山东省刺参增养殖技术发展现状

刺参是我国传统的名贵海产品,具有很高的食用和药用价值,价格高、市场容量大.为开发近海这一资源,原农牧渔业部曾于80年代初组织全国刺参增养殖技术攻关并取得重大成果.大水体刺参人工育苗(0.5cm)技术突破3000头/M2以上,地播增殖也有创新技术,为刺参增养殖生产奠定了基础.此后的近20年来,广大渔民和科技工作者的生产实践和科学试验使这项技术不断丰富与完善.参苗育成量逐年增多,仅长岛县年培育量就达6000-8000万头,育苗水平也大有提高,不少场家已达4000-5000头/M2,而且苗种的规格质量也更高(体长1cm以上).增养殖方式也从单一的潮下带地播增殖发展为多种养殖技术.     

Urban Construction Land Suitability Evaluation Based on Improved Multi-criteria Evaluation Based on GIS （MCE-GIS）： Case of New Hefei City,China

Urban construction land suitability evaluation （UCLSE） is a complex system engineering and the basis for rational use of the limited urban land resources in China. It has an important practical value on urban construction land use planning and management from the angle of methodology. As a widely used technique, traditional multi-criteria evaluation based on GIS （MCE-GIS）, is not suitable for UCLSE. This study develops an improved MCE-GIS method which could be more suitable for UCLSE based on urban complex ecological system theory and the summary of the shortcomings of traditional MCE-GIS. The improvements include three aspects： a composite evaluation index system rather than natural indexes alone, an index weight calculated by using fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） method rather than the common AHP method, and the integrated overlay rule, which includes selecting the minimum value, weighted linear combination （WLC） and simple summation. The main advantage of this improved technique is that it can make UCLSE more comprehensive, more operational and more reasonable. It can provide a scientific basis for decision making in the planning and management of urban construction land use. The improved MCE-GIS system has been adopted in the New Hefei City, Anhui Province, China. Based on the results of UCLSE in New Hefei, three functional areas including construction-appropriate areas, construction-restricted areas and construction-forbidden areas could be worked out, in which 36.90% of the total study area could be developed as urban construction land and the remaining 63.10% should be protected as reserves land or as ecological land. Furthermore, the results can orovide scientific decision suooort for spatial planning and eco-environment nrotection in New Hefei.     

甘肃省重要古植物化石产地区划及保护利用

古植物化石是地质历史时期各类植物实体或遗迹的残留.对古植物化石产地进行系统的调查和区划研究是开展古生物化石保护和利用工作的基础.在资料研究和实地调查的基础上,对甘肃省24处重要古植物化石产地进行了评价和区划研究.甘肃省古植物化石产地可划分为北山地区、祁连山——河西走廊地区、鄂尔多斯和秦岭地区4个古生物化石大区以及6个古...     

北祁连西段肃南地区下志留统肮脏沟组河流相的发现及其大地构造意义

北祁连地区位于中国中央造山带中段,具有典型造山带的特征.区内志留系肮脏沟组沉积环境存在较大争议,以致对其沉积期古地理格局的认识就存在很大差异.本研究选取志留系肮脏沟组发育齐全的肃南地区老虎沟剖面为研究对象,通过野外剖面实测、室内薄片鉴定和碎屑岩粒度分析等方法对老虎沟剖面肮脏沟组沉积充填序列、沉积构造和沉积相类型进行了细...     

Identifying the scope of the Lhasa Metropolitan Area based on a spatial field energy model

The cultivation and development of modern metropolitan areas with the aim of establishing new regional centers with competitive edge is a key objective for the new-type urbanization directions in China. The construction of the Lhasa Metropolitan Area is of great significance for the promotion of the South Asia Channel, the ‘Belt and Road' initiative, the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor, the Himalaya Economic Cooperation Zone, and for rapid development and long-term stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This paper examines the scope of the Lhasa Metropolitan Area including Chengguanqu(Chengguan District), Doilungdeqen, Dagze, Lhunzhub, Damxung, Nyemo, Quxu, Maizhokunggar, Samzhubze Qu(Samzhubze District), Gyangze, Rinbung, Bainang, Nedong, Gonggar, and Zhanang using a spatial field energy model that combines nodality and accessibility indices and considers multiple indicators including traffic flow between cities. By combining factors such as the natural background, population agglomeration, the social economy, infrastructure construction, and the urban spatial structure of the Lhasa Metropolitan Area, it is proposed to build a bow-and-arrow-shaped urban system with ‘one core, two centers, one axis, and two wings' along the valleys and the transportation trunk lines of the area. The study advocates the construction of a pure land industrial system comprising a green cultural and tourism-oriented plateau.     

水库渗漏水中氢氧化铁的矿化特征

对富水水库大坝渗漏水和析出物进行了分析和研究。析出物的主要成分为Fe2O3，并含少量Al2O3和SiO2，铁质析出物的XRD、IR、SEM和TEM分析表明，氢氧化铁的结晶程度较低，主要结晶相为针铁矿，其次为少量伊利石、蒙脱石和石英。电子显微分析观察到在非晶质氢氧化铁凝胶团和亚微米级微粒聚集体中存在特殊的显微管状和螺旋状针铁矿，显示出明显的生物矿化特征。     

造山带岩相古地理研究与实践--以甘肃省奥陶纪为例

造山带古地理的恢复与重建难度较大且尚无研究方法体系可循。选择地处复杂中央造山带的甘肃省奥陶纪为例,结合前人研究资料首次编制了早、中晚奥陶世的沉积构造格架及沉积盆地类型图,分析了它们之间的空间配置关系。在“构造控盆、盆控相”的思路控制下,以沉积岩性、结构-构造、古生物组合等为基础,以优势相原则,共划分出滨浅海相、浅海陆棚相、开阔台地相、台地边缘浅滩相、潮坪相以及半深海(含斜坡相)-深海相等7类沉积相类型,采用“在同一板块、构造背景下形成的沉积盆地内及空间连续配置的沉积盆地之间采用瓦尔特相律对古地理进行合理的恢复;对不同的板块及构造背景下形成的沉积盆地或者是空间不连续配置的沉积盆地之间,古地理单元的恢复则按现今出露地层所反应出的沉积环境忠实地表现,古地理单元之间可以不遵循瓦尔特相律”的方法恢复与重建了研究区的古地理面貌,编制了相应的古地理图。为造山带岩相古地理的研究提供了一种编图思路,具理论和实践意义。     

关于苏里格气田东二区盒8段储层成岩相的再认识

成岩相作为油气勘探过程中的热门方法,其定义的不同造成研究成果的差异。前期通过对苏里格气田东二区盒8段储层岩石学和成岩作用的详细研究,按照邹才能等(2008)提出的成岩相分类和命名原则,将研究区盒8段储层划分为五种成岩相。此次研究结合流体包裹体的分析测试结果,对研究区盒8段储层的成岩环境进行了分析,并利用成岩环境对其成岩相进行了再研究,在原研究程度的基础上完善了成岩相的形成过程和形成阶段。研究区盒8段储层在成岩过程中经历了淡水-弱酸性的大气成岩环境、弱酸性-酸性的埋藏成岩环境和弱碱性的埋藏成岩环境。受成岩环境的影响,形成了不同的成岩相:同生成岩-早成岩A早期受大气淡水、弱酸性埋藏成岩环境的影响,主要发生压实、弱酸性溶蚀作用形成弱溶蚀-压实相;早成岩A晚期-早成岩B期受弱酸性埋藏成岩环境的影响,压实作用与酸性溶蚀作用持续增强,形成溶蚀-压实相;中成岩A期-中成岩B早期为酸性埋藏成岩环境,广泛产生胶结作用与酸性溶蚀作用,形成溶蚀-胶结相;中成岩B晚期表现为碱性埋藏成岩环境,主要发生碱性交代作用,形成交代相。根据储层成岩相的影响因素:岩性、成岩环境、成岩作用类型和孔隙结构特征,按照"成岩相是成岩环境的物质表现"的定义,提出采用"岩性+成岩环境+(孔渗级别)+主要成岩作用"的命名方法,将苏里格气田东二区盒8段储层成岩相划分为五种类型:中细粒(杂)砂岩大气环境致密压实相;净砂岩大气、酸性埋藏环境特低孔渗溶蚀-压实相;净砂岩酸性埋藏环境低孔渗溶蚀相;净砂岩酸性埋藏环境特低孔渗溶蚀-胶结相以及净砂岩碱性埋藏环境致密交代相。     

塔里木盆地北缘阿克苏地区震旦系露头层序地层研究

本文对塔里木盆地北缘阿克苏地区磷矿沟震旦系剖面进行了详细的沉积体系研究。结果表明,该剖面主要发育滨岸沉积体系、碎屑岩潮坪沉积体系和碳酸盐潮坪沉积体系,这几种沉积体系的组合反映了震旦纪阿克苏地区由碎屑岩体系向碳酸盐岩体系的演化过程。在野外露头中共识别出4种不同类型的层序界面:(1)海侵上超层序不整合界面;(2)水进侵蚀冲刷面;(3)岩性、岩相转换面;(4)暴露溶蚀面。在识别出层序界面的基础上对震旦系划分出2个二级层序和5个三级层序。第一超层序SS1包含3个三级层序:SQ1、SQ2和SQ3。第二超层序SS2包含2个三级层序组:SQ4和SQ5。     

Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM<Subscript>2.5</Subscript> in China: A city-level perspective analysis

Haze pollution has become a severe environmental problem in the daily life of the people in China. PM_2.5 makes a significant contribution to poor air quality. The spatio-temporal features of China’s PM_2.5 concentrations should be investigated. This paper, based on observed data from 945 newly located monitoring sites in 2014 and industrial working population data obtained from International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), reveals the spatio-temporal variations of PM_2.5 concentrations in China and the correlations among different industries. We tested the spatial autocorrelation of PM_2.5 concentrations in the cities of China with the spatial autocorrelation model. A correlation coefficient to examine the correlativity of PM_2.5 concentrations and 23 characteristic variables for 190 cities in China in 2014, from which the most important ones were chosen, and then a regression model was built to further reveal the social and economic factors affecting PM_2.5 concentrations. Results: (1) The Hu Huanyong Line and the Yangtze River were the E-W divide and S-N divide between high and low values of China. (2) The PM_2.5 concentrations shows great seasonal variation, which is high in autumn and winter but low in spring and summer. The monthly average shows a U-shaped pattern, and daily average presents a periodic and impulse-shaped change. (3) PM_2.5 concentrations had a distinct characteristic of spatial agglomeration. The North China Plain was the predominant region of agglomeration, and the southeastern coastal area had stable good air quality.