架空缆索遥控自动除垢加油器的研制

缆道测流方法是应用最广泛、最成熟的测流方法。水文测验缆道作为水文测报工作中重要的基本设施之一,随着水文现代化的发展,原始的手摇缆道逐渐实现了自动化,但测流缆道架空缆索保养仍靠人工实现,危险性强、作业难度大,遥控自动除垢加油器的研制成功,实现除垢与加油自动同步进行,提高了缆索保养的效率和质量,延长了缆索的使用寿命。     

北太平洋涡旋振荡研究进展

从观测事实和动力机制两方面,对近年发现的新的气候模态——北太平洋涡旋振荡（NPGO）的研究成果进行系统总结。NPGO的空间结构表现为北太平洋上海表高度异常（SSHA）的正负中心呈南北偶极子分布,当NPGO位于正位相时,南北涡流都加强,这种加强是由风应力旋度及风生涌流所驱动的。关于NPGO的机制研究发现,NPGO是中纬太...     

Dynamic Study on Fracture Problems in Viscoelastic Sedimentary Rocks Using the Numerical Manifold Method

The viscoelastic deformation behavior of a sedimentary rock under different loading rates is numerically modeled and investigated by the numerical manifold method (NMM). By incorporating a modified 3-element viscoelastic constitutive mode in the NMM, crack initiation and propagation criteria, and crack identification and evolution techniques, the effects of the loading rates on the cracking behavior of a sedimentary rock, such as crack open displacement, crack sliding displacement, crack initiation, crack propagation and final failure mode, are successfully modeled. The numerical results reveal that under a high loading rate (>1,000 MPa/s), due to the viscoelastic property of the sedimentary rock, not only the structural behavior deviates from that of elastic model, but also different cracking processes and final failure modes are obtained.     

Production of Levulinic Acid from Bagasse and Paddy Straw by Liquefaction in the Presence of Hydrochloride Acid

A method of levulinic acid production from bagasse and paddy straw is presented. Biomass waste was mixed with hydrochloride acid and water, and then liquefied at about 200°C in a pressurized reactor. Both the mass of the biomass and the amount of hydrochloride acid were kept as constants, and the effects of temperature, reaction time, and acid concentration on the levulinic acid yield were studied. It was found that the yield of levulinic acid was maximum when the reaction temperature was carried out for 45 min at 220°C using 4.45% concentration of hydrochloride acid, and the maximum yields of levulinic acid were 22.8 and 23.7% for bagasse and paddy straw, respectively. The products were analyzed using NMR, HPLC, and GC/MS.     

Electromagnetic anomaly before earthquakes measured by electromagnetic experiments

Three experiments are carried out for earthquake monitoring using electromagnetic (EM) methods in recent years. Some earthquakes occurred in chance of the measurement time period for each experiment and the anomalies were recorded before the shocks. The observation at a site 20 km away from the epicenter of Zhangbei MS6.2 earthquake in 1998 shows that the apparent resistivity decreases in the strike direction before and/or during the earthquake and the resistivity increases in the de-cline direction. This a...     

GPS系统在坝体强震监测中的授时技术与应用

在地震监测行业,由于GPS能提供准确的公众时间,授时精度高、性能稳定、维护管理方便等特点得到了普遍应用。但在水利枢纽工程的大坝强震监测中,要想对不同坝段的测点系统进行GPS统一授时,得到更高的时间精度,却存在一定困难。为此,本文重点介绍了如何解决坝体内离坝面较远测点进行GPS精确授时问题及其涉及到的技术要点,解决方案及实施方法,并简述了GPS时间信息的获取方式,对授时过程中产生延时误差的原因进行了详细分析。     

Visibility Characteristics over the South China Sea during 1980–2018 Based on Gridded Data Generated by Artificial Neural Network

This paper generated gridded visibility(Vis) data from 1980 to 2018 over the South China Sea(SCS) based on artificial neural network(ANN), and the accuracy of the generated data was tested. Then, temporal and spatial characteristics of Vis in the area were analyzed based on the generated Vis data. The results showed that Vis in the southern SCS was generally better than that in the northern SCS. In the past 39 years, Vis in both spring and winter has improved, especially in winter at a significant increased speed of 0.37 km decade~(-1). However, Vis in both summer and autumn has decreased, especially in summer with an obvious reduction of 0.84 km decade~(-1). Overall, Vis is best in summer and worst in winter, averaging 31.89 km in summer and 20.96 km in winter, which may be related to the difference of climatic conditions and wind speed in different seasons. At the same time, probability of low Vis in spring is significantly higher than that in other seasons, especially in the northwest of Hainan Island and the northwest of Malaysia.     

西藏东巧蛇绿岩中辉长岩锆石SHRIMP定年及其地质意义

东巧蛇绿岩位于分割羌塘地块和拉萨地块的班公湖—怒江缝合带中段,是该带最著名的产铬铁矿床的蛇绿岩残片之一。该蛇绿岩遭受构造肢解,恢复后的蛇绿岩剖面各岩石单元齐全。本文应用SHRIMPⅡ锆石UPb法,对东巧蛇绿岩中堆晶辉长岩进行了测年,获得辉长岩年龄为187.8±3.7 Ma。该年龄代表了东巧洋盆的形成时代,为确定研究区特提斯洋盆的古构造格局及其发育演化过程等提供了重要的年代学制约。     

罗布莎蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩同位素特征及其成因

罗布莎蛇绿岩岩石单元出露齐全,以地幔橄榄岩为主,构造变形强烈;在堆积杂岩中上部产出有仰冲型斜长花岗岩小岩块;辉绿岩以脉状形式产出于地幔橄榄岩的方辉橄榄岩中;壳层岩石相对很薄且比较复杂.Sr、Nd和Pb同位素组成研究表明:罗布莎地幔橄榄岩绝大多数样品具有高ISr值(0.705489～0.714625);低INd值(0.5...