中国地区气溶胶类型特性分析

利用全球气溶胶观测网（AERONET）2001年—2012年中国地区12个站点的地基遥感气溶胶物理光学特性产品研究了中国地区气溶胶类型特性及其时空变化规律。研究发现中国地区不同类别的气溶胶光学特性（单次散射反照率、不对称因子、光学厚度等）差异较大,由沙尘型、混合型、强散射型细粒子、弱吸收型细粒子、中度吸收型细粒子和强吸收型细粒子等6类组成。中国地区气溶胶类型具有极强的空间变化特性和明显的季节、年际变化特征,沙尘气溶胶主要出现在春季,强散射型细粒子气溶胶主要出现在夏季,而强吸收型细粒子气溶胶主要出现在秋冬季节;近10年间沙尘型、混合型和强散射型细粒子气溶胶呈现上升趋势,而强吸收型细粒子气溶胶则处于下降趋势。在此基础上对比了中国和美国、法国典型站点气溶胶类型,研究发现3个站点的气溶胶差异较大,中国强吸收细粒子类所占的比重高于后两者,同时强散射细粒子类所占的比重低于后两者。     

基于直方变差图的土地覆盖数据集多尺度精度评价

针对目前精度评价尺度单一的问题,提出基于直方变差图的多尺度精度评价方法,分别在像元尺度和亚像元尺度进行土地覆盖数据集精度评价。在像元尺度利用驻点作为采样工具直接评价数据集精度;亚像元尺度上,则利用非严格定义的驻点和驻点直方变差图对不同面积和空间结构的优势类进行精度评价。并以浙江北部典型区域为实验区,Landsat TM/ETM+为参考数据,对UMD、IGBP DISCover、MOD12Q1-2001、GLC2000、GlobCover2009等5种大尺度土地覆盖数据集进行多尺度精度评价实验。结果表明,多尺度精度评价方法能够全面地评价土地覆盖数据集的精度,提供更加丰富的多尺度精度信息。像元尺度精度评价可在一定程度上消除由于参考数据与数据集间的空间匹配造成的误差,评价结果更加客观;亚像元尺度精度评价能有效反映亚像元尺度优势地物面积及空间结构与精度的关系。     

测绘地理信息在智慧中国建设中的作用

近年来,中国不断推进物联网技术和产业发展,各地智慧城市建设也迅速兴起。在此形势下,研究测绘地理信息在智慧中国建设中所起的作用,对于加强测绘地理信息服务保障具有重要意义。本文从地理信息资源、现代测绘手段、地理信息技术应用以及数字中国地理空间框架等四个方面,阐述了测绘地理信息在智慧中国建设中所起的重要作用。     

江苏省国土资源省-市-县三级联动政务管理系统总体框架设计

本文在回顾全省国土资源电子政务建设历程、分析当前信息化不足和面临形势的基础上,立足全省,设计了省-市-县三级联动政务管理系统框架,提出了三种全省系统应用模式并进行优劣分析,基于SOA设计了三级政务协同平台结构。     

利用CUDA的剪切波数据三维可视化

提出了一种基于CUDA的并行体绘制技术,将CPU与GPU进行协同工作,将光线投射这一高度并行的过程交由GPU来处理,同时设计了相应的体绘制数据访存优化策略来提高穿并行加速比。实验证明本方法可以将串行绘制速度提升三十倍。通过中国大陆南北带地区的剪切波数据三维可视化实验结果,可以直观看出低温物体的下沉俯冲带的分布。从三维图像可以看出,由于俯冲带的拖曳作用,使得软流圈的物质存在着向上流动的趋势,该高温物质在上升的过程中,使研究区两侧受到热物质的侵蚀而产生拉张作用,在一定程度上导致了该两侧的构造较为活跃,形成了类似断层、裂谷等拉张构造。相对于传统的显示方法,剪切波速度三维可视化更加高效、直观地展示了太平洋俯冲板块对南北带地区和华北克拉通动力学构造的影响,在地球物理学研究中得到良好的应用。     

Visualization and damage assessment for flooded area

A practical method for visualizing flood area and evaluating damage is presented, which consists of two technical approaches: self-programming and adapting commercial GIS platforms. The low-cost and easy-to-use GIS-Based model developed by self-programming can meet current requirements of most local authorities, especially in developing countries. In this model, two cases, non-source flood and source flood, are distinguished and the Seed-spread algorithm suitable for source-flood is discussed; The flood damage is assessed by overlaying the flood area range with thematic maps and other related social and economic data. and all thematic maps are converted to raster format before overlay analysis. Two measures are taken to improve the operation efficiency of speed seed-spreed algorithm. The accuracy of the model mainly depends on the resolution and precision of the DEM data, and the accuracy of registering all raster layers and the quality of attribute data.     

Allowance of lateral breakthrough error for super long tunnels from 20km to 50km

Up to now there is no specification about the allowance of lateral breakthrough error for super long tunnel from 20 km to 50 km. On the basis of the design of GPS networks located outside and inside tunnel traverse network, we propose a method for calculating the influence value caused by control surveying errors. Through a lot of simulative calculations and combination with piercing practice of super tunnels in Wan Jiazai Project, Shanxi province, we present an allowance table of lateral breakthrough error for super long tunnels from 20 km to 50 km.     

Rank-defect adjustment model for survey-line systematic errors in marine survey net

In this paper, the structure of systematic and random errors in marine survey net are discussed in detail and the adjustment method for observations of marine survey net is studied, in which the rank-defect characteristic is discovered first up to now. On the basis of the survey-line systematic error model, the formulae of the rank-defect adjustment model are deduced according to modern adjustment theory. An example of calculations with really observed data is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of this adjustment model. Moreover, it is proved that the semi-systematic error correction method used at present in marine gravimetry in China is a special case of the adjustment model presented in this paper.     

Research on the security of national geospatial data clearinghouse based on ASP

On the basis of the authors' experiences of setting up an NGDC Web site, this paper attempts to present some significant aspects about the security of NGDC based on ASP. They include data storing, database maintenance, new technical support and so on. Firstly, this paper discusses how to provide the security of data which is saved in the hosts of NGDC. The security model of “Networks-DB Server-DB-DB Object” is also presented. In Windows NT Server, Internet Information Server (i. e., IIS) is in charge of transferring message and the management of Web sites. ASP is also based on IIS. The advantages of virtual directory technique provided by IIS are emphasized.     

Multi-resolution seamless image database

This paper presents the basic concepts and principles, data structure and high efficient spatial index for multi-resolution image database. The database is characterized by arrangement of multi-resource image data and seamless mosaic, distribution-based storage and management, integration with other spatial database software such as GeoStar and GeoGrid developed by Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping.