Effect of UV-B radiation on the population dynamics of the rotifer Brachionus urceus

The effect of UV-B radiation enhancement at experimental doses of 0.00,0.24,0.48,0.72,0.96,and 1.20 kJ/m 2 on the population dynamics of the rotifer Brachionus urceus feeding on the alga Chlorella sp.was studied under controlled laboratory conditions using clonal culture and life-table techniques.The results show that UV-B radiation treatment significantly shortened the survival time of the rotifer (P <0.05): The longest survival time (336 h) occurred in the control (0.00 kJ/m 2 ) while the shortest (222 h) occurred when exposed to the highest UV-B radiation treatment (1.20 kJ/m 2 ).The fecundity of the rotifer B.urceus was enhanced by the lower UV-B radiation treatment (0.24 and 0.48 kJ/m 2 ) but inhibited by the higher treatments (0.96 and 1.20 kJ/m 2 ).Life expectancy also was obviously affected by UV-B radiation (P <0.05).The highest life expectancy occurred in the control (0.00 kJ/m 2 ),and it became shorter with increasing doses of UV-B radiation.The resutls in the present study indicate that the life expectancy of the rotifer B.urceus can be used as an indicator for UV-B radiation enhancement.     

2005-2006年大亚湾大鹏澳养殖区甲藻孢囊通量的沉积捕捉器研究

于2005年3月至2006年4月在大亚湾的大鹏澳养殖区采用沉积物捕捉器,对甲藻孢囊形成和水温、盐度、营养盐含量等环境因子进行了周年调查,探索该区孢囊形成特征及其与环境因子的关系.在一年的沉积物捕捉器研究中,共分析鉴定出27种甲藻孢囊类型,锥状斯氏藻Scrippsiella trochoidea孢囊为该区最优势孢囊类群,从孢囊的组成显示了该区的污染是以养殖和生活污染为主.孢囊形成没有明显的季节分布特征,两个站年平均为1.07×10<'5>cysts·(m<'2>·d)<'-1>.高、低温都能在一定程度上促进孢囊的生成,氮限制对孢囊的形成具有明显促进作用.首次发现亚历山大藻Alexandrium孢囊在冬季形成的高峰,最高值达4.26×10<'5>cysts·(m<'2>·d)<'-1>.这说明核电站温排水冬季高水温对大亚湾生态环境有较大的影响.     

基于PHC3.0数据集的北冰洋水团分析

基于PHC3.0极地科学中心水文气候数据集(简称PHC3.0数据集)的温度和盐度资料,使用聚类分析和Bayes判别分析的方法,对北纬70°以北海域的水团结构进行了分析,在北冰洋区域划分出4个水团:北冰洋表层水(ASW)、大西洋中层水(AIW)、太平洋水(PW)和北冰洋深层水(ADW)。北冰洋表层水(ASW)遍布于欧亚海盆和加拿大海盆,以低温低盐为特征。大西洋中层水(AIW)位于约200～900m深度,在北冰洋环极边界流的作用下,其影响可达到加拿大海盆。太平洋水(PW)受经白令海峡进入北冰洋的海水影响,相对高温低盐,夏季时影响显著。北冰洋深层水(ADW)在海盆中相当均匀,几乎没有季节变化,盐度约在34.95psu,温度在加拿大海盆约为-0.3℃,欧亚海盆约为-0.7℃。     

Development and application of an operational tide and storm surge prediction model for the seas around Taiwan

Storm surges are abnormal rises in sea level along coastal areas and are mainly formed by strong wind and atmospheric depressions.When storm surges coincide with high tide,coastal flooding can occur.Creating storm surge prediction systems has been an important and operational task worldwide.This study developed a coupled tide and storm surge numerical model of the seas around Taiwan for operational purposes at the Central Weather Bureau.The model was calibrated and verified by using tidal records from seas around Taiwan.Model skill was assessed based on measured records,and the results are presented in details.At 3-minute resolution,tides were generally well predicted,with the root mean-square errors of less than 0.11 m and an overall correlation of more than 0.9.Storms(winds and depressions) were introduced into the model forcing by using the parameter typhoon model.Five typical typhoons that threatened Taiwan were simulated for assessment.The surges were well predicted compared with the records.     

Secondary production of the eusirid amphipod <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pontogeneia rostrata</Emphasis> Gurjanova, 1938 (Crustacea: Peracarida) on a sandy shore in Korea

The secondary production of the eusirid amphipod Pontogeneia rostrata Gurjanova, 1938, was examined on a sandy shore in Korea. Secondary production was estimated using a size-frequency method. The biomass structure of P. rostrata included one peak in spring, with maximum biomass occurring in April. The annual secondary production of this species was 0.57 g DW m⁻² yr⁻¹ with an annual P/B ratio of 6.97. Secondary production of P. rostrata fell within the range observed for other amphipods on intertidal sandy shores, although the production/biomass (P/B) ratio was higher than those recorded previously from the sampling site and from other tidal and estuary areas, as the number of generations increases the P/B ratio. The results showing high abundance and P/B ratios suggest that P. rostrata plays an important role in the sandy shore ecosystem as a trophic link between primary producers and higher consumers.     

时差对海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正的影响分析

为研究时差对磁测的影响,基于站间同步地磁日变曲线的特征,尝试采用同步比对法和相关分析法计算两站的时差.结论表明:同步比对法和相关分析法能反映站间真实的时差,当测区范围较小时(至少是在本文实例的两个地磁日变站之间),时差对地磁日变改正的影响很小,海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正时可以忽略其影响.     

浙闽沿岸流消退时期的浮游植物群落结构特征

浙闽沿岸流对台湾海峡的水文环境意义重大.依据国家海洋局"908"补充调查专项,通过对覆盖浙闽沿岸流海洋锋面过程的海洋生物调查研究,于2008年4月实施针对浙闽沿岸流消退时期(春季)台湾海峡锋面海域的浮游植物取样分析.结果共记录3门41属86种,其中硅藻35属76种.甲藻5属9种,蓝藻1属1种.种类组成以暖水性种类和广布...     

浙江枝吻纽虫（Dendrorhynchus zhejiangensis）凝溶胶蛋白和肌动蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

利用已构建的浙江枝吻纽虫cDNA文库,通过PCR技术扩增得到gelsolin和actin基因的全长cDNA序列。其中,gelsolin的cDNA全长1947bp,5′-非翻译区62bp,3′-非翻译区778bp,开放阅读框1107bp,编码369个氨基酸;actin的cDNA全长为1830bp,5′-非翻译区167bp...     

中华半管藻繁殖生物学研究──Ⅱ.营养细胞和休眼孢子的形态结构

通过扫描电镜观察中华半管藻的营养细胞和休眠孢子的形态结构显示：营养细胞上下壳各具一个线性裂口而不外突的唇形突,壳壁上的眠纹放射状,爪状连接刺上有零散的单孔,从单孔分泌胶质与相邻细胞连接;休眠孢子双凸透镜形或近球形,壳厚,表面平滑无纹饰,上壳面边缘具8～16根分叉长刺,下壳面具微刺,外围有一裙状物,其上有微孔。两类细胞不同的形态特征反映其不同的生态适应。     

添加维生素B_（12）生产菌高密度培养褶皱臂尾轮虫的效果

阐述把维生素Ｂ１２生产菌添加到培养水中培养褶皱臂尾轮虫ＢｒａｃｈｉｏｎｕｓＰｌｉｃａｔｉｌｉｓ的买验。共１８株细菌分离于轮虫培养池，其中，有一株产维生素Ｂ１２的假单胞杆菌ＴＰ４对轮虫的生长繁殖有明显的促进作用。把ＴＰ４菌株培养后，加入到２Ｌ的烧杯和５００Ｌ的水槽中培养泰国Ｓ型轮虫时．在９ｄ（天）和６ｄ（天）中，轮虫密度从１２４～１３９和２４２～２８８个体／ｍｌ增殖到４，４１７～５，５４０和１，０１７～１，２５４个体／ｍｌ，分别比对照组增加了４～６及２～３倍。