全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1601篇 |
免费 | 136篇 |
国内免费 | 109篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 95篇 |
大气科学 | 136篇 |
地球物理 | 368篇 |
地质学 | 760篇 |
海洋学 | 203篇 |
天文学 | 162篇 |
综合类 | 33篇 |
自然地理 | 89篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 60篇 |
2021年 | 70篇 |
2020年 | 52篇 |
2019年 | 69篇 |
2018年 | 68篇 |
2017年 | 54篇 |
2016年 | 102篇 |
2015年 | 85篇 |
2014年 | 75篇 |
2013年 | 96篇 |
2012年 | 86篇 |
2011年 | 104篇 |
2010年 | 76篇 |
2009年 | 84篇 |
2008年 | 85篇 |
2007年 | 61篇 |
2006年 | 69篇 |
2005年 | 42篇 |
2004年 | 77篇 |
2003年 | 54篇 |
2002年 | 86篇 |
2001年 | 71篇 |
2000年 | 47篇 |
1999年 | 31篇 |
1998年 | 19篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
1956年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1846条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
81.
Kristoffersen Brage S. Bellout Mathias C. Silva Thiago L. Berg Carl F. 《Mathematical Geosciences》2021,53(8):1881-1905
Mathematical Geosciences - A data-driven automatic well planner procedure is implemented to develop complex well trajectories by efficiently adapting to near-well reservoir properties and geometry.... 相似文献
82.
Achieving long-term climate mitigation goals in Japan faces several challenges, starting with the uncertain nuclear power policy after the 2011 earthquake, the uncertain availability and progress of energy technologies, as well as energy security concerns in light of a high dependency on fuel imports. The combined weight of these challenges needs to be clarified in terms of the energy system and macroeconomic impacts. We applied a general equilibrium energy economic model to assess these impacts on an 80% emission reduction target by 2050 considering several alternative scenarios for nuclear power deployment, technology availability, end use energy efficiency, and the price of fossil fuels. We found that achieving the mitigation target was feasible for all scenarios, with considerable reductions in total energy consumption (39%–50%), higher shares of low-carbon sources (43%–72% compared to 15%), and larger shares of electricity in the final energy supply (51%–58% compared to 42%). The economic impacts of limiting nuclear power by 2050 (3.5% GDP loss) were small compared to the lack of carbon capture and storage (CCS) (6.4% GDP loss). Mitigation scenarios led to an improvement in energy security indicators (trade dependency and diversity of primary energy sources) even in the absence of nuclear power. Moreover, preliminary analysis indicates that expanding the range of renewable energy resources can lower the macroeconomic impacts of the long term target considerably, and thus further in depth analysis is needed on this aspect.
Key policy insights
For Japan, an emissions reduction target of 80% by 2050 is feasible without nuclear power or CCS.
The macroeconomic impact of such a 2050 target was largest without CCS, and smallest without nuclear power.
Energy security indicators improved in mitigation scenarios compared to the baseline.
83.
84.
Recently, various toppling slopes have emerged with the development of hydropower projects in the western mountainous regions of China. The slope on the right bank of the Laxiwa Hydropower Station, located on the mainstream of the Yellow River in the Qinghai Province of Northwest China, is a typical hard rock slope. Further, its deformation characteristics are different from those of common natural hard rock toppling. Because this slope is located close to the dam of the hydropower station, its deformation mechanism has a practical significance. Based on detailed geological engineering surveys, four stages of deformation have been identified using discrete element numerical software and geological engineering analysis methods, including toppling creep, initial toppling deformation, intensified toppling deformation, and current slope formation. The spatial and time-related deformation of this site also exhibited four stages, including initial toppling, toppling development, intensification of toppling, and disintegration and collapse. Subsequently, the mechanism of toppling and deformation of the bank slope were studied. The results of this study exhibit important reference value for developing the prevention–control design of toppling and for ensuring operational safety in the hydropower reservoir area. 相似文献
85.
Adeline Marinho Maciel Gilberto Camara Lubia Vinhas Michelle Cristina Araújo Picoli Rodrigo Anzolin Begotti Luiz Fernando Ferreira Gomes de Assis 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(1):176-192
Earth observation images are a powerful source of data about changes in our planet. Given the magnitude of global environmental changes taking place, it is important that Earth Science researchers have access to spatiotemporal reasoning tools. One area of particular interest is land-use change. Using data obtained from images, researchers would like to express abstractions such as ‘land abandonment’, ‘forest regrowth’, and ‘agricultural intensification’. These abstractions are specific types of land-use trajectories, defined as multi-year paths from one land cover into another. Given this need, this paper introduces a spatiotemporal calculus for reasoning about land-use trajectories. Using Allen’s interval logic as a basis, we introduce new predicates that express cases of recurrence, conversion and evolution in land-use change. The proposed predicates are sufficient and necessary to express different kinds of land-use trajectories. Users can build expressions that describe how humans modify Earth’s terrestrial surface. In this way, scientists can better understand the environmental and economic effects of land-use change. 相似文献
86.
China’s tourism industry has witnessed rapid progress in recent years, and is now an important part of global tourism in dealing with climate change. Within a framework of Pressure-State-Response (PSR), this paper focuses on the emission reduction pressure, carbon emission status, and responses of stakeholders in China’s tourism industry. Findings include: 1) The central government’s strategy and rapid growth of the industry scale exert rising pressure on China’s tourism to reduce carbon emissions. 2) Carbon emissions of China's tourism account for 13%-14.6% of global tourism, and about 3% of China’s emissions overall. Chinese tourists’ per capita carbon emission is lower than half of the global level. 3) The Chinese government attaches great importance to energy-saving and carbon emission reduction. In the tourism industry, documents, standards and other regulative measures have been issued to ensure that business practitioners set up green operational and managerial systems. In the field of tourism transportation, China's high-speed rail, new energy vehicles, and urban shared bicycles, have developed very rapidly in recent years, and they have effectively reduced the carbon emissions in traveling. Furthermore, this paper finds that Chinese tourists already have awareness and willingness for low-carbon tourism. 相似文献
87.
88.
89.
90.
M. Nunes
. Ferreira M. Schaefer J. Clifton B. Baily D. Moura C. Loureiro 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(10):506-515
Coastal hazards are in the interface of human activities with natural coastal processes. The conflicts arising from this relationship require new approaches suitable for coastal management that consider the dynamic of coastal areas. A method to assess hazard in rock cliffs is presented, combining cliff evolution forcing mechanisms along with protection factors, according to a weighted factors system. This method provides a rapid evaluation of vulnerability for cliffed areas, supporting coastal management and hazard mitigation. The method was applied to the rocky cliffs of the densely populated coastal zone between Galé and Olhos de Água (Southern Portugal), where high and very high hazard values were found to be dominant. A method validation was made using the vulnerability areas and the recorded mass movements over a 45 year period in the same area. 相似文献