河南嵩县庙岭金矿地质特征与钾长石40Ar/39Ar定年

河南嵩县庙岭金矿位于华北陆块南缘熊耳山—外方山地区。矿床赋存于中元古界熊耳群火山岩中近南北向断裂带内,矿体呈似层状、透镜状产出,矿石具浸染状、细网脉状构造和微细粒它形粒状晶粒结构、交代结构,围岩热液蚀变有硅化、钾长石化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化等,矿化具有多阶段的特点,属破碎带蚀变岩型金矿。成矿热液蚀变矿物钾长石Ar-Ar法测年的结果：坪年龄为121.6Ma±1.2Ma,等时线年龄为117.0Ma±1.6Ma,表明矿床形成于早白垩世,与熊耳山地区祁雨沟、瑶沟等金矿床形成于同一时期,属与早白垩世构造-岩浆-流体活动有关的产物。     

2000年苏门答腊M_S8.0地震对缅甸M_S6.5地震动态应力触发作用及影响因素

根据地震动态触发理论,计算了2000年苏门答腊MS8.0,地震在缅甸MS6.5地震破裂面上产生的动态库仑应力:正峰值为1.357 5 MPa,负峰值为-1.113 5 MPa。峰值大于地震触发阈值0.01 MPa,苏门答腊地震的发生对缅甸地震具有一定的触发作用。在计算过程中发现,主震基本参数、传播过程中介质参数和被触发地震断层参数的准确性对计算结果有较大影响。     

Petroleum pollution and evolution of water quality in the Malian River Basin of the Longdong Loess Plateau,Northwestern China

The possible sources of water pollution and the evolution of water quality in the Malian River Basin of China’s Longdong Loess Plateau were studied based on chemical analysis. Concentrations of major chemicals in the river were related to the distance downstream from the source of the river and the surface water in the upstream had good quality, while the river from Southern Huanxian County to Qingcheng County was seriously polluted. Groundwater quality was generally good in the phreatic aquifer beneath the loess plateau, with bicarbonate and calcium dominant, but salinity was high and petroleum pollution was present in many parts of the study area. Both surface water and groundwater quality have declined rapidly during the past 20 years, leading to much of the water unsafe to drink and unsuitable for use in irrigation. The substances released into the water included industrial wastes, domestic sewage, organic and inorganic fertilizers, and pesticides, as well as a range of other substances that are harmful to humans. However, petroleum contamination caused by the oil industry in the Longdong oilfield is the largest source of pollution that infiltrates surface water and groundwater, leading to deterioration of water quality. It is recommended that oilfield management must be improved and the petroleum products and wastes must be disposed carefully to reduce the risk of further spills and pollution.     

Soil temperature and moisture controls on surface fluxes and profile concentrations of greenhouse gases in karst area in central part of Guizhou Province, southwest China

In order to better understand the spatiotemporal variations and interrelationships of greenhouse gases (GHG), monthly surface fluxes and profile concentrations of GHG (CO₂, N₂O and CH₄) in karst areas in the Guizhou Province, southwest China, were measured from June 2006 to May 2007. GHG fluxes showed high variability, with a range of 460.9?C1,281.2?mg?m^?2?h^?1 for CO₂, ?25.4 to 81.5???g?m^?2?h^?1 for N₂O and ?28.7 to ?274.9???g?m^?2?h^?1 for CH₄, but no obvious seasonal change trends of the fluxes existed. Profile concentrations of CO₂, N₂O and CH₄ varied between 0.5 and 31.5?mL?L^?1, 0.273 and 0.734, and 0.1 and 3.5???L?L^?1, respectively. In general, concentrations of CO₂ and N₂O increased with depth, while CH₄ had an inverse trend. However, in October, November and January, the reversal of depth patterns of GHG concentrations took place below 15?cm, close to the soil?Crock interface. The spatiotemporal distribution of CO₂ in soil profile was significantly positively correlated with that of N₂O (p?<?0.05?C0.01) and negatively correlated with that of CH₄ (p?<?0.01). The correlation analysis showed that soil temperature and moisture may be responsible for GHG dynamics in the soils, rather than the exchange of GHG between land and atmosphere.     

WRF模式与Topmodel模型在洪水预报中的耦合预报试验研究

基于空间分辨率90 m×90 m的湖北荆门漳河水库数字高程模型（DEM）地形数据,并从2012-2015年选取了20场洪水过程（其中16场用于模拟,4场用于检验）,将华中区域数值天气预报业务模式WRF提供的三重嵌套空间分辨率3 km×3 km、9 km×9 km和27 km×27 km预报降雨与集总式新安江模型以及半分布式水文模型Topmodel耦合进行洪水预报试验。通过对比试验得到以下结论：当流域降雨的时、空分布比较均匀时,集总式新安江模型可以较准确地预报出洪峰流量和峰现时间,而当降雨时、空分布差异较大时,预报误差也会随之增大。基于DEM数据建立的Topmodel模型可以反映不同降雨时、空分布下洪水预报结果的差异,试验结果表明,3 km×3 km和9 km×9 km洪水预报的输出结果比较接近,且在确定性系数和洪峰相对误差上要优于27 km×27 km的洪水预报结果,而在峰现时差的预报上,则是27 km×27 km的洪水预报结果与实测较吻合。通过研究还发现,虽然当流域降雨的时、空分布存在一定差异时,3种空间分辨率的WRF预报降雨均无法预报出与实测一致的降雨分布,但是在某些情况下,当降雨的时间分布误差和空间分布误差相抵消时,仍然可以得到较为准确的洪水预报结果。因此,高时、空分辨率的模式预报降雨并不一定就能对洪水预报结果产生正贡献,需要通过反复尝试寻找水文模型和数值模式耦合的最佳时、空分辨率。     

贵州省旅游景区旅游气候优势分析

利用2016—2018年贵州省89个4A及5A级旅游景区与同期县级气象站气温、湿度、风、降雨等自动站观测要素,建立多元回归模型,重建景区1961—2014年逐日的温度、湿度、风等历史资料,计算了旅游气候适宜性指数,分析贵州省旅游景区的旅游适宜性,挖掘景区避暑避寒优势。结果表明：景区历史资料重建值较温度递减率计算值更接近实际观测数据,重建值有很好的实用价值;贵州省旅游景区适游期长, 4—11月是全省旅游适宜期;全省4A级以上景区旅游气候适宜性为非常适宜和适宜等级的总占比大于2/3,比较适宜等级约占1/3,全省全年无旅游气候适宜性为较差等级的景区;贵州夏季非常适宜避暑的景区主要集中在中西部地区,北部、东部和南部地区避暑条件属于适宜区,冬季避寒资源主要集中在南部边缘地区。     

超高阶次勒让德函数递推计算中的压缩因子和Horner求和技术

摘要：超高阶次（如2000阶次）缔合勒让德函数值的递推计算,在接近两极时达到极大的数量级（超过10的数千次方）,这导致现有递推方法在计算缔合勒让德函数值及其导数值时失效。我们通过插入压缩因子技术,提出一个修改的递推算法,并结合使用Horner求和技术计算球谐级数的部分和。试验表明,该算法至少可以计算到3600完全阶次的球谐级数式,优于现有结果。     

基于MapServer的教育地理信息系统构建

基于Web的教育地理信息系统(EDUGIS)是教育信息化建设的重要组成部分.本文以WebGIS开源平台MapServer为框架,设计了教育地理信息系统的框架和功能结构.引入Ajax技术的组织结构,并结合开源数据库PostgreSQL开发了网络教育地理信息系统.该系统可以直观地对各种形式的教育地理信息进行显示和查询,对教...     

Constructing a Near Real‐time Space‐time Cube to Depict Urban Ambient Air Pollution Scenario

This study adopts a near real‐time space‐time cube approach to portray a dynamic urban air pollution scenario across space and time. Originating from time geography, space‐time cubes provide an approach to integrate spatial and temporal air pollution information into a 3D space. The base of the cube represents the variation of air pollution in a 2D geographical space while the height represents time. This way, the changes of pollution over time can be described by the different component layers of the cube from the base up. The diurnal ambient ozone (O₃) pollution in Houston, Texas is modeled in this study using the space‐time air pollution cube. Two methods, land use regression (LUR) modeling and spatial interpolation, were applied to build the hourly component layers for the air pollution cube. It was found that the LUR modeling performed better than the spatial interpolation in predicting air pollution level. With the availability of real‐time air pollution data, this approach can be extended to produce real‐time air pollution cube is for more accurate air pollution measurement across space and time, which can provide important support to studies in epidemiology, health geography, and environmental regulation.     

利用数学形态学的遥感影像水系提取方法

针对目前遥感水系提取存在的问题,提出了一种基于数学形态学的遥感影像水系提取方法。该方法在光谱模式识别提取水体信息的基础上,利用数学形态学方法将提取的水体结果进行断线连接、去噪及细化等处理,从而得到连续的水系。以Landsat ETM+影像为例进行了实验,结果表明,该方法可以提取连续、完整的水系;且提取的水系精度与现势性均优于国家测绘局发布的1∶25万数字线划图(DLG)水系。