东北地区资源型城市转型过程中社会—经济—环境协调演化特征

借鉴协调发展相关理论,构建综合评价资源型城市社会、经济和环境转型的指标体系,利用面板数据回归模型测算2000-2014年系统内各要素对资源型城市协调转型的作用,对东北地区资源型城市转型以来协调发展的时空格局进行分析。研究发现：① 东北地区资源型城市转型协调水平呈现波动式缓慢上升的走势,共出现四次较大幅度的波动,空间上差异性先减弱后加剧,协调程度较高的地区主要集中在辽宁省南部,失调城市分布在黑龙江省北部边缘地区,无论是协调度水平变化或是空间分布上这种“两极”分化的趋势越来越明显。② 东北地区资源型城市协调转型发展总体水平不高,从划分类型看,协调发展型城市在社会—经济—环境各方面作用力均衡较好,对社会服务设施完善等方面投入强于发展调和型城市和失调衰退型城市,钢铁型城市协调转型水平强于石油型城市和冶金型城市,森工型城市表现最弱。③ 第三产业发展、教育、技术、非国营经济、生产生活环境等因素对协调转型的促进作用显著,但历史遗留问题、产业结构升级等仍待进一步解决,同时也对实践创新、体制机制改革提出了高要求。     

Multidimensional-unified topological relations computation: a hierarchical geometric algebra-based approach

This article presents a geometric algebra-based model for topological relation computation. This computational model is composed of three major components: the Grassmann structure preserving hierarchical multivector-tree representation (MVTree), multidimensional unified operators for intersection relation computation, and the judgement rules for assembling the intersections into topological relations. With this model, the intersection relations between the different dimensional objects (nodes at different levels) are computed using the Tree Meet operator. The meet operation between two arbitrary objects is accomplished by transforming the computation into the meet product between each pair of MVTree nodes, which produces a series of intersection relations in the form of MVTree. This intersection tree is then processed through a set of judgement rules to determine the topological relations between two objects in the hierarchy. Case studies of topological relations between two triangles in 3D space are employed to illustrate the model. The results show that with the new model, the topological relations can be computed in a simple way without referring to dimension. This dimensionless way of computing topological relations from geographic data is significant given the increased dimensionality of geographic information in the digital era.     

A discrete global grid system for earth system modeling

To support Earth system modeling, we propose a discrete global grid system that expresses multi-resolution spatial data. Specifically, a unified coding model that expresses a grid of nodes, edges, and cells is constructed for a triangular discrete global grid system. To fulfill the requirements of practical applications, we design a code-based topological query method for this grid system and an algorithm to transform between grid codes and geographic coordinates. We evaluate the Global Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (Global-FVCOM) on the triangular discrete global grid system in the proposed uniform coding model. The ocean tidal waves simulated by the Global-FVCOM running on the coded grid are then compared with results obtained using a traditional irregular spherical grid system, and the results display comparable accuracy. The uniform coding model proposed in this paper provides a triangular discrete global grid system that can represent multi-resolution spatial data and can be used in Earth system models. This unified coding model can also be applied to the geographic coordinate system made up of latitudes and longitudes, as well as diamond and hexagonal grids.     

基于能值法的乌兹别克斯坦食物消费及其特征分析（英文）

食物资源对人类生存至关重要,因此探究食物资源利用及其结构演变规律很有意义,对一些发展中国家尤其如此。本研究的基础数据主要来源于联合国粮食及农业组织和世界银行,采用能值法对乌兹别克斯坦自1992至2019年间的食物消费变化及其特征进行研究分析。主要得到以下两点结论：（1）国家食物消费呈现持续增加态势且具有明显的阶段性特征,主要包括低速反复阶段、快速提升阶段和高水平发展阶段。动物性食物消费变化较植物性食物更加显著;（2）人均食物年消费量变化同国家食物消费有相似的变化趋势。在人均食物年消费中,动物性食物消费占比一般比植物性食物占比高出2倍。当前乌兹别克斯坦居民食物消费主要是谷物和肉类相结合,其中谷物消费以小麦为主,肉类消费中以牛肉为主。此外,水果和蔬菜的消费需求进一步增多。随着人口进一步增加,食物多样性需求将更加强烈。当前,采取可持续性的措施以满足新的食物消费需求并保护资源和环境是非常必要的。     

基于PPT战略的广东省乐昌市生态旅游扶贫模式探讨

以贫困人口受益为出发点,基于有利于贫困人口发展的旅游(Pro-Poor Tourism,PPT)战略,以广东省乐昌市为例,开展适用于中国南方林区生态旅游扶贫开发的发展模式和旅游扶贫产业的发展路径研究.结果表明:1)政府部门、旅游企业、乡村社区和非营利社会组织都应在提升贫困人口参与度、减轻贫困和生态保护方面承担责任,具体...     

Spontaneous Structural Reform in Australian Local Government: the case of the Gilgandra Co-operative Model in New South Wales

Dire financial constraints and the threats of forced structural reform have had the unforeseen effect of forcing municipal councils across Australia to reconsider their operational activities and organisational arrangements. With considerable ingenuity, numerous municipalities have proposed and sometimes adopted new structural formations that embody various forms of co-operative service provision. This remarkable development has unfortunately been largely ignored in the scholarly literature on Australian local government. In a modest effort aimed at remedying this neglect, the present paper seeks to outline the small, rural New South Wales Gilgandra Shire Council's (2004) ‘Co-operative/Local Government Service Company’ model, place it in the broader context of alternative models of local governance suitable for Australian conditions, and evaluate its characteristics.     

产业集群与浦东集成电路产业建设

产业集群的形成是现代经济发展中的一个非常重要的现象。浦东集成电路产业集群是“国家集成电路产业基地”的核心,产业集群的形成对浦东集成电路产业提高竞争力具有重要的意义。本文分析了浦东集成电路产业集群的发展现状。指出目前浦东集成电路产业集群的建设还处于一个初步阶段,无论是企业间,还是企业与高校、科研机构或者其他组织机构间的创新合作交流都十分有限,从而在一定程度上抑制了集成电路产业整体学习能力和竞争力的提高。文章针对这些问题,从产业链、区域性产业发展政策、环境配套设施建设等方面提出了加强浦东集成电路产业集群建设的对策建议。     

华东中部洞穴的类型与特征

本文将华东中部地区的洞穴划为五种成因类型,并以典型洞穴为例,阐述了各类型洞穴的基本特征。同时,对本区洞穴的形态特征也作了分析。