金银寨铀矿的土溶滑坡及其防治初探

根据金银寨铀矿岩层裂隙发育，地表降水形成土溶滑坡的特征，采用水泥煤粉注浆加固，使边坡保持稳定。     

黑龙江省东部跃进山群中绿片岩的地球化学特征及地质意义

跃进山群出露位于佳木斯地块和那丹哈达地体之间，是完达山造山带的组成部分。它由大陆斜坡相沉积物、大洋中脊型玄武岩和洋岛型玄武岩组成，其中有镁铁－超镁铁质岩块体。它不是一个地层单位，而是与活动大陆边缘板块俯冲作用有关的蛇绿混杂岩     

华北地台主要花岗岩-绿岩带含金丰度值的研究

近十余年来，在华北地台太古宙花岗岩－绿岩带金矿的研究中，获取了许多有关地层、岩石金丰度值的资料。早期获取的资料因化验分析方法灵敏度不高且样品中常常包含矿化、蚀变和构造破碎的岩石等原因而使其金丰度值偏高。最新的数据采用了高灵敏度化验分析方法且剔除了矿化、蚀变和破碎的岩石样品，计算出的金丰度值均明显低于或接近于地壳金丰度值。结合其它研究成果，提出绿岩带有关金矿矿源是多源的（变质的、岩浆的），甚至是深源的（下地壳或上地幔）认识。     

Coal-generated oil in Tuha Basin

The Turpan-Harmi (abbreviated to Tuha below) Basin is a typical basin of coal-generated oil accumulation in China. The Middle-Lower Jurassic coal measures are considered the main source beds. Hence, both desmocollinite and suberinite are considered the contributors for coal-generated oil. Principal geochemical features of the crude oil in the Tuha Basin are rich in alkanes (70%—80%), high pristane/phytane ratio (6—8), abundant heavy carbon isotope (δ¹³C PDB= -26%–-23%) and absolute GP sterane predominance. The hydrocarbon generation process from the coal series is characterized by multistages, early generation and early expulsion.     

关于大陆与陆缘的深部地震探查的进展──1994、1996年两届国际学术讨论会综述

连续两届国际深部地震讨论会成果累累。对深部地震的资料采集、处理、解释技术以及几类专门地质地球物理问题的研究进行了综述。研究成果在理论、方法方面是该领域的世界先进水平：在地震学应用于陆缘、陆壳与壳幔过渡带等地质问题方面有明显的提高。提出了值得讨论的问题，最后探讨了发展趋势     

坡地系统土壤侵蚀定量评价方法

区域性土壤侵蚀的定量评在涉及到泥沙输移的非连续性难题和众多的非确定性因素，目前应用较普遍的小区定量难以适用。所提出的定量评价方法是利用ＧＩＳ技术、模糊数学、将以分布参数为特征的区域坡地系统划分成若干类具有集中参数特征的基本侵蚀单元，结合ＵＳＬＥ方程来模拟空间上不同侵蚀背景条件下土壤侵蚀的强度，并可以确定影响土壤侵蚀的主要因子及其排序，该方法适用性强，可用于不同空间尺度的土壤侵蚀定量评价。     

Mineralization Ages of the Jiapigou Gold Deposits,Jilin

The Jiapigou gold deposits are typical vein type deposits associated withArchaean greenstone belts in China. According to the crosscutting relationships between dykesand auriferous veins, single hydrothermal zircon U-Pb dating and quartz K-Ar,~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar andRb-Sr datings, the main mineralization stage of the Jiapigou deposit has been determined to be2469-2475 Ma, while mineralization superimposition on the gold deposit occurred in1800-2000 Ma and 130-272 Ma. They form a mineralization framework of one oldermetallogenic epoch (Late Archaean-Early Proterozoic) and one younger metallogenic epoch(Mesozoic) of gold deposits in Archaean greenstone belts in China.     

青藏高原Pn波研究进展及问题

简要总结了青藏高原地区Pn波速度结构、各向异性研究进展；介绍了Pn波速度结构、各向异性等在岩石圈结构、构造背景反映等方面的应用研究进展。分析了目前青藏高原Pn波研究中存在的一些问题。     

Estimated N2O and CO2 Emissions as Influenced by Agricultural Practices in Canada

The Denitrification-Decompostion (DNDC) model was used to estimate the impact of change in management practices on N₂O emissions in seven major soil regions in Canada, for the period 1970 to 2029. Conversion of cultivated land to permanent grassland would result in the greatest reduction in N₂O emissions, particularly in eastern Canada wherethe model estimated about 60% less N₂O emissions for thisconversion. About 33% less N₂O emissions were predicted for a changefrom conventional tillage to no-tillage in western Canada, however, a slight increase in N₂O emissions was predicted for eastern Canada. GreaterN₂O emissions in eastern Canada associated with the adoption of no-tillage were attributed to higher soil moisture causing denitrification, whereas the lower emissions in western Canada were attributed to less decomposition of soil organic matter in no-till versus conventional tilled soil. Elimination of summer fallow in a crop rotation resulted in a 9% decrease in N₂O emissions, with substantial emissions occurringduring the wetter fallow years when N had accumulated. Increasing N-fertilizer application rates by 50% increased average emissions by 32%,while a 50% decrease of N-fertilizer application decreased emissions by16%. In general, a small increase in N₂O emissions was predicted when N-fertilizer was applied in the fall rather than in the spring. Previous research on CO₂ emissions with the CENTURY model (Smith et al.,2001) allowed the quantification of the combined change in N₂O andCO₂ emissions in CO₂ equivalents for a wide range of managementpractices in the seven major soil regions in Canada. The management practices that have the greatest potential to reduce the combined N₂O andCO₂ emissions are conversion from conventional tillage to permanent grassland, reduced tillage, and reduction of summer fallow. The estimated net greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction when changing from cultivated land to permanent grassland ranged from 0.97 (Brown Chernozem) to 4.24 MgCO₂ equiv. ha^–1 y^–1 (BlackChernozem) for the seven soil regions examined. When changing from conventional tillage to no-tillage the net GHG emission reduction ranged from 0.33 (Brown Chernozem) to 0.80 Mg CO₂ equiv. ha^–1 y^–1 (Dark GrayLuvisol). Elimination of fallow in the crop rotation lead to an estimated net GHG emission reduction of 0.43 (Brown Chernozem) to 0.80 Mg CO₂ equiv.ha^–1 y^–1 (Dark Brown Chernozem). The addition of 50% more or 50% less N-fertilizer both resulted in slight increases in combined CO₂ and N₂O emissions. There was a tradeoff in GHG flux with greaterN₂O emissions and a comparable increase in carbon storage when 50% more N-fertilizer was added. The results from this work indicate that conversion of cultivated land to grassland, the conversion from conventional tillage to no-tillage, and the reduction of summerallow in crop rotations could substantially increase C sequestration and decrease net GHG emissions. Based on these results a simple scaling-up scenario to derive the possible impacts on Canada's Kyoto commitment has been calculated.