福州市马尾地区第四纪地层划分及海相层分析

通过对该区钻孔剖面贡料,结合~(14)C、古地磁、孢粉及微体古生物等资料综合分析研究,对该区第四纪地层提出划分意见和自第四纪晚期以来,地层中存在着典型两期海侵所形成的海相层。     

Sea surface height anomaly and geostrophic circulation variations in the South China Sea from TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry

The sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) and geostrophic circulation in the South ChinaSea (SCS) are studied using TOPEX/POSE1DON (T/P) altimetry data. The SSHA, which is obtained after tidal correction based on the tidal results from T/P data, is predominated by seasonal alternating monsoons. The results reveal that the SSHA in the central part of the SCS is positive in spring and summer, but negative in autumn and winter. It is also found that the SSHA in the SCS can be approached with the sum of tidal constituents SA and SSA. The geostrophic circulations in the SCS are calculated according to sea surface dynamic topography, which is the sum of SSHA and mean sea surface height. It is suggested that the circulation in the upper layer of the SCS is generally cyclonic and notably western intensified during autumn and winter, while the western intensification is weak during spring and summer. It is also indicated that the Kuroshio intrudes into the northeastern SCS throuth the Luzon Strait in winter. But ther     

云南腾冲青海湖泊沉积物物化参数的特点、环境意义及末次冰消期以来气候环境变化

根据对云南腾冲青海湖泊沉积钻孔样品的粒度特征、总有机碳、碳酸盐、磁化率及年代学分析测试, 探讨了各指标的变化特点及其环境指示意义, 指出了云南高原湖泊沉积物化指标的特殊性及其变化特点。在此基础上, 重建了云南腾冲地区末次冰消期(15830a B.P.)以来沉积环境与气候干湿变化历史。通过青海沉积物年代序列的重建和综合各物化参数分析得出, 云南腾冲地区自15830a B.P.以来总体呈现冷湿-温湿-暖干-温和偏干的气候演变过程, 并可分为4个阶段, 即15830~12790a B.P.气候温凉偏湿; 12790~4680a B.P.为温暖湿润期, 湖泊水位高, 气候湿暖, 降水多; 4680~312a B.P.气候特征呈现出从温湿到暖干气候逐渐演化, 降水减少, 湖泊水位下降; 312a B.P.以来气候特征为前期温和湿润, 后期具有暖干化特征, 反映了近几十年来全球气候变暖导致的气候变化趋势并叠加了研究区人类活动对区域环境的影响。     

基于环境参数的极端暴雨指数构建及其应用

采用百分位法和1981—2010年30年逐年日降水量资料,设置了河南省极端暴雨阈值和区域极端暴雨标准,据此选取1981—2016年河南省极端暴雨个例13例,使用欧洲中期天气预报中心1°×1°再分析资料(ERA-Interim)对其环境参数进行分析,发现:表征大气水汽、动力及不稳定条件的环境参数,如850 hPa比湿和涡度、700 hPa垂直速度和V风分量,200 hPa散度、整层可降水量、K指数、0～3 km垂直风切变等,在极端暴雨过程中的平均值远远偏离其气候平均值,上述环境参数对极端暴雨预报有指示意义;环境参数的标准差倍数与降雨量具有较好相关性,二者的分位值基本沿y=x的对角线分布,环境参数标准差倍数分位值≥80%时,对异常降水(降水分位≥90%)有明显正相关;而环境参数标准差倍数分位较低时(40%),则更多对应了小量级降水。单一环境参数的异常往往不能体现降水异常程度,基于对极端暴雨有明确指示意义的8个环境参数,组建了极端暴雨指数(ERI),经13例极端暴雨个例回代和预报效果评估,ERI≥0.7时,极端暴雨TS评分达35%,漏报率为27%,空报率为49%,可将其作为极端暴雨预报的参考阈值。2018年"温比亚"台风极端暴雨过程中应用表明,该指数对极端暴雨落区预报有较好参考意义。     

Development mechanism for the landslide at Xinlu Village,Chongqing, China

Due to the continuous and intense rainfall from June 26 to 28, 2016, Xinlu Village in Ganshui Town, Qijiang District, Chongqing, experienced a unitary-slip landslide at approximately UTC+8 19:30 on June 28. This landslide disrupted the Chuan-Qian railway and damaged four residential buildings. To analyze and rehabilitate the landslide, the engineering geology, hydrological conditions, and deformation instability mechanism of this landslide were investigated and comprehensively analyzed based on an in situ survey, geophysical drilling, and a laboratory quick-shearing test. The results show that the landslide is a typical gradual progressive landslide.     

Fatigue-Damage Evolution Characteristics of Interbeded Marble Subjected to Dynamic Uniaxial Cyclic Loads

In this work, uniaxial fatigue tests combined with post-test X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning were conducted on marble samples with different interbed orientations, in order to reveal the anisotropic damage evolution characteristics during rock failure. The dynamic elastic modulus, damping ratio, fatigue deformation, damage evolution, accumulative damage modeling and crack pattern were systematically analyzed. The testing results indicate that the interbed structure in marble affects the damage evolution and the associated dynamic mechanical behaviors. The damage curve in “S” style indicates three-stage trend, namely, initial damage stage, steady damage stage and the accelerated damage stage. The damage index during cyclic deformation for marble presents obvious discrepancy. In addition, a fatigue damage prediction models was employed numerically as double-term power equations based on the experimental data. It is found that the selected damage model is suitable in modeling the rapid damage growth in the early and final stage of rock fatigue lifetime. Moreover, post-test CT scanning further reveals the anisotropic damage characteristics of marble, the crack pattern in the fractured sample is controlled by the interbed structure. What is more, the most striking founding is that the fracture degree is in consistent with the damage accumulation within the steady damage stage. Through a series of damage mechanical behavior analysis, the internal mechanism of the effect of interbed orientation on damage evolution of marble is firstly documented.

     

电离层E_S层对综合射束污染的初步分析

本文考虑到干涉仪对电离层中不同尺度不规则性的滤波作用、结合密云米波综合孔径系统、提出了电离层E_(?)层是电离层不规则性影响该系统的主要根源。不规则性的尺度约在700～1000米的范围。再考虑到E_(?)层的漂移运动,提出了文中所描述的模型。用电子计算机进行了E_(?)层对综合射束污染的模拟计算,结果指出:射束主瓣的增益下降约10％,副瓣由13％增大到18％;综合射束在赤经方向出现不对称性,从而引起约0.6秒的赤经误差;射束的边缘处和两个扇形区出现了杂瓣。     

新疆库鲁克塔格南华纪成矿体系特征

新疆库鲁克塔格地区南华系地层层序十分发育,该区南华系有3次冰川活动的沉积记录; 该区与Rodinia 超大陆裂解有关的构造岩浆事件发生时限为830～630 Ma; 区域内分布的且干布拉克蛭石矿和兴地Ⅱ号铜镍矿床与南华纪的Rodinia超大陆裂解有关; 库鲁克塔格地块在南华纪可能是华南板块的边缘块体,它与华南板块上大范围分布的同期火成岩为Rodinia超大陆裂解时地慢柱活动的产物。     

应用神经网络建立加速度峰值衰减规律

在假定了加速度峰值衰减规律的形式后，本采用人工神经网络拟合实际加速度峰值观测资料来求取方程中的待定系数。为加速神经网络的训练，本设计了基于ＢＰ学习算法的目标分段网络训练法。     

Ionospheric response to the geomagnetic storm on 13–17 April 2006 in the West Pacific region

This paper presents an investigation of geomagnetic storm effects in the equatorial and middle-low latitude F-region in the West Pacific sector during the intense geomagnetic storm on 13–17 April, 2006. The event, preceded by a minor storm, started at 2130 UT on April 13 while interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B_z component was ready to turn southward. From 14–17 the ionosphere was characterized by a large scale enhancement in critical frequency, foF2 (4～6 MHz) and total electron content (TEC) (～30TECU, 1TECU=1×10¹⁶el/m²) followed by a long-duration negative phase observed through the simultaneous ionospheric sounding measurements from 14 stations and GPS network along the meridian 120°E. A periodic wave structure, known as traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) was observed in the morning sector during the initial phase of the storm which should be associated with the impulsive magnetospheric energy injection to the auroral. In the afternoon and nighttime, the positive phase should be caused by the combination of equatorward winds and disturbed electric fields verified through the equatorial F-layer peak height variation and modeled upward drift of Fejer and Scherliess [1997. Empirical models of storm time equatorial electric fields. Journal of Geophysical Research 102, 24,047–24,056]. It is shown that the large positive storm effect was more pronounced in the Southern Hemisphere during the morning-noon sector on April 15 and negative phase reached to lower magnetic latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere which may be related to the asymmetry of the thermospheric condition during the storm.