地磁低点位移法的改进

中低纬度地磁场平静太阳日变化Z分量的极小值出现的时刻常被用于地震预报,即"低点位移"法,但现有算法的时间格式和人工绘制突变界线的模式会产生较大的误差,本文在第一部分针对这些误差改进了原有算法.第一项是改进了地磁低点时间的格式,第二项是引入了Voronoi剖分技术替代人工画线.前者过滤了假的突变界线,消除了系统误差;后者建立了突变界线与地磁台网低点数据之间的解析关系,使它们一一对应,消除了随机误差.本文第二部分内容是提出了新的时间格式与数字化突变界线的计算公式,并用程序实现计算任务.本文第三部分内容是在对地磁台网的低点时间跟踪的过程中,捕捉到了甘肃省周边几次地震前的地磁低点位移现象,并分析这些案例,在结论中证明该方法的可靠性.     

东南极埃默里冰架东缘赖茵博尔特丘陵构造变形过程及其构造意义

对赖茵博尔特丘陵地区的构造变形过程分析表明,该地区发育4期主要构造变形.D1期主要是区域性近EW向片麻理形成阶段,其变形时代为＞970 Ma;D2期是在正片麻岩形成了近EW向轴面陡立韧性剪切褶皱,以及剪切面理上发育的各种紧闭不对称褶皱和低角度拉伸线理,其变形时代为新元古代早期.D3期变形发生在寒武纪早期,以构造抬升至地...     

High-resolution satellite image segmentation using Hölder exponents

Texture in high-resolution satellite images requires substantial amendment in the conventional segmentation algorithms. A measure is proposed to compute the Hölder exponent (HE) to assess the roughness or smoothness around each pixel of the image. The localized singularity information is incorporated in computing the HE. An optimum window size is evaluated so that HE reacts to localized singularity. A two-step iterative procedure for clustering the transformed HE image is adapted to identify the range of HE, densely occupied in the kernel and to partition Hölder exponents into a cluster that matches with the range. Hölder exponent values (noise or not associated with the other cluster) are clubbed to a nearest possible cluster using the local maximum likelihood analysis.     

北京城市居民的空间感知与意象空间结构

对北京城市居民的空间感知进行了问卷调查,从323份感知地图中提取和统计相关数据,并据此分析北京城市居民空间感知的基本类型、构成和发展阶段,以及各种差异性特征。研究表明,北京城市居民的空间感知类型与西方的研究结果大体一致,但存在一定差异;居民居住地域、性别、学历、收入以及出生地的不同,感知地图类型的级别也不相同。感知空间的构成要素在居住地域、年龄、收入和出生地方面差异明显,而发展阶段主要与性别、收入和出生地有关,社会角色和经济收入水平在决定居民感知空间发展阶段方面起到巨大作用。文章最后还根据各种地物和构成要素出现的频率,概括了北京城市意象的空间结构,并发现它与现实中北京城市空间布局的重点极为相似。     

DEM与地形分析的并行计算

总结了数字高程模型构建、特征提取等并行算法的研究进展,概述了不同并行算法的主要内容;探讨了DTA并行技术在海量地形数据可视化和高性能地学计算的应用,随着DEM的需求日益增大,高精度、高分辨率DEM产品及其附加服务也逐步产品化。最后,通过分析并行计算发展的关键问题,提出DTA并行技术的研究趋势及研究意义,合适的数据划分和结果融合策略、通用并行算法、容错机制和负载均衡策略的设计是今后研究的重要内容,尤其是如何在多种计算模式共同发展的背景下利用并行计算解决地学难题,从而得到更接近现实世界地理环境的模拟,并扩大数字地形分析的应用范围。     

新疆和田河流域柽柳沙堆的生物地貌发育过程

Tamarix nabkha is one of the most widespread nabkhas,distributing in the arid region of China.Based on the observations outdoors and the simulation experiments in laboratories,analysis in this paper refers to the biological geomorphologic features and growth process of Tamarix nabkhas in the middle and lower reaches of the Hotan River,Xin- jiang.And the results indicate that the ecological type of Tamarix in the study area is a kind of Tugaic soil habitat based on the deep soil of the Populus Diversifolia f...     

硼酸盐晶体结构与性能关系的价键理论研究进展

硼酸盐晶体结构类型多样,物理和化学性质优良,在国民经济的许多部门应用广泛。随着人们对晶体认识的深入,晶体结构与性能关系的重要性愈加明显。量子化学计算在晶体研究中有重要的地位,但化学键分析方法简便,能定量表述晶体结构与性能关系,特别是在复杂体系研究中有其优势。简述了复杂体系的化学键介电理论,分析了硼酸盐晶体结构与性质关系的研究方法,展望了硼酸盐晶体的价键理论研究前景。     

Aluminum Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from Rich Countries

The article attempts to test the aluminum consumption–economic growth nexus for 20 rich economies for the period 1970–2009. Various panel data unit root and cointegration tests are applied. The series are found to be integrated of order one and cointegrated, especially after controlling for cross-sectional dependence. Moreover, the Blundell–Bond system generalized methods-of-moments is employed to conduct a panel causality test in a vector error-correction mechanism setting. Unidirectional causality running from aluminum consumption to real GDP is uncovered in the short-run, while real GDP is found to Granger-cause aluminum consumption in the long-run. Moreover, a 1% increase in real GDP generates an increase of 0.44% in aluminum consumption in the long-run for the whole panel.     

Automatic mapping of lunar landforms using DEM-derived geomorphometric parameters

Developing approaches to automate the analysis of the massive amounts of data sent back from the Moon will generate significant benefits for the field of lunar geomorphology. In this paper, we outline an automated method for mapping lunar landforms that is based on digital terrain analysis. An iterative self-organizing (ISO) cluster unsupervised classification enables the automatic mapping of landforms via a series of input raster bands that utilize six geomorphometric parameters. These parameters divide landforms into a number of spatially extended, topographically homogeneous segments that exhibit similar terrain attributes and neighborhood properties. To illustrate the applicability of our approach, we apply it to three representative test sites on the Moon, automatically presenting our results as a thematic landform map. We also quantitatively evaluated this approach using a series of confusion matrices, achieving overall accuracies as high as 83.34% and Kappa coefficients (K) as high as 0.77. An immediate version of our algorithm can also be applied for automatically mapping large-scale lunar landforms and for the quantitative comparison of lunar surface morphologies.     

山东沂沭河流域2000BC前后古文化兴衰的环境考古

Neolithic culture series in the Yishu River Basin developed in the order of Beixin culture-Dawenkou culture-Longshan culture-Yueshi culture. During the early and middle stage of Longshan culture （4600-4300 cal. yr BP）, the climate in the Yishu River Basin was warm and wet. Paddy-oriented agriculture planted paddy was very developed. The society was flourishing with great amount of archaeological sites. The cooling starting in 4200 cal. yr BP made the paddies shortfall in output or even no seeds were gathered. This situation intensified the discrepancy between population and resource. The scarcity in natural resource led to substantial decrease in population and subsequent drop in archaeological sites. About 4000 cal. yr BP Longshan culture was displaced by Yueshi culture which was relatively un- derdeveloped, simple and unsophisticated.