乌鳢和白乌鳢的比较研究

根据前人的工作,乌鳢分为三个亚种,乌鳢指名亚种Ophicephalus argus argusCantor黑龙江乌鳢O.a.warpachowskii Berg和白乌鳢O.a.kimurai(Shih)本文重点对乌鳢指名亚种和白乌鳢进比较。从形态特征、乳酸脱氢酶和酯酶同工酶表型及染色体组型上,没有发现明显差异(体色除外),并且两者分布区重叠。据此,作者认为,白乌鳢不能被划为一个亚种,而只能认为是普通乌鳢(指名亚种)的变异个体。文章还对亚种划分的标准问题,进行了讨论。     

A numerical study of the impact of SST anomaly in the warm pool area on atmospheric circulation in winter

In this paper the impacts of the anomalous SST in the warm pool area of the Western Equatorial Pacific on the winter time circulation and the East Asian monsoon are studied by using the NCAR CCM. It is found that the abnormal heating in the warm pool area will change the strength and the position of the Walker Cell in the Equatorial Pacific and the anti-Walker Cell in the equatorial Indian Ocean. Both the Walker and anti-Walker Cells are strengthened. The local Hadley Cells over two hemispheres near the warm pool are also strengthened. The subtropical highs in two hemispheres become stronger and move poleward slightly. The westerly jets in the extratropical regions have similar changes as the subtropical highs. The winter monsoon in South-East Asia is weakened by the abnormal heating in the warm pool. The experiment also show that there are wave trains emanating from surrounding areas of the warm pool to the high latitudes, causing various changes in circulations and local weather.     

新型船载气象卫星接收系统

新型船载气象卫星接收系统为南极考察船的航海气象保障和在南大洋冰区中航行导航专门研制.该系统能够适应高温、高湿和低温超饱和的气候环境,在12级以上大风和船在破冰时剧烈摇摆和振动以及有雷达等强磁场信号干扰的情况下,具有自我保护能力.有极轨高分辨和静止低分辨卫星的双套接收和图像处理系统.该系统的关键创新之处:(1)采用了有源陀螺仪稳定平台.利用惯性测量和三轴伺服机构控制天线和隔离船摇.解决极轨卫星低仰角和过顶轨道高仰角跟踪丢线的矛盾,解决了船在运动状态下,不断改变位置、方向以及摇摆的状态下,准确地跟踪和捕捉到卫星,接收到清晰的卫星云图.(2)图像处理系统用了最新的BORLAND-DELPHI语言编程,采用两行元素的轨道模式计算动态定位套网格系统.利用电子地图网格数据,用迭代法画出地形海岸线.计算出每一像元素的位置;能够在图上显示任意一点的经纬度,标出任意目标物.解决了在海洋中航行找不到参照物时的困惑.能够监测云和温度、林火、海洋及陆地的异常变化.能够输出24位真彩色的高清晰度的卫星云图.该系统整体结构技术先进,体积小,重量轻,适应恶劣气候和海洋环境,图像处理系统功能齐全、分辨率高,操作方便.既适用于各种船只,也适用于陆地.     

西沙群岛的棘皮动物 Ⅰ.海参纲

中国科学院海洋研究所曾多次到我国西沙群岛进行海洋生物的采集工作；作者参加过一次考察，并对该岛的棘皮动物进行过专门的采集与观察。 富饶的西沙群岛，盛产海参，有的地方，可谓俯拾皆是。全世界约40种海参可供食用，而西沙群岛即产有20种。世界上一些名贵的种类，例如梅花参、黑乳海参、蛇目白尼参和辐肛参等，该岛均有出产。 本文报道了经济意义较大的海参纲动物的研究结果，共检查了标本425个，鉴定为41种，分隶于3目，5科，16属，内有一新种，有14种在我国系首次记录。     

西沙群岛的棘皮动物 Ⅴ.海百合纲和总结

本文是西沙群岛棘皮动物研究报告的最后部分,包括海百合纲和总结。研究材料和以前一样是中国科学院海洋研究所采集的标本。西沙群岛珊瑚礁海百合种类不多,数量也很贫乏。共采56个标本,通过研究鉴定,仅包括3种海羊齿(Comatulids)，其中有一种在我国是首次记录。     

厦门东渡港和筼筜湖疏浚物海洋倾废后镉化学行为模拟研究

本文报道了在实验室条件,对厦门东渡港和筼筜湖疏浚物海洋倾废后Cd的溶出,及已达溶出平衡的疏浚物对天然海水中Cd再吸附的模拟研究的结果,讨论了溶出与再吸附过程所遵循的动力学规律。     

Understanding fen hydrology across multiple scales

Fens, which are among the most biodiverse of wetland types in the USA, typically occur in glacial landscapes characterized by geo‐morphologic variability at multiple spatial scales. As a result, the hydrologic systems that sustain fens are complex and not well understood. Traditional approaches for characterizing such systems use simplifying assumptions that cannot adequately capture the impact of variability in geology and topography. In this study, a hierarchical, multi‐scale groundwater modelling approach coupled with a geologic model is used to understand the hydrology of a fen in Michigan. This approach uses high‐resolution data to simulate the multi‐scale topographic and hydrologic framework and lithologic data from more than 8500 boreholes in a statewide water well database to capture the complex geology. A hierarchy of dynamically linked models is developed that simulates groundwater flow at all scales of interest and to delineate the areas that contribute groundwater to the fen. The results show the fen receiving groundwater from multiple sources: an adjacent wetland, local recharge, a nearby lake and a regional groundwater mound. Water from the regional mound flows to an intermediate source before reaching the fen, forming a ‘cascading’ connection, while other sources provide water through ‘direct’ connections. The regional mound is also the source of water to other fens, streams and lakes in this area, thus creating a large, interconnected hydrologic system that sustains the entire ecosystem. In order to sustainably manage such systems, conservation efforts must include both site‐based protection and management, as well as regional protection and management of groundwater source areas. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Excitation of Annual Polar Motion by the Pacific,Atlantic and Indian Oceans

The global oceans play important roles in exciting the annual polar motion besides the atmosphere. However,it is still unclear about how large the regional oceans contribute to the annual polar motion. We investigate systemically the contributions of the Pacific,Atlantic and Indian Oceans to the excitation of the annual polar motion,based on the output data of ocean current velocity field and ocean bottom pressure field from "Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO)" ocean circulation model over the period 1993-2005. The result shows that due to its particular location and shape,the Atlantic Ocean makes a less significant contribution to the x-component of the annual polar motion excitation than the Pacific and Indian Oceans,while all these three oceans contribute to the y-component of the annual polar motion excitation to some extent.     

应用MATLAB设计高效多级抽取滤波器

介绍如何应用Matlab设计级联梳状(CIC)滤波器、半带滤波器和有限脉冲响应(FIR)滤波器。并设计了一种高效的多级抽取滤波器，将该算法用数字信号处理器(DSP)进行验证，结果表明，该多级抽取滤波器能满足地震数据采集系统的精度要求。     

The middle and upper Lochkovian (Lower Devonian) conodont successions in key peri‐Gondwana localities (Spanish Central Pyrenees and Prague Synform) and their relevance for global correlations

Detailed correlation, based on conodont sequences, between middle and upper Lochkovian carbonate successions from two key peri‐Gondwanan regions, the Spanish Central Pyrenees and the Prague Synform, is attained for the first time. This correlation facilitates the definition of tie points for further multidisciplinary studies that seek to establish high‐resolution temporal subdivision and global correlation. Some intervals have a precision of less than 0.5 Ma, which is significantly greater than in previous studies. The estimated elapsed time considered herein is about 3.2 Ma and is subdivided into five major zones of global scope: transitans‐trigonicus, trigonicus‐kutscheri, kutscheri‐pandora β, pandora β‐gilberti and gilberti‐steinachensis β. By providing tie points and globally applicable criteria, this research contributes to the international cooperative effort to subdivide the Devonian standard stages into globally recognised substages.