Copper accumulation by Polygonum microcephalum D. Don and Rumex hastatus D. Don from copper mining spoils in Yunnan Province, P.R. China

A survey was made of copper mining spoils in Yunnan Province, southwest China. Polygonum microcephalum and Rumex hastatus were found to grow extensively on copper mining spoils in Yunnan Province as representatives of typical high-elevation copper flowers. Plants and their associated soil samples collected from several copper mines in the Province were analyzed for copper. It is found that both plant species can grow well on mining spoils rich in copper but with medium nutrient supply. P. microcephalum accumulated more copper in its organs than R. hastatus. The copper concentration in the roots of both species tended to increase with copper increase in the substrates. However, the tendency for the levels of copper in the leaves of both species to increase linearly with soil copper increase is not clear. This study suggests that both species may have some potential for phytostabilization of metal-contaminated soils and for biogeochemical prospecting.     

Discussion on research advances and hot issues in diagenesis of clastic-rock reservoirs

The research on diagenesis of clastic-rock reservoir is developing rapidly in recent ten years. Thus, it is of great significance in academic and scientific exploration to summarize the domestic and international research progress and the key issues of frontier research on diagenesis. The research progress, main achievement and recognition in diagenesis of clastic-rock reservoirs in recent years is discussed, and the hot issues or developing trend of diagenesis in the future is probed in this paper, on the basis of summarizing the previous research results and understanding, combined with the typical research examples at home and abroad. It is believed that great progress was obtained in provenance and parent rock constraints on sandstone types and their diagenetic evolution pathways, impact of fluid-rock interaction and its product on diagenesis, influence of thermodynamics and overpressure background on diagenesis and pore development, the timing sequence between hydrocarbon accumulation and filling process and the sandstone reservoir becoming low permeability-densification. At present, diagenetic research is developing in direction of the spatial and temporal dynamics and quantitative evolution mechanistic and diagenetic system controlled by the basin fluid dynamics, thermal dynamic processes, combining the micro-scale diagenesis research with the basin macroscopic background such as sedimentation from the source to the basin, burial history, hydrocarbon maturity and charge into reservoirs, tectonic evolution and fluid activity, and fluid and rock interaction.The aim of this paper is to induce the academic peers and experts in diagenesis and the related research fields to come forward with their valuable contributions, to cooperate and work together and joint efforts on the research exquisite, profundity and breadth of diagenesis, and application of the most advanced analytical measurement techniques and methods, as well as integration and infiltration of multidisciplinary, in order to promote the course of the clastic-rock reservoir diagenetic research in China.     

陕西二台子铜金床钠长石碳酸（角砾）岩类特征及形成构造背景分析

从岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学、地球化学、稀土元素等方面研究了二台子铜金矿内长石炭酸（角砾）岩类地质地球化学特征。晚泥盆世－石炭纪,在区域幔羽构造作用下,深部热流体沿先存在构造通道上升进入镇安二台子三级热水沉积盆地之中,形成了石英重晶石炭酸角砾岩、碳酸角砾岩、复成分角砾岩、钠长岩、钠长石碳酸岩,受同性断裂及层位控制明显,并构成了金的矿源层及普遍金矿化。燕山期,具有幔源特征的深部含矿热流体在北东、北西向     

云南山区公路水毁类型及发育机制

公路水毁是在气候,水文,地质环境和人类活动的综合作用下,公路沿线产生的一系列对公路工程的破坏和工程披破坏的过程,通过在云南山区公路水毁的调查研究,其主要类型有沿公路发生的崩塌,滑坡,泥石流,水毁桥涵,水毁路基,水毁路面,路基沉陷和路面翻浆等８类,重点探讨其中崩塌,滑坡,泥石流,路基沉陷和路面翻浆５类的发育机制。     

考虑主余震作用下的核岛厂房结构易损性研究

一次强震常伴随着多次余震作用,且时间间隔较短。研究表明,主震诱发的系列余震会对原有结构造成进一步的累积损伤。核岛厂房结构作为核反应堆的最后一道防线,其在服役期间可能遭受主震和余震的累积作用。参考我国现行规范,定义了四类性能水准(PL)和三种极限状态(LS),以混凝土最大应变作为结构破坏指数(DI),以谱加速度S_a作为地震动强度指标(IM),提出一种考虑主余震序列作用下核岛厂房结构的易损性评估方法。选取PEER数据库地震记录,采用增量动力分析方法,给出了AP1000核岛厂房在420条主余震序列地震作用下的易损性曲线。定量分析了主震强度和主余震谱加速度比对核岛厂房结构易损性的影响。结果表明:核岛厂房的超越概率随着余震强度的增大而增大;余震在主震对结构损伤的基础上会加重核岛厂房的附加损伤;随着主余震谱加速度比从0.5增加到1.0时,核岛厂房结构破坏状态超越概率提高了10%～40%。     

煤矿井下定向钻孔中电阻率探测技术与应用

受高瓦斯/承压奥灰水威胁的工作面开采前,一般采取定向钻进技术在工作面底板开展压裂或注浆工程保障开采安全。利用底板定向钻孔开展孔中探测工作,可更加精细揭露工作面内隐伏构造,还可实现“一孔多用”。为解决定向钻孔内的探测问题,提出一种在水平定向钻孔中进行直流电阻率法探查的方法。定向钻孔施工完毕后,退出定向钻孔施工的通缆钻杆,送入内平钻杆,将孔中高密度电缆通过钻杆尾端特制水便送入钻孔,使孔中电缆平铺于钻孔中,在定向钻孔水平段,进行孔内直流电阻率法径向探测。在理论上通过数值模拟研究层状介质下单孔测量工作模式的接收信号衰减规律、视电阻率曲线变化特征、顶底板岩性对测量结果的影响等,并采用单孔测量数据对孔旁异常范围进行反演定位。数值模拟研究表明,孔中电阻率探测方法对隐伏的异常体有良好的探测效果。通过在陕西韩城某矿井下实际煤层底板探测试验,对研究区2个定向抽采钻孔孔中探测数据进行处理,反演结果异常区与工作面内隐伏小断层位置吻合,验证了定向钻孔中电缆布置的可行性和定向钻孔内通过孔内径向和孔间透视探测隐伏构造的可靠性。      

紫外-可见分光光度法测定多花黄精多糖含量

目的：测定湖南洪江国家黄精标准化基地多花黄精中的多糖含量,为多花黄精的进一步开发利用及药材质量标准研究奠定基础。方法：以葡萄糖为标准品,采用硫酸-蒽酮试剂显色,应用紫外-可见分光光度法测定多花黄精多糖含量。结果：葡萄糖在3.28～19.68μg/mL范围内线性良好（r=0.9992）,多花黄精多糖平均含量为8.05%。结论：洪江种植基地的多花黄精品质优良,洪江是道地黄精药材种植理想基地。     

藏南马扎拉金-锑矿床:成矿流体性质和成矿物质来源

马扎拉金-锑矿床是藏南巨型金-锑成矿带的重要组成部分,其矿床成因目前仍存在不同认识.通过主要矿石和蚀变围岩的岩相学、矿相学、流体包裹体和稳定同位素分析,探讨了马扎拉金-锑矿床的成矿流体性质、矿质迁移和沉淀机制.结果表明,马扎拉金-锑矿床成矿流体主要来自岩浆水,主成矿期流体为中温(约255℃)、低盐度(2.8%~3.5%NaCleqv)、富CO2流体,成矿压力约150 MPa,流体演化过程中的CO2与水的不混溶是造成矿质沉淀的主要原因,成矿金属主要来源于地层,特别是区域广泛分布的海相火山岩地层.     

Experimental study of extreme shear stress for shallow flow under simulated rainfall

The raindrop impact and overland flow are two major factors causing soil detachment and particle transportation. In this study, the turbulent characteristics of the shallow rain‐impacted water flow were investigated using a 2‐D fibre‐optic laser Doppler velocimetry (FLDV) and an artificial rainfall simulator. The fluctuating turbulent shear stress was computed using digital data processing techniques. The experimental data showed that the Reynolds shear stress follows a probability distribution with heavy tails. The tail probability increases with an increase of rainfall intensity or raindrop diameter, and it decreases with an increase of Reynolds number. A modified empirical equation was derived using both the raindrop diameter and rainfall intensity as independent variables to provide a better prediction of the Darcy‐Weisbach friction coefficient f under rainfall conditions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

EFFECTS OF FISH OIL,DHA OIL AND LECITIHIN IN MICROPARTICULATE DIETS ON STRESS TOLERANCE OF LARVAL GILTHEAD SEABREAM（SPARUS AURATA）

The effects of natural fish oil,DHA oil and soybean lecithin in microparticulate diets on stress tolerance of larval gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)were investigated after 15 days feeding trials.The tolerance of larval gilthead seabream to various stress factors such as exposure to air(lack of dissolved oxygen),changes in water temperature(low)and salinity(high) were determined.This study showed that microparticulate diet with natural fish oil and soybean lecithin was the most effective for in-creasing the tolerance of larval gilthead seabream to various stresses,and that microparticulate diet with natural fish oil and palmitic acid(16:0)was more effective than microparticulate diet with DHA oil and soybean lecithin.