Variations of antioxidant efficiency and presence of endosymbiotic diatoms in the Antarctic porifera Haliclona dancoi

The role of endosymbiotic diatoms as pro-oxidant stressors in porifera has been investigated in the Antarctic sponge Haliclona dancoi in which the presence of diatoms is influenced by marked seasonal variations during the austral summer. Both chlorophaeopigments and frustules were absent in sponge tissues sampled in early November at the beginning of the summer and increased from the mid of December with slightly shifted temporal trends. The efficiency of antioxidant defenses in the sponge showed a marked response to symbionts with clearly enhanced values corresponding to the peak of diatoms.     

应用C14测定浮游生物初级生产力的方法

本文从单位时间和单位体积内通过光合作用转变为有机碳的重量出发,介绍了一个测定有机物初级生产力的新的海洋学方法。为了使对此感兴趣的人都能够参照他们各自的需要来应用或改进这一同位素定量方法,我们简短地对操作方法和历史作了一般的评价之后,还作了相当详尽的叙述。     

海洋底质图

根据第一个五年国民经济发展计划所拟定的关于扩大巴伦支海工业渔捞场的计划,在三十年代初期给苏维埃海洋地质学提供了编制底质图的任务。同时,为了支援我国的工业及保证航海的需要,也提出了控制苏联富饶的海洋资源的任务。 还在上古时代、在航海的早期,就萌发了对海底成分和特性的兴趣。我国在十八世纪、开始编制标有底质特性的原始航行图。以后,在所有国家的航行图上,通常注明底质的名称和它的颜色、或者其它特点的标记;这种底质标记的方法,目前还在采用,但它的缺     

Oxidative stress in ecotoxicology: from the analysis of individual antioxidants to a more integrated approach

An integrate approach will be discussed for investigations on oxidative stress in xenobiotic toxicity. While the analysis of individual antioxidants is useful for their sensitivity and to understand the mode of action of a stressor, the integration with the analysis of the total antioxidant capacity provides a more holistic assessment of the overall biological significance of such variations. TOSC has a greater predictive value on the health condition of the organisms and allows to discriminate the different role of specific ROS in oxidative stress syndrome.     

混合流成沙波迁移中的砂粒运动

混合流成沙波迁移中的砂粒运动ＭｉｗａＹｏｋｏｋａｗａ等混合流即波浪与潮流相结合的流动，它已引起沉积学家的广泛关注．混合流沙波在下列环境中有较多报道，即现代及古代的潮流影响区、古风暴、滨面及陆架环境等．混合流沙波以圆的、不对称形态为特征，其中圆形剖面为...     

末次间冰期衰退时期的北大西洋海流和欧洲环境

北大西洋海流是大洋循环的重要组成部分，将热带的热量从墨西哥湾传输到北大西洋北部。这些热量被释放进向东移动的气团中，极大地改善了欧洲北部的冬季气候。我们通过模式模拟预测出：随着CO2浓度的持续增加(IPCC第3个评价报告：气候变化，2001)，下个世纪的大洋循环会极大地减弱。自从20世纪60年代早期以来，我们开始观察到由于来自Nordic海的流量减少，北大西洋北部的海水不断淡化(Hansen等，2001；Dickson等，2002)。     

两种涡鞭毛藻的周日垂直迁移特性研究

Ａｌｅｘａｎｄｒｉｕｍ ｌｕｓｉｔａｎｉｃｕｍ于１９８７年采自葡萄牙沿海，Ｙ－１００于１９８９年采自德国湾。在暗室中用一根柱长１５０ｃｍ，内径３．４ｃｍ的玻璃柱对两种涡鞭毛藻的垂直行特性进行研究。结果表明，两种藻均进行有规律的周日垂直迁移，且均在始前２ｈ开始向上迁移，光照结束前３ｈ开始向移速度约为２８０μｍ／ｓ，向下约为１４０μｍ／ｓ向下约为８５０μｍ／ｓ；Ｙ－１００向上迁移速度约为２８０μｍ／ｓ     

Different cardiac response to copper in limpets from metal polluted and clean shores of Hong Kong

The gastropod limpet, Cellana grata, is common on moderately exposed to exposed Hong Kong rocky shores. On the basis of the existing literature on trace metal contamination in Hong Kong, four sites were identified, representative of highly polluted (Aberdeen and Lei Yue Mun) and clean (Cape d'Aguilar and Clear Water Bay) conditions. Limpets from the two polluted sites showed similar, but significantly higher body concentrations of copper than limpets from the two clean sites, which were also similar. Non-invasive measurements of cardiac activity of limpets from the four sites showed between site differences in baseline heart rates under standard seawater, irrespective of pollution level. When acutely exposed to water borne copper (2 h, 0.5+/-0.06 SD ppm), however, limpets from clean sites showed a significantly higher increase in inter-beating time (bradycardia) than those from polluted sites. These results highlight the potential use of cardiac activity to assess the exposure of natural populations of limpets to trace metal pollution.     

印度西大陆边缘富含气体沉积物及气体水合物层的检测

在印度西大陆边缘外的高分辨率地震反射和浅层剖面都揭示了在内陆架上有空白反射、反射波终断与渗流相伴生的形式出现的声学屏蔽特征的存在。这些屏蔽现象揭示了富含气体沉积物的存在。在外陆架-中陆坡地区，那些麻坑地形及上覆水体中突出的羽状流都清楚地表明有气体从陆坡沉积物中渗流出来，而正是这种渗流反映了源岩的存在。地震剖面也揭示了中-下陆-陆隆地区存在着似海底反射波（BSR），同时推测认为存在着气体水合物。BSR大约出现在海底之下300-600ms(TWTT)、水深525-2200m的范围内，它们偶然地呈不连续特征。在BSR之上同样也可以见到清楚的反射空白区及声学空白带。相反，杂乱/或散射的双曲线反射波则出现在BSR之下，这可能是富含气体沉积物存在的一种反映。褶皱、底辟构造及断层均存于陆坡-陆隆区，它们可能成为流体及甲烷气体从深部向上运移的通道及圈闭。