phase on the fatty acid compositions of four species of marine diatoms

The fatty acid compositions of four species of marine diatoms (Chaetoceros gracilis MACC/B13, Cylindrotheca fusiformis MACC/B211, Phaeodactylum tricornutum MACC/B221 and Nitzschia closterium MACC/B222), cultivated at 22 ℃±1 ℃ with the salinity of 28 in f/2 medium and harvested in the exponential growth phase, the early stationary phase and the late stationary phase, were determined. The results showed that growth phase has significant effect on most fatty acid contents in the four species of marine diatoms. The proportions of 16:0 and 16: 1n-7 fatty acids increased while those of 16 :3n-4 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) decreased with increasing culture age in all species studied. The subtotal of saturated fatty acids (SFA) increased with the increasing culture age in all species with the exception of B13. The subtotal of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) increased while that of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreased with culture age in the four species of marine diatoms. MUFA reached their lowest value in the exponential growth phase, whereas PUFA reached their highest value in the same phase.     

东北冷涡的多普勒雷达资料特征分析

多普勒雷达探测东北冷涡具有一定的径向速度特征;应用蓝金(Rankine)模式进行数值模拟,结果表明,其模拟的多普勒速度分布特征与多普勒雷达实际探测冷涡的特征极其相似;根据多普勒径向速度特征确定冷涡中心,进而应用不同时刻资料确定冷涡的移动路径,对实际业务有很好的应用价值。     

714C天气雷达收发机的维护

天气雷达是探测天气变化的重要工具,尤其是机场短时天气预报的重要手段,是保证航班安全正常的可靠保障。针对呼和浩特机场714C天气雷达收发机维护过程中的一些问题方法进行总结,从中总结可行性经验。     

主动与被动状态下墙体侧向位移近似计算

极限状态下墙体侧向位移对土压力计算和支挡结构设计影响显著。根据Rankine变形体和Coulomb刚塑体模型,将墙后土体变形分别当作单剪和直剪试验中试样的剪切过程,以达到极限剪切变形（剪应变或单位长度剪切位移）作为进入主被动状态标准,构建了土体变形与墙体位移的几何关系,提出了反映土体变形与强度特性,同时考虑静止时初始应力状态影响的墙体极限侧向位移近似计算模型。分析表明：土体极限剪切变形、滑移区范围、初始应力状态是影响墙体极限位移的核心要素,其中极限剪切变形占据主导作用,是导致不同颗粒组成及密实程度土体进入极限状态所需墙体位移差异显著的主要原因,而主被动区范围不同和因静止土压力系数 1引起的初始剪切变形,则是被动状态墙体位移远大于主动的关键因素;算例中主动与被动状态下墙体位移与墙高之比分别介于0.5‰～13.2‰和?0.4%～?5.2%,且主动状态下细粒土墙体位移大于粗粒土,计算结果与工程经验及相关文献模型试验基本一致。