双出口旋流取样器在RC钻探试验中的应用

反循环取样（RC）钻探是钻探技术的又一次技术革命,以其高效率、低成本、高适应性在西方国家得到了广泛应用。近年来,RC钻探在我国也越来越得到重视,应用越来越多。采样工艺是RC钻探的重要组成部分,国外在这方面比较先进,而我国采样工艺相对简单落后。双出口旋流取样器是对单出口旋流取样器的改进,在单出口的基础上增加了一个出口及阀门,阀门为两个出口共用,开启一个的同时关闭另一个。通过阀门的开关实现两个出口轮流接样,避免了连续进尺情况下的样品遗漏,减少了取样过程中粉尘外溢造成的污染。通过在卡拉塔格整装勘查区RC钻探试验中的应用,证明了它在防止样品遗漏、减少环境污染及便利取样操作方面有很大优越性。     

辽河油田欢喜岭地区压裂工艺研究及实施效果分析

介绍了辽河油田欢喜岭地区实施71口井压裂的压裂工艺，所采用新工艺，新技术9种，其中热压施工工艺属国内首创。对压裂效果进行了分析，对比，提出了目前存在的问题和下一步要改进的措施。     

Spatial variability of in situ microbial activity: biotracer tests

Biotracer tests have been proposed as a means by which to characterize the in situ biodegradation potential for field-scale systems. In this study, field experiments were conducted at two sites to evaluate the utility of the biotracer method for characterizing the spatial variability of microbial activity. The first site is a mixed waste-contaminated surficial aquifer in Utah, and the second site is a chlorinated solvent-contaminated regional aquifer in Tucson, Arizona. Mass recovery of the biotracer decreased approximately linearly with increasing residence time for the Tucson site. Similar behavior was observed at the Utah site, except in the region adjacent to the injection zone, where percent recoveries were much lower than those predicted using a correlation determined using data collected downgradient of the injection zone. First-order biodegradation rate coefficients obtained from model calibration of the tracer data varied between 0.2 and 0.5/day for the Tucson site. For the Utah site, the values varied between 0.1 and 0.6/day downgradient of the injection wells, and between 0.7 and 2.6/day near the injection wells. Considering the large range over which biodegradation rate coefficients can vary, the rate coefficient exhibited relatively minimal spatial variability (factor of 2.5) for the Tucson site. Conversely, the spatial variability of the rate coefficient was an order of magnitude greater for the Utah site. These differences in variability are consistent with conditions associated with the respective sites. For example, the greater microbial activity observed in the vicinity of the injection wells for the Utah site is consistent with the biomass distribution determined from analysis of core samples, which shows larger bacterial cell densities for the region near the injection wells. These results illustrate the utility of biotracer tests for in situ characterization of microbial activity (e.g., biodegradation potential), including evaluation of potential spatial variability.     

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A flume test on erosion mechanism for an abandoned section of the Huanghe(Yellow)River Delta

The erosion mechanisms of abandoned coastal section are understood detailedly by flume experiment, which play an important role to the offshore engineering facilities. A movable-bed physical model has been used to investigate the coastal erosion of an abandoned section of the Huanghe (Yellow) River Delta. The theory of physical scale models is discussed and a method for constructing the representative seabed section is developed. The results indicate that during the period initially after the abandonment of the delta the entire bed experienced rapid erosion because the seabed was steep and prone to liquefaction that resulted from storm wave action. After this initial period, a balance of erosion and accretion was established, and the beach profile equilibrated with a point of balance present on the profile. The experimental results indicate that the volume of deposition was about half that of the erosion. Wave action may also induce significant stratal changes through its interaction with the soft seabed. The major morphological features developed in the model delta section were found to be qualitatively comparable with those observed in the prototype. A distorted modeling law that maintains the similarity of the modeled and prototype equilibrium beach profiles is proposed. Experimental results show that the distorted modeling is able to reproduce the beach-face slope in nature, and the model also successfully reproduced three historical evolutionary stages of erosion.     

多方法联合分析未来地震发生趋势

综合多种前兆方法分析地震活动规律,研究目标地区未来地震发生的趋势。首先采用图像信息法(PI)进行扫描,从长期尺度上找出研究区域内地震活动异常的地区,并结合相关的活动断裂分布及区域地震活动确定未来地震的发震危险区;然后采用加卸载响应比(LURR)、态矢量(SV)、矩张量加速释放(AMR)等中短期前兆方法分析这些区域的地震发生可能,并对地震发生的相关信息做进一步估算;在空间上实现向地震危险区域的逐渐逼近,时间上实现从长期预测到中短期预测的自然过渡。作为回顾性震例研究,我们对近3年来发生在中国西部的强震(ML6.5)进行了检验,结果表明,相对于单一算法而言,将不同前兆方法适当组合结合能够更为明确地为未来地震危险性评估提供信息和约束。     

天津电视塔动力特征分析

本文以天津电视塔为例，采用三维模型，分别讨论了在刚性地基条件下及考虑上中结构－地基共同作用的相互作用体系的动力特征，取得了新的科研成果。     

一种恢复硬盘的方法

故障现象：我局一台由PC机升级为386DX兼容机，带ZIOM硬盘，该硬盘格式化为C、D、E、F四个盘，在使用过程中，常丢失除C盘外的其它盘。我们在C盘上装有诸如WPS字库这种比较大的软件。一般情况下，将重新格式化硬盘，找回D、E、F盘，重新装人应用软件，在此情况下，除产生较大的工作量外，也影响硬盘的使用寿命。。故障原因：根据升级后的使用情况，经多次诊断后，认为造成丢失硬盘的可能原因为：1．硬盘速度，内存速度和CMOS速度三者之间不匹配，因未装人协处理器，末达原定33M的内存速度，导致硬盘信息丢失，失去硬盘。2．丢失硬…     

吉林省硅灰石资源开发利用现状及展望

通过对吉林省硅灰石矿产资源开发利用现状及存在问题的分析,结合国內外硅灰石产需形势、硅灰石应用方向及技术标准,展望了硅灰石开发利用的市场发展趋势。     

Assessing a bioremediation strategy in a shallow coastal system affected by a fish farm culture--application of GIS and shellfish dynamic models in the Rio San Pedro, SW Spain

An integrated multi-trophic aquaculture assessment for Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) aquaculture as a bioremediation strategy in areas impacted by fish farm effluents in Rio San Pedro was assessed by combining geographic information system with carrying capacity models. Sites of 0.44 km(2) were evaluated considering constraints; physical factors, growth and survival factors, environmental quality factors, water and sediment quality criteria, factor suitability ranges, and Multi-Criteria Evaluation. Isleta and Flamenco are promising sites for oyster production, and Dorada is of marginal interest. Carbon and nitrogen removal from the water by algae and through detritus filtration was estimated. The biodeposition of organic material from longline leases was found to have little negative impact on sediment. The eutrophication results indicate that phytoplankton removal had a positive impact on water quality at the Dorada. This case study quantified the direct profitability and bioremediative environmental service advantages that fish-shellfish farms can have relative to fish monocultures.