鄂西巴东地区(巴页1井)发现海陆过渡相页岩气

<正>1研究目的(Objective)根据富有机质页岩沉积环境可将页岩气分为海相、陆相和海陆过渡相(含煤岩系)3大类型。近年,中国已在海相页岩和陆相页岩地层页岩气勘探中取得重大突破,而海陆过渡相的页岩气勘探工作尚处于起步阶段,整体研究程度较低。鄂西巴东地区地处四川盆地东缘,该区广泛发育上二叠统龙潭组暗色泥页岩,厚度大,有机碳含量高,埋深适中,是实现海陆过渡相页岩气勘探发现的有利远景区。为此,在野外地质调查的基础上,优选实施钻     

宜昌磷矿北部整装勘查项目深孔复杂地层钻探技术

宜昌磷矿北部整装勘查工程是湖北省大型磷矿资源勘查项目,由于地形复杂,工作量大,施工条件困难,钻孔深度达到1400 m,给钻探组织和施工带来更高的要求。本文就该项目的地质钻探工作进行简要总结,介绍了寒武系和震旦系地层中的钻探施工技术及应用效果。     

Effects of Deep Fluids on Hydrocarbon Generation and Accumulation in Chinese Petroliferous Basins

Deep fluids in a petroliferous basin generally come from the deep crust or mantle beneath the basin basement, and they transport deep substances(gases and aqueous solutions) as well as heat to sedimentary strata through deep faults. These deep fluids not only lead to large-scale accumulations of CO_2, CH_4, H_2, He and other gases, but also significantly impact hydrocarbon generation and accumulation through organic-inorganic interactions. With the development of deep faults and magmatic-volcanic activities in different periods, most Chinese petroliferous basins have experienced strong impacts associated with deep fluid activity. In the Songliao, Bohai Bay, Northern Jiangsu, Sanshui, Yinggehai and Pearl Mouth Basins in China, a series of CO_2 reservoirs have been discovered. The CO_2 content is up to 99%, with δ~(13)C_(CO2) values ranging from-4.1‰ to-0.37‰ and ~3He/~4He ratios of up to 5.5 Ra. The abiogenic hydrocarbon gas reservoirs with commercial reserves, such as the Changde, Wanjinta, Zhaozhou, and Chaoyanggou reservoirs, are mainly distributed in the Xujiaweizi faulted depression of the Songliao Basin. The δ~(13)CCH4 values of the abiogenic alkane gases are generally -30‰ and exhibit an inverse carbon isotope sequence of δ~(13)C_(CH4)δ~(13)C_(C2H6)δ~(13)C_(C3H8)δ~(13)C_(C4H10). According to laboratory experiments, introducing external H_2 can improve the rate of hydrocarbon generation by up to 147% through the kerogen hydrogenation process. During the migration from deep to shallow depth, CO_2 can significantly alter reservoir rocks. In clastic reservoirs, feldspar is easily altered by CO_2-rich fluids, leading to the formation of dawsonite, a typical mineral in high CO_2 partial pressure environments, as well as the creation of secondary porosity. In carbonate reservoirs, CO_2-rich fluids predominately cause dissolution or precipitation of carbonate minerals. The minerals, e.g., calcite and dolomite, show some typical features, such as higher homogenization temperatures than the burial temperature, relatively high concentrations of Fe and Mn, positive Eu anomalies, depletion of 18 O and enrichment of radiogenic ~(87)Sr. Due to CO_2-rich fluids, the development of high-quality carbonate reservoirs is extended to deep strata. For example, the Well TS1 in the northern Tarim Basin revealed a high-quality Cambrian dolomite reservoir with a porosity of 9.1% at 8408 m, and the Well ZS1 C in the central Tarim Basin revealed a large petroleum reserve in a Cambrian dolomite reservoir at ~6900 m. During the upward migration from deep to shallow basin strata, large volumes of supercritical CO_2 may extract petroleum components from hydrocarbon source rocks or deep reservoirs and facilitate their migration to shallow reservoirs, where the petroleum accumulates with the CO_2. Many reservoirs containing both supercritical CO_2 and petroleum have been discovered in the Songliao, Bohaiwan, Northern Jiangsu, Pearl River Mouth and Yinggehai Basins. The components of the petroleum trapped with CO_2 are dominated by low molecular weight saturated hydrocarbons.     

A Discovery of ~3.1 Ga Basement in the Bohai Bay Basin

<正>Objective The North China Craton(NCC)is one of the oldest continental fragments,which underwent multistage crust growth during the early Precambrian from3.8 Ga to 1.8Ga.In previous studies,many zircon ages have been obtained from the exposed basement rocks.However,we know little about the hidden basement because of Phanerozoic to Cenozoic strata coverage.The drill holes provided a rare opportunity to obtain the basement rocks beneath the Bohai Bay Basin(BBB).In this study,we     

天津滨海新区自由贸易区建立与评价

在经济全球化背景下,特别是中国加入世贸组织之后,中国的保税区面临着向自由贸易区 转型的压力与趋势。自1990 年起天津滨海新区分别建立起了天津港保税区、空港经济区和东疆 港保税区。目前3 个保税区已发展成为中国发展最成功的保税区之一和天津滨海新区的重要组 成部分。尽管存在着功能和空间整合以及政策约束等问题,但无论是现有基础、政策支持和发 展趋势上看,天津滨海新区具有发展成一流自由贸易区的潜力。本文依据自由贸易理论和国外 自由港和自由贸易区发展经验,结合中国保税区发展现状、优势以及与典型自由贸易区存在的 差距,利用模糊综合评价法、层次分析法(AHP) 及问卷调查方法,初步建立起自由贸易区综合发 展水平评价模型和3 级指标体系。以香港自由港为参照,从目标效用度、开放自由度,功能开发 度及环境完善度4 个方面对天津滨海新区3 个保税区发展水平进行总体综合评价。根据评价结 果提出扩大开放自由政策、促进产业发展、完善环境和目标效用等方面的建议,并最终提出天津 滨海新区分阶段分别建设3 个保税区、3 个各自独立自由贸易区和统一的综合型自由贸易区的 “三阶段”方案设想。     

基于二维经验模态分解的重磁异常分离

由于地质过程的复杂性及成矿过程的多期次叠加性,原始重磁异常往往是多种地质因素的混合信息,既包含区域背景异常信息,也包含与矿床(体)、矿化蚀变带以及隐伏岩体等与找矿密切相关的地质要素所引起的局部重磁异常.如何从复杂的叠加重磁异常中分离出具有找矿意义的局部异常,是当前矿产勘查和资源潜力评价工作中面临的难题之一.采用经验模态分解(EMD)方法来分解重磁异常,为提高分解的稳健性提出了用双调和样条插值(BSI)进行包罗面插值的新方法,并以云南个旧地区重磁数据为例,对其进行非线性多尺度分解,实现对区域异常与局部重磁异常的分离,揭示了深层次找矿信息并拓宽了经验模态分解方法的应用领域.      

运用Excel及VBA语言快速智能地处理土工试验数据

运用Excel及其内置的VBA语言开发设计了土工试验数据处理程序"数据处理小旋风",用代码建立一个模块包含10个子过程,一个工作簿事件。该程序具有简洁友好的界面,快速化智能化,能有效地提高了工作效率。     

章丘市枣园桃花山地热田地质特征分析

章丘市枣园桃花山地区蕴藏着丰富的地热资源。根据煤矿勘探和地热普查成果,对桃花山地热田的地质背景、热储特征、地球物理化学特征等进行综合分析,认为桃花山地热田属于典型的带状兼层状、对流兼传导型地热田,热储层为奥陶纪马家沟组灰岩,该区地温梯度主要受断裂控制,断裂导热是形成该地温场的一个重要因素,地热水水源主要为渗入的溶滤水。     

中国北方农牧交错带生态脆弱性评价——以鄂尔多斯市为例

农牧交错带在我国区域生态安全建设中具有重要的生态地位。选择鄂尔多斯市作为研究区域,基于1988年和2000年自然和社会经济数据,通过对景观动态变化及生态脆弱性驱动因素的分析,确定脆弱性评价的指标体系,建立脆弱性评价模型,在GIS和SPSS软件支持下,运用空间主成分分析进行生态脆弱性评价。结果显示,鄂尔多斯大部分地区处于高度脆弱区和中度脆弱区,抵御外界干扰能力较差。生态脆弱性指数的空间分布有从东北、西部向中部逐渐增加的态势,生态脆弱性指数高的地区主要分布在人类活动比较频繁的城市区域、生态本底较为脆弱的库布齐沙漠和毛乌素沙地的西部地区。2000年与1988年相比,高度脆弱区分布范围有明显扩大、且连片趋势。其中,东胜区生态质量有所好转,准格尔旗没有较大变化,其他各旗都呈现恶化趋势,尤其以伊金霍洛旗为最。     

基于模糊综合评价模型的天津滨海新区湿地生态系统健康评价

以环渤海地区的天津滨海新区湿地为例,运用模糊综合评价模型对湿地生态系统的健康进行了诊断评价。首先从湿地生态特征、整体功能特征和社会经济3方面选取26个评价指标,构建了天津滨海新区湿地生态系统健康的评价体系。评价等级分为很健康、健康、一般、一般病态、疾病5级,运用定量与定性相结合的方法界定等级。运用模糊综合评价模型对天津滨海新区湿地生态系统健康进行诊断,评价综合得分为0.48,健康水平处于疾病状态,主要表现在水质污染严重和水源保证水平低、景观破碎化、功能退化3个方面。