青藏高原珠峰绒布河谷地区大气近地层观测研究

利用“珠峰环境监测2001”期间获得的绒布河谷近地层观测资料,分析研究了珠峰地区近地层大气温度、湿度、风向风速、地表温度和辐射等气象要素的日间平均分布规律,并探讨了它们之间的相互关系,指出诸如下垫面性质、地形特征、水陆分布差异等造成珠峰地区气象要素特殊分布的原因,为全面认识青藏高原大气边界层结构,考察珠峰环境,研究该地区地-气之间物质和能量交换提供科学的事实依据。     

WAVE-FLOW INTERACTIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY VARIATION OF BLOCKING PATTERN

Through a simple review of low-frequency variation of blocking pattern and diagnoses ofobservational data and combining some experience in forecast practice,we put forward somethought about the mechanism of formation and maintenance of the blocking flow pattern from thesynoptic/climatological point of view,It is emphasized that eastward moving and deepening oftroughs in the upstream of the blocking high,the SST anomalies and topography effect are themain factors of impelling the variation of the blocking high.During the maintenance of Uralblocking high wave-flow interactions are studied through disposition of baroclinic trough(transientwave)and the blocking flow.This study will offer a primary basis for the further theoretical studyon the formation mechanism of the blocking high.     

贝壳珍珠层的X射线衍射研究

珍珠层中文石晶体的择优取向是珍珠层具有优异力学性能的重要原因之一，通过对三角帆蚌贝壳珠层的X射线衍射研究，表明珍珠层除存在公认的（002）面网平行珍珠层面的强烈定向文石晶体外，还有强烈的（012）面网平行珍珠层面的亲新定向文石晶体，且在同一贝壳的不同位置，该两种取向的择优取向度变化较大，充分说明了珍珠层结构的不均匀性。     

北极斯瓦尔巴德地区近地层大气观测研究 I.平均场特征

利用“中国科学探险协会2002年北极科学探险考察”期间, 在斯瓦尔巴德地区政府所在地朗伊尔宾城架设的两个自动气象站记录的气象资料, 分析了该地区气象要素平均值的日变化, 给出了这一极端环境区夏季近地层气象要素的基本物理图像: 太阳辐射、大气温度、地表温度和大气湿度等气象要素的日变化都呈单峰分布; 地气温差因地而异, 不同下垫面类型大气能量的源汇不同; 局地环流多种多样, 冰川风、海陆风、山谷风相互叠加, 主导风向各地不一。     

二氧化碳在海洋深层水中隔离的数值模拟

随着对大气中二氧化碳浓度的持续增加所产生的潜在全球气候变化问题的认识逐步加深,人们在进一步理解全球碳循环问题的同时,正在寻求遏止大气CO2浓度快速增加的方法。文章在讨论一些可能的途径后,着重探讨了作为其中一种选择的CO2海洋封存的有效性问题。使用北太平洋海洋环流模式,研究了人为隔离CO2在海洋中的行为。在北太平洋中选择了1个位置,在不同的深度人为投放CO2。模拟结果表明,隔离有效性随隔离的深度增加而增加。总的来说,当注入深度超过1500m,其海洋中隔离CO2在50a后仍可达注入量的95%以上。当隔离深度超过2000m后,深度增加对隔离效果的影响变小,50a后的差异均小于1%。     

华南二叠系栖霞组菊花状天青石锶同位素特征及其地质意义

菊花状天青石是华南地区栖霞组内一种特殊的矿物集合体,形成于早期成岩作用阶段。在研究其成因过程中,系统分析了湖北黄石和湖南浏阳栖霞组内菊花状天青石的Sr同位素组成以及湖南浏阳、湖北黄石、江西永丰和广西来宾四处天青石假象、天青石围岩（泥晶灰岩）和围岩中方解石脉的Sr同位素组成。Sr同位素分析结果表明,天青石中的87Sr/ 86Sr最高值为0.707525,最低值为0.706981,平均值为0.707215。与天青石相比,天青石假象、天青石围岩和方解石脉的87Sr/ 86Sr值整体相对富含87Sr。由于天青石假象和方解石脉明显为晚期成岩作用成因,它们相对富含87Sr的锶同位素特征应是晚期成岩作用叠加的结果,与其类似的泥晶灰岩的87Sr/ 86Sr值也可能同样受到了晚期成岩作用的影响。栖霞组菊花状天青石比同组泥晶灰岩更好地记录了栖霞期海水的Sr同位素组成。     

Precipitation Effects on Temperature-A Case Study in China

To discover the mechanism of the continuous summer temperature decline in certain regions against significant global warming,456 national meteorological observational stations with long term of observed daily temperature and precipitation data were applied to analyze the relationship between precipitation and temperature.Results show that there is a significant negative correlation between precipitation and temperature,indicating that precipitation influences temperature signifi-cantly:the more the precipit...     

Soluble species in aerosols collected on the route of the Second Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition

Aerosol samples are collected on the route of the Second Chinese NationalArctic Research Expedition from July 15 to September 28,2003.The concentration ofwater soluble ions(Na~+,NH_4~+,Ca~(2+),Cl~-,MSA,SO_4~(2-)and so on)are ana-lyzed.By correlation analysis,the ions can be divided into three groups:(1)Na~+,Mg~(2+),K~+,Ca~(2+),Cl~-,SO_4~(2-),mainly from sea salt;(2)NH_4~+,NO_3~-,markedlyfrom coastal regions of the continents;(3)Acetate,MSA,C_2O_4~(2-),from othersources.Marine aerosols are the dominant origin,Cl~- and Na~+ are the most domi-nant anion and cation,respectively and these two ions(Na~++Cl~-)account for 55.6% of the total aerosol loading.The mean equivalence ratio of NH_4~+/SO_4~(2-)is 0.45,we suggest that ammonium and sulfate exist mainly as NH_4HSO_4.The concentrationof NO_3~- shows three different patterns on the route of expedition:Japan Sea with me-dian value of 15.2 neq·m~(-3);Sea of Okhostk and Bering Sea of 1.8 neq·m~(-3)andArctic Ocean of 0.4 neq·m~(-3).Bering Sea is a high MSA area.Through the com-parison of the concentration of main water soluble ions between the First and SecondChinese National Arctic Research Expedition,the variation matches each other.     

A Comprehensive Investigation of an Offshore Active Fault in the Western Sagami Bay, Central Japan

Offshore active faults, especially those in the deep sea, are very difficult to study because of the water and sedimentary cover. To characterize the nature and geometry of offshore active faults, a combination of methods must be employed. Generally, seismic profiling is used to map these faults, but often only fault-related folds rather than fracture planes are imaged. Multi-beam swath bathymetry provides information on the structure and growth history of a fault because movements of an active fault are reflected in the bottom morphology. Submersible and deep-tow surveys allow direct observations of deformations on the seafloor (including fracture zones and microstructures). In the deep sea, linearly aligned cold seep communities provide indirect evidence for active faults and the spatial migration of their activities.The Western Sagami Bay fault (WSBF) in the western Sagami Bay off central Japan is an active fault that has been studied in detail using the above methods. The bottom morphology, fracture     

高砷高硫金矿石中金的相态分析方法

通过应用氰化钾、碱溶、酸溶以及王水溶解等系统浸取法，对某高砷高硫金矿中金的相态进行了分析研究。结果表明，该含金矿样中金主要以毒砂包裹金和硫化包裹金两种形式存在。分析准确度达90％以上，为高砷高硫金矿中金的相态分析提供了一种可靠的分析方法。