Multifractal and long memory of humidity process in the Tarim River Basin

Based on the daily data of relative humidity from 23 meteorological stations in the Tarim River Basin of northwest China during the period from 1961 to 2010, this paper analyzed the multifractal and long memory property of humidity process. Main findings are as follows: (1) The processes present scaling and multifractal property. (2) The left-skewed multifractal spectrum f(α) indicates that the time series of relative humidity is predominated by small fluctuations. (3) There exists long memory with the δ ∈ (0, 0.5) in the processes, except for Kalpin and Aksu’s exhibiting non-stationary long memory with the parameter δ being 0.67 and 0.69 respectively. (4) We found that on the whole, the degree of multifractality exhibits a strengthening trend with the longitude and latitude increasing, but decreasing trend with elevation rising; For length of long memory, we investigated that on the whole, the δ values increased with the longitude and latitude increasing, which indicates that the bigger the longitude and latitude is, the longer the memory of humidity process is, but the higher the elevation is, the shorter the memory of humidity process is.     

Leaching of inorganics in the Cretaceous Greymouth coal beds, South Island, New Zealand

Leaching processes are believed to be responsible for the unusually low-ash content (sometimes less than 1%) of the thick (up to 35 m) Cretaceous coals located in the Greymouth coalfield, South Island, New Zealand. Although leaching of inorganics in peat is a generally accepted process, little is known about leaching after burial. The “Main” and “E” seams in the Greymouth coalfield show good correlation between low ash and bed thickness. The ash content, however, is often less than 1%, which is lower than most known modern analogues (i.e. peat). There are several lines of evidence that suggest that mineral matter may have been removed from the coal not only in the peat stage but also after burial. For example, etching features found in quartz grains and clay aggregates indicate that some leaching processes have taken place. In addition, liptinitic material (e.g., bitumen) in the cleat networks supports the conclusion that there has been some movement of solutions through the coal after burial. These solutions may have helped to remove some of the inorganics originally within the Greymouth coals.     

乌鲁木齐市建设用地预审审批系统设计与实现

本文在乌鲁木齐市金土工程项目建设的背景下,通过对乌鲁木齐市建设用地预审、审批业务的分析和梳理,建立了建设用地预审、审批业务模型和工作流程,完成了乌鲁木齐市建设用地预审、审批系统的设计与开发,并对系统的架构和应用情况做了简要的介绍。文章在重点介绍了外部交换平台的逻辑架构基础上,详细阐述了一个适应土地垂直管理体制的审批系统中系统的设计与实现。     

关于乌鲁木齐市国土资源“一张图”建设的思考

本文在国土资源部提出的“一张图”定义基础上,明确了乌鲁木齐市国土资源“一张图”的定义,总结了国土资源“一张图”的特点。通过分析乌鲁木齐市国土资源“一张图”的需求,提出乌鲁木齐市国土资源“一张图”建设内容、建设模式。     

胡萝卜花生乳发酵酸奶工艺研究

以胡萝卜花生仁为主要原料,经加工处理、调配后进行乳酸发酵,通过正交试验确定其最适的工艺条件。结果表明：当花生乳：胡萝卜汁为2：1,奶粉用量为2％,糖用量为12％,固形物：水为1：9,接种量为2％,前发酵温度为30℃或35℃,前发酵时间为10～12h或8～10h时,所制得胡萝卜花生乳发酵酸奶的凝乳状态、口感、色泽、风味最好。     

Use of Geosynthetics in Geotechnical Engineering

The use of geosynthetics in every domain of the geotechnical engineering is briefly introduced in this paper. The results and economic benefits obtained at present is also introduced with some engineering examples.     

1573年甘肃岷县地震史料考证与发震构造探讨

通过对1573年甘肃岷县地震的历史资料考证和发震构造的综合研究表明:在1573年岷县地震中遭受破坏最为严重的地区位于如今的岷县县城一带(当时为岷州府所在地)。综合各种资料确定1573年甘肃岷县地震震级为621,极震区烈度为Ⅷ~Ⅸ度,震中位于北纬34.4°,东经104.0°,震中精度为2类,震中位置偏差小于或等于25km。该地区构造上位于东昆仑断裂带和西秦岭北缘断裂带的应变传递和构造转换的中间过渡区,其中的临潭-宕昌断裂带活动特性差异明显,只有部分地段表现出全新世活动特征,地震极震区一带分布有不同程度的滑坡和基岩崩塌等。综合分析认为,临潭-宕昌断裂带的岷县-宕昌段是甘肃岷县1573年621级地震的发震构造。     

从气候角度提高鲜奶产量的潜力

提出了总奶产量等于生理产奶量加营养产奶量和气候产奶量,即：Ｙ总＝Ｙ１＋Ｙ２＋Ｙ３,并重点讨论气候产奶量Ｙ３和营养产奶量Ｙ２。结果表明,各月平均水汽压,月平均气温,月平均最低气温和月蒸发量４个因子对气候产奶量影响较大,同时找出１９８８年的各月平均水汽压,１９９３年月平均气温,１９８９年月平均最低气温和１９８８年月蒸发量４个最佳气象条件的相似年,它们最利用于提高气候产奶量,其次找到了低产奶原因－产乳高     

林窗对格氏栲天然林更新层物种竞争的影响

采用Hegyi单木竞争指数模型探讨林窗和林下格氏栲(Castanopsis kawakamii)幼苗幼树种内和种间竞争强度,分析林窗对格氏栲天然林更新层物种竞争的影响。结果表明:随着对象木高度的增加,林窗和林下格氏栲幼苗幼树的种内竞争强度逐渐减少。林窗种间竞争强度的顺序为:梨茶(Camellia octopetala)>褐毛石楠(Photinia hirsuta)>黄润楠(Machilus grijsii)>桂北木姜子(Litsea subcoriacea)>毛鳞省藤(Calamus thysanolepis)>酸味子(Antidesma japonicum)>少叶黄杞(Engelhardtia fenzelii)>矩圆叶鼠刺(Itea chinensis)>小叶赤楠(Syzygium grijsii)>山黄皮(Clausena dentata)>光叶山矾(Syplocos lancifolia)>沿海紫金牛(Ardisia punctata)>丝栗栲(Castanopsis fargesii)>狗骨柴(Diplospora dubia)>木荷(Schima superba)>赤楠(Syzygium buxifolium)>杜茎山(Maesa japonica)。林下种间竞争强度的顺序为:桂北木姜子>梨茶>黄润楠>木荷>毛冬青(Ilex pubescens)>狗骨柴>毛鳞省藤>香港新木姜子(Neolitsea cambodiana)>酸味子>沿海紫金牛>山黄皮>光叶山矾>赤楠>小叶赤楠>尖叶水丝梨(Distyliopsis dunnii)>杜茎山>丝栗栲。格氏栲幼苗幼树的竞争主要来自种间竞争,种内竞争对格氏栲影响不大,林窗格氏栲幼苗幼树的种内竞争强度和种间总体竞争强度大于林下。通过筛选林窗和林下格氏栲对象木树高与竞争强度的竞争模型,发现对象木树高与竞争指数之间存在负相关,预测结果表明,在林窗格氏栲幼苗生长初期应加强对其保护,林下格氏栲幼苗高度达到100～150 cm后适当采取创造林窗环境以实现其快速生长,从而有效促进林窗和林下格氏栲种群的保护与更新。     

涪江上游泥石流灾损土地资源化利用模式

长江流域涪江上游以高山峡谷地貌为主,人地矛盾突出,水热条件较好的泥石流灾损土地是山区居民主要的生产生活场所,高效利用灾损土地是山区发展的重要途径。通过野外调查,初步查明目前涪江上游42处泥石流灾损土地利用类型主要为耕地、林地和建筑用地,分别占调查总数的41.5%、32.8%和12.1%。这42处泥石流灾损土地总面积为2.47 km²,可利用面积为2.12 km²(含已利用建筑用地等),占调查总面积的86%,潜在可利用面积较高。选取土壤肥力、水土保持特性及工程地质特性3个因子进行泥石流灾损土地资源化利用评价,得出涪江上游泥石流灾损土地资源化利用模式。评价结果表明,涪江上游泥石流灾损土地可利用潜力主要以中等和较低程度为主,占调查总数的88.09%,因此,涪江上游泥石流灾损土地资源具有较大的开发潜力。另外,本文以涪江上游黄家坝为例,得出4种灾损土地利用模式,即村落聚集优化区模式、现代农业耕作区模式、水土保持缓冲区模式及工民建设潜力区模式,并在此基础上提出相应的灾损土地利用建议,为山区土地资源化开发利用提供指导。