深圳市公安地理信息系统数据库建设

根据深圳市公安局警用地理信息系统数据库建设的实际经验,阐述了系统后台的数据组织和库体设计,并就数据库的安全与维护进行探讨。     

泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)重组铁蛋白富集锰铁后的磁学性质解析

利用埋栖性双壳类生物泥蚶(Tegillarca granosa)重组铁蛋白富集锰铁的性质,在不同锰铁浓度下制备Fe-铁蛋白和Mn-铁蛋白磁性纳米颗粒,通过扫描电镜观察高、中和低三个浓度下制备Fe-铁蛋白和Mn-铁蛋白磁性纳米颗粒的表面形貌,通过PPMS综合物性测量系统测定Fe-铁蛋白和Mn-铁蛋白磁性纳米颗粒的磁学性质。结果显示,在低浓度(0.1mmol/L)锰铁制备的Fe-铁蛋白和Mn-铁蛋白磁性纳米颗粒粒径均一,分散性好;发现Fe-铁蛋白和Mn-铁蛋白的磁滞回线均表现为超顺磁性,且随着重组铁蛋白对锰铁富集量的增加,磁性强度随之增大,增加速率逐渐减小。通过本实验探索高、中和低三个浓度下制备Fe-铁蛋白和Mn-铁蛋白磁性纳米颗粒的磁化强度变化规律,为Fe-铁蛋白和Mn-铁蛋白磁性纳米颗粒的应用提供数据支持。     

An OSSE Study for Deep Argo Array using the GFDL Ensemble Coupled Data Assimilation System

An observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) using an ensemble coupled data assimilation system was designed to investigate the impact of deep ocean Argo profile assimilation in a biased numerical climate system. Based on the modern Argo observational array and an artificial extension to full depth, “observations” drawn from one coupled general circulation model (CM2.0) were assimilated into another model (CM2.1). Our results showed that coupled data assimilation with simultaneous atmospheric and oceanic constraints plays a significant role in preventing deep ocean drift. However, the extension of the Argo array to full depth did not significantly improve the quality of the oceanic climate estimation within the bias magnitude in the twin experiment. Even in the “identical” twin experiment for the deep Argo array from the same model (CM2.1) with the assimilation model, no significant changes were shown in the deep ocean, such as in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and the Antarctic bottom water cell. The small ensemble spread and corresponding weak constraints by the deep Argo profiles with medium spatial and temporal resolution may explain why the deep Argo profiles did not improve the deep ocean features in the assimilation system. Additional studies using different assimilation methods with improved spatial and temporal resolution of the deep Argo array are necessary in order to more thoroughly understand the impact of the deep Argo array on the assimilation system.     

乌兰察布市罕见暴雪的诊断分析

利用常规资料、数值预报产品和T213格点资料,从环流形势、物理量场等方面对乌兰察布市2007年3月2—4日的罕见暴雪及强寒潮进行了诊断分析。结果表明:高空冷槽、中低层低涡、地面河套倒槽锋面,是导致这次降雪及强寒潮的主要影响系统。而东高西低的环流形势使得西南气流将长江中下游的水汽及能量源源不断输送到乌兰察布市上空,为强降雪提供了水汽及能量的来源,副高位置偏西或偏北以及下游的阻塞系统稳定维持是这次暴雪发生的关键。     

Reflection multi‐scale envelope inversion

Sufficient low‐frequency information is essential for full‐waveform inversion to get the global optimal solution. Multi‐scale envelope inversion was proposed using a new Fréchet derivative to invert the long‐wavelength component of the model by directly using the low‐frequency components contained in an envelope of seismic data. Although the new method can recover the main structure of the model, the inversion quality of the model bottom still needs to be improved. Reflection waveform inversion reduces the dependence of inversion on low‐frequency and long‐offset data by using travel‐time information in reflected waves. However, when the underground medium contains strong contrast or the initial model is far away from the true model, it is hard to get reliable reference reflectors for the generation of reflected waves. Here, we propose a combination inversion algorithm, i.e., reflection multi‐scale envelope inversion, to overcome the limitations of multi‐scale envelope inversion and reflection waveform inversion. First, wavefield decomposition was introduced into the multi‐scale envelope inversion to improve the inversion quality of the long‐wavelength components of the model. Then, after the initial model had been established to be accurate enough, migration and de‐migration were introduced to achieve multi‐scale reflection waveform inversion. The numerical results of the salt‐layer model and the SEG/EAGE salt model verified the validity of the proposed approach and its potential.     

Rapid intensification of Super Typhoon Haiyan: the important role of a warm-core ocean eddy

Super Typhoon Haiyan devastated portions of Southeast Asia, particularly the Philippines, on November 8, 2013. In this paper, observational data are used to analyze the intensification process of Super Typhoon Haiyan. Observational data showed that Typhoon Haiyan intensified and the maximum sustained winds increased to 59 ms^?1 after it encountered a double warm-core ocean eddy, while the central pressure of the typhoon dropped from 970 hPa to 920 hPa. Numerical simulations and observational data show that the presence of the warm-core eddy combined with SST increases due to climate change led to the rapid intensification of Super Typhoon Haiyan. Comparing these two factors, the warm-core ocean eddy, which brings significantly more heat into the upper ocean, plays the leading role in the intensification, with climate warming making a lesser contribution. Moreover, due to the increased thickness of the mixed layer associated with the warm-core ocean eddy, Super Typhoon Haiyan did not significantly decrease the sea surface temperature to the east of the Philippines, as is typical of typhoons, and the largest decrease was approximately 1 °C.     

一种缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层胶结指数m计算新方法

碳酸盐岩储集空间类型多样、孔隙结构复杂,具有很强的非均质性,使得传统的阿尔奇公式应用效果不佳,主要原因之一在于胶结指数m的无法准确确定.基于多孔介质理论,在深入分析不同孔隙空间对储层导电贡献外,进一步考虑了孔隙形态对导电性能的影响,尤其是裂缝倾角,进而给出了全新的计算胶结指数m的方法,并深入剖析组成碳酸盐岩复杂孔隙空间的各部分对胶结指数m的影响.认为对于物性较差的缝洞型储层,裂缝倾角对胶结指数m的影响很大,当裂缝角度较小时,裂缝会使胶结指数m变小,而当裂缝角度较大时,裂缝反而会使胶结指数m变大;当储层物性很好时,裂缝倾角的影响则可以忽略.实际应用表明,利用基于裂缝倾角的多孔介质模型得到的胶结指数m所计算的含水饱和度精度相比传统方法有较大提高,且该方法适用于任何类型的储层,具有很好的应用性.     

基于平滑伪魏格纳-维勒分布的时频分析方法的震例回溯性研究

以四川及其邻区现有地磁台站数据为研究对象,基于平滑伪魏格纳-维勒分布的时频分析方法(SPWVD),对其进行时频计算,并对康定地震、九寨沟地震附近地磁台站及中强震活跃时段与平静时段的川滇地区部分地磁台站Z分量滤波后周期为4. 4h的振幅变化特征进行回溯性震例分析。研究发现:2014年康定地震之前,震中附近7个地磁台站4. 4h振幅存在同步高值异常现象,其中5个台的幅值为震前所研究时段的最高值;九寨沟地震前,震中附近6个台站存在同步相对高值的异常现象,其中3个台的幅值为震前所研究时段的最高值; 2014年川滇地震活跃时期,该区域地磁台站普遍存在4. 4h振幅同步异常,台站数量多、振幅大,与此时间段内中强地震发生强度呈正相关,在时间上呈现短临特征; 2018年川滇地区中强地震活动平静时期,4. 4h振幅变化较平稳,异常振幅相对较小,而后活跃期间同步异常的最大振幅增大且异常台站数量增加。综上所述,通过SPWVD时频方法对地磁数据进行处理和分析,以此得到的规律和认识,对未来川滇地区中强地震预测和研判区域地震活动性的强弱有积极意义。     

Heuristic search strategy based on probabilistic and geostatistical simulation approach for simultaneous identification of groundwater contaminant source and simulation model parameters

Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment - In this study, a heuristic search strategy based on probabilistic and geostatistical simulation approach is developed for simultaneous...     

2017年9月临城震群遗漏地震检测及发震构造初探

以河北测震台网记录的连续波形数据为基础,采用模板匹配滤波方法,检测2017年9月4日—6日河北临城震群遗漏地震。利用波形互相关扫描,检测到19次被测震台网常规分析遗漏的地震,震级范围为M_(L )0.0—1.2,并标定新检测地震事件的P波和S波到时,估计其震中位置及震级。通过地震精定位和最大地震震源机制解,认为此次临城地震序列的主要发震构造应为近EW向活动断层。