全文获取类型
收费全文 | 33261篇 |
免费 | 5871篇 |
国内免费 | 8031篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 2629篇 |
大气科学 | 6944篇 |
地球物理 | 8186篇 |
地质学 | 16167篇 |
海洋学 | 3960篇 |
天文学 | 1382篇 |
综合类 | 3633篇 |
自然地理 | 4262篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 177篇 |
2023年 | 580篇 |
2022年 | 1503篇 |
2021年 | 1796篇 |
2020年 | 1426篇 |
2019年 | 1670篇 |
2018年 | 1813篇 |
2017年 | 1663篇 |
2016年 | 1951篇 |
2015年 | 1698篇 |
2014年 | 2079篇 |
2013年 | 1961篇 |
2012年 | 1890篇 |
2011年 | 1955篇 |
2010年 | 2075篇 |
2009年 | 1938篇 |
2008年 | 1801篇 |
2007年 | 1691篇 |
2006年 | 1322篇 |
2005年 | 1247篇 |
2004年 | 957篇 |
2003年 | 951篇 |
2002年 | 916篇 |
2001年 | 947篇 |
2000年 | 1095篇 |
1999年 | 1485篇 |
1998年 | 1199篇 |
1997年 | 1130篇 |
1996年 | 1044篇 |
1995年 | 914篇 |
1994年 | 793篇 |
1993年 | 714篇 |
1992年 | 570篇 |
1991年 | 454篇 |
1990年 | 335篇 |
1989年 | 311篇 |
1988年 | 272篇 |
1987年 | 150篇 |
1986年 | 143篇 |
1985年 | 95篇 |
1984年 | 99篇 |
1983年 | 75篇 |
1982年 | 65篇 |
1981年 | 58篇 |
1980年 | 41篇 |
1979年 | 34篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1958年 | 30篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
The transport of bromide (Br) under matric heads of 0, ?2, ?5, and ?10 cm using undisturbed soil columns was investigated for understanding the solute transport in arid soils. Undisturbed soil cores were collected at ground surface, directly below where tension infiltrometer measurements were made in the Amargosa Desert, Nevada, United States. Laboratory experiments were conducted by introducing water containing Br tracer into a soil column maintained at steady‐state conditions. The observed data of breakthrough curves (BTC) were well fitted to an one‐region model, except for the cores at saturation, and a core at the matric head of ?5 cm, from which the observed data were better fitted to a two‐region model. Fitted pore water velocities with the one‐region model ranged from 1.2 to 56.6 cm/h, and fitted dispersion coefficients (D) ranged from 2.2 to 100 cm2/h. Results for the core analyzed with the two‐region model indicated that D ranged from 27.6 to 70.9 cm2/h at saturation, and 25.7 cm2/h at the matric head of ?5 cm; fraction of mobile water (β) ranged from 0.18 to 0.65, and mass transfer coefficient (ω) ranged from 0.006 to 0.03. In summary, the water fluxes and Br dispersion coefficients at investigated matric heads were very high due to the coarseness of the soils and possibly due to preferential flow pathways. These high water fluxes and Br dispersion coefficients would lead to a higher risk of deeper leaching accumulating nitrate nitrogen to the groundwater, and have significant effects on the desert ecosystem. 相似文献
42.
The gravity inversion is to restore genetic density distribution of the underground target to be explored for explaining the internal structure and distribution... 相似文献
43.
44.
新疆阿拉套山花岗岩类的岩石化学 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
新疆阿拉套山南坡东西向展布的花岗岩石的岩石化学研究表明,本区同时存在I型和S型两种类型的花岗岩,其分布受构造环境控制,靠近古板块缝合线为I型花岗岩分布区、远离古板块缝合线为S型花岗岩分布区。源岩性质和作用强弱等因素可能是造成岩石化学成分差异的原因。 相似文献
45.
Temporal and spatial dynamical simulation of groundwater characteristics in Minqin Oasis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
XIAO DuNing LI XiaoYu ? SONG DongMei & YANG GuoJing Cold Arid Regions Environmental Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(2):261-273
Application scope of geostatistics has been gradually extended from original geologic field to soil science and ecological field, etc. and its successful application results have been widely demonstrated. But little information is reported as to the direct use of geostatistical method to work out the distribu- tion map of groundwater characteristics. In this paper the semivariogram of geostatistics, in combina- tion with GIS, was used to quantitatively study the spatial variation characteristics of groundwater table depth and mineralization degree and their relation to the landuse changes. F test of the used spherical model reached a very significant level, and the theoretical model can well reflect the spatial structural characteristics of groundwater table depth and mineralization degree and achieve an ideal result. This shows that the application of the method in the dynamical simulation of groundwater is feasible. And this paper also provides useful reference for the application of geostatistics in the study of the dy- namical variations of groundwater resources in the oasis. 相似文献
46.
To ensure the safety of structures, high-speed railway and highway founded on liquefiable soils, liquefaction evaluation is a primary task. Herein, a dynamic set pair analysis method based on variable weights is introduced to assess liquefaction. A concept of connection degree of set pair consisting of the evaluation sample and the classification standard was described to interpret the uncertainty of liquefaction and relationship. Moreover, based on reward and penalty mechanism, state variable vectors were presented to assign composite weights of evaluation indicators in order to take into account impacts of indicator variation. And the integrated connection degree to each grade was calculated to evaluate liquefaction of the evaluated cases. Results from practical example and comparison with field investigation and extension method indicated that this proposed model used to evaluate liquefaction is feasible and effective. In addition, it can quantitatively describe liquefaction hierarchy of evaluated samples. 相似文献
47.
48.
TingSheng Xiang XiaoBo Liu Min Zhang Fang Liu BaiGuang Li HuaE Fu Li Zhao WangShui Hu 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(1):128-134
The distribution of indigenous microorganisms was surveyed in Block 1 of Daqing Oilfield. Based on this survey, the indigenous microorganisms in the formation water were activated with different activator systems at the simulated stratum ecological environment. The changes of the number of bacteria of various physiological groups were determined during the process of activation. Also changes of pH value and composition of gas productions were analyzed at the end of culturing. The results showed that the selected block formation water contained a great number of saprophytic bacteria, hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria, fermentative bacteria, methane-producing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Under the conditions that the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria was controlled the block had the potential to enhance oil recovery by activating beneficial bacteria. The growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria can be inhibited through the activation of nitrate-reducing bacteria. The number of nitrate-reducing bacteria reached 106–107 cells/mL, but sulfate-reducing bacteria reached only 0–45 cells/mL in A system. Methane-producing bacteria can be activated by C, D activators. The relative content of biological methane in the light hydrocarbon gas reached 80% in C, D systems. B activator was conducive to the propagation of acid-producing bacteria, so that the pH value of the culture medium decreased from 7.5 to around 5.0. Hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria can be activated by various activator systems. There was low molecular light hydrocarbon in gas production according to the analysis of gas chromatograph. According to the content of methane and the number of methane-producing bacteria, methane only can be generated through activating methane-producing bacteria. By choosing different activator systems, various populations of indigenous microorganisms can be activated accordingly. 相似文献
49.
青藏高原及邻区广泛分布的漂砾层、杂砾岩、含砾板岩是一种特殊的冰海相沉积岩,称为冰海杂砾岩(Ice-seaMix-conglomerates)。它们和一起产出的冷水型动物群、耐冷植物群视为这一地区冈瓦纳相最典型的标志,代表着冈瓦纳大陆上塔尔切尔(Talchir)冰期所影响的时间和空间。除“标准型”冰海杂砾岩外,羌塘腹地发现了蛇绿质和钙质冰海杂砾岩。这两种冰海杂砾岩的发现,不但丰富了冰海杂砾岩的家族成员,同时也为冰海沉积、物质来源问题、冈瓦纳大陆北界及特提斯演化研究提供了新的信息。经研究,冰海杂砾岩中的砾石来自印度半岛──冈瓦纳大陆本体,以冰筏为载体融冰落石成因。 相似文献
50.
岩体中泥化夹层的流变试验及其长期强度的确定 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
文中首先介绍两种室内试验设备--单剪流变仪和剪应力松弛仪(松弛流变仪)及其试验方法,然后根根岩体中泥化夹层的试验成果,证实陈宗基教授提出的最高屈服值f3--强度的临界值即长期强度值,工程设计要重视它。 相似文献