射阳港近岸海域沉积物特征及冲淤趋势

海岸是陆地与海洋相互接触和影响的地带,通常指受波浪和潮汐等海洋动力作用的沿岸地带,同时也是人类社会经济发展的重要地带,大型人类工程往往会对其短期地貌变化和沉积物特征产生巨大影响。沉积物粒度分析是研究海洋沉积作用及过程的一个基础的、重要的方法,通过射阳港海岸动力地貌调查,研究了射阳港区不同时期的水下沉积物分布特征,将不同历史时期海图的等深线对海床冲淤变化进行对比分析,认为双导堤完工后导堤口区域出现了明显冲刷,导堤两侧出现淤积,沉积物颗粒变细,表明港口工程等局部影响因素会在短期内显著改变水动力地貌。     

An empirical relation for parameter mi in the Hoek–Brown criterion of anisotropic intact rocks with consideration of the minor principal stress and stress-to-weak-plane angle

Acta Geotechnica - The parameter mi accounts for the anisotropy of rock strength, and the accurate determination of mi is a primary requirement of the Hoek–Brown (H–B) strength...     

Basal stability analysis of braced excavations in anisotropic and non-homogeneous undrained clay using streamline velocity fields

Acta Geotechnica - A basal heave stability analysis in anisotropic and non-homogeneous undrained clay by using the kinematic approach of limit analysis is presented. The proposed failure mechanism...     

A novel index to evaluate discretization methods:A case study of flood susceptibility assessment based on random forest

The selection of a suitable discretization method(DM)to discretize spatially continuous variables(SCVs)is critical in ML-based natural hazard susceptibility assessment.However,few studies start to consider the influence due to the selected DMs and how to efficiently select a suitable DM for each SCV.These issues were well addressed in this study.The information loss rate(ILR),an index based on the informa-tion entropy,seems can be used to select optimal DM for each SCV.However,the ILR fails to show the actual influence of discretization because such index only considers the total amount of information of the discretized variables departing from the original SCV.Facing this issue,we propose an index,infor-mation change rate(ICR),that focuses on the changed amount of information due to the discretization based on each cell,enabling the identification of the optimal DM.We develop a case study with Random Forest(training/testing ratio of 7:3)to assess flood susceptibility in Wanan County,China.The area under the curve-based and susceptibility maps-based approaches were presented to compare the ILR and ICR.The results show the ICR-based optimal DMs are more rational than the ILR-based ones in both cases.Moreover,we observed the ILR values are unnaturally small(＜1％),whereas the ICR values are obviously more in line with general recognition(usually 10％-30％).The above results all demonstrate the superiority of the ICR.We consider this study fills up the existing research gaps,improving the ML-based natural hazard susceptibility assessments.     

市级自然资源调查监测体系构建探索——以徐州市为例

自然资源调查是实现自然资源统一管理的重要前提和基础性工作。本文通过对自然资源分类体系、调查方案和数据库组织的研究,构建了以第三次国土调查和各类专项调查数据为基础的自然资源调查监测体系,提出了新的数据库组织和更新方法,并在江苏省徐州市进行了实践验证,形成了地市级调查成果,旨在为全国范围内地级市自然资源调查工作提供参考,构建可复制、可推广的调查体系。     

陕西关中两次霾重污染过程气象条件分析

应用常规观测资料、污染物浓度资料和NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料从环流形势、边界层特征和扩散条件等方面对2013年和2016年两次持续性霾重污染过程进行对比分析。结果表明:①2013年过程和2016年过程在500hPa高空上分别为阻塞环流型和纬向环流型,关中地区受偏西气流影响、地面气压场较弱、大气层结均比较稳定;②2013年过程西安贴地逆温层顶高度低、相对湿度大、气温低、不利于大气垂直湍流交换,污染物容易堆积,这也是2013年过程比2016年过程重污染持续时间长、污染浓度高的原因之一;③两次过程西安平均风速均小于2m/s,具有显著的低风速特征,且东北风为其主导风向。持续东北风引起上游污染传输和低风速导致的本地污染累积是造成2013年过程污染浓度更高的重要因素;④2013年过程结束是受强冷空气影响,来自高空的干洁大气下沉到地面,置换了边界层的污染空气,使空气质量得到根本改善;而2016年过程是受高原槽东移影响,雨雪天气的沉降作用使得霾消散。     

Uncertainty of the Linear Trend in the Zonal SST Gradient Across the Equatorial Pacific Since 1881

The change in the zonal sea surface temperature gradient (ZSSTG) across the equatorial Pacific plays an important role in the global climate system. However, there has not yet been a consensual conclusion about the changing ZSSTG at either a short-term (from 20 to 90 years) or a long-term time scale (longer than 90 years) in the literature. In this study, the uncertainty of the trend in ZSSTG for different sub-periods since 1881 was examined using four interpolated datasets and four un-interpolated datasets. It was found that the trend in ZSSTG on the short-term time scale could be significantly influenced by internal variability such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. On the long-term time scale, the sign of the ZSSTG trend depends on the dataset used. In particular, it was not possible to draw a uniform conclusion about the secular trends in ZSSTG in recent history, given the high sensitivity of the ZSSTG trends to the period, dataset, and regions used to calculate the trends. Our results imply that it may not be possible to detect the response of ZSSTG to global warming until a longer data record becomes available in the future.     

基于偏最小二乘回归的区域换式风速预报订正技术研究

利用偏最小二乘回归技术,将预报产品作为自变量,相应的自动气象站观测资料作为因变量,对2013-2016年冬季浙江省中尺度区域模式预报近地面风速进行订正和评估。所选956站中多数站点风速订正后有所改善,通过定量分析可知浙江西部地区整体改善效果最好,其中效果明显站点占91.7%;中部地区改善效果明显站点占86.5%;东部沿海地区改善效果略差,明显改善的站点占67%。各地级市整体表现均不错,除舟山地区为49.9%外,其他地区风速改善比例均超过50%。选取2017年1月20日浙江东北地区沿海大风过程分析发现订正后的风速与观测风速更为接近,在定海大岛站点(靠里)中表现尤为明显,订正后的结果具有显著参考价值。     

水平地震作用下无锚固储罐应力与应变响应分析

在考虑地基与储罐相互作用的情况下,采用有限元法对储罐在水平地震荷载作用下的应力及应变反应进行了数值计算。对3×104m3和2×103m3罐壁应力及应变的分析结果表明:环向、轴向应力及应变的分布形式呈现出明显的下部大上部小的特点,在偏底部的位置出现应力和应变的峰值;储液罐在水平地震作用下“象足”变形是由纵向压应力达到屈曲临界应力导致的屈曲破坏,不是强度破坏,即破坏属于失稳破坏而非强度破坏。     

Study on inelastic displacement ratio spectra for near-fault pulse-type ground motions

In displacement-based seismic design, inelastic displacement ratio spectra (IDRS) are particularly useful for estimating the maximum lateral inelastic displacement demand of a nonlinear SDOF system from the maximum elastic displacement demand of its counterpart linear elastic SDOF system. In this study, the characteristics of IDRS for near-fault pulse-type ground motions are investigated based on a great number of earthquake ground motions. The in? uence of site conditions, ratio of peak ground velocity (PGV) to peak ground acceleration (PGA), the PGV, and the maximum incremental velocity (MIV) on IDRS are also evaluated. The results indicate that the effect of near-fault ground motions on IDRS are signifi cant only at periods between 0.2 s - 1.5 s, where the amplifi cation can approach 20%. The PGV/PGA ratio has the most signifi cant in? uence on IDRS among the parameters considered. It is also found that site conditions only slightly affect the IDRS.