青海湖种羊场风成沉积的常量元素组成及其化学风化指示

青海湖区是研究亚洲季风和西风环流强度变化和相互作用的良好区域。与青海湖湖泊钻孔沉积物一样,青海湖岸边广泛堆积的陆相风成沉积独立地记录了青海湖区晚第四纪以来的环境演变。过去对青海湖风成沉积的元素地球化学特征虽有过一些研究,但对于这套风成沉积的化学风化研究相当薄弱。通过对青海湖东岸种羊场剖面晚第四纪风成沉积的常量元素组成及主要的化学风化指标进行研究,结果表明:1)化学风化指标CIA(化学蚀变指数)、CIW(化学风化指数)、K2O/Na2O和Fe2O3/Mg O比值均反映了种羊场风成沉积经历了早期化学风化强度弱、中期强和晚期再度变弱的变化特征;2)在距今~5 ka时,风化指标显示化学风化作用最强,可能记录了青海湖区暖湿的气候特征;3)种羊场风成沉积的Fe2O3/Mg O比值与!fd%(频率磁化率的百分比)呈显著线性正相关(相关系数R2为0.939),指示在化学风化过程中Fe元素的富集对于磁化率增强具有重要贡献。     

融合遗传算法和ICP的地面与车载激光点云配准

车载激光扫描可快速获取大场景点云,由于存在视场限制和遮挡,需地面激光点云作补充。车载与地面点云分别位于大地坐标和局部坐标系统,本文提出结合遗传算法（genetic algorithm,GA）和（iterative closed point,ICP）的自动点云配准方法以统一基准。ICP采用局部优化,效率较高,但依赖初始解;GA为全局优化方法,但效率低。融合策略为当GA配准趋于局部搜索时,采用ICP完成配准。GA配准以地面激光扫描仪内置GPS测量粗略位置限定优化搜索空间。为提高GA配准精度,提出了最大化归一化匹配分数之和（normalized sum of matching scores,NSMS）配准模型。实测数据试验验证了NSMS模型的有效性,GA配准均方根误差（root mean square error,RMSE）为1~5 cm;融合配准比GA配准效率高约50%。     

珠一坳陷始新世文昌组沉积期构造转换对源‒汇体系的控制

An obvious structural transformation between the early and the late stages of the middle Eocene rifting in the ZhuⅠ Depression, which has a significant impact on the formation and evolution of the Paleogene source-to-sink system, has recently been found. Based on comprehensive analysis of seismic, drilling and logging data in the study area, we argue that the structural transformation controls the basic elements of source-to-sink system, such as basin landscape, material source supply, transportation direction and sedimentary style, and affects the deep Paleogene reservoir conditions. Under the restriction of structural transformation, there are two typical source-to-sink models: source migration and fault transformation. Hydrocarbon accumulation related to structural transformation is commonly interpreted by two typical source-to sink models: source migration and fault transformation. The main source of the source migration model migrates under the influence of structural transformation, and the sedimentary boundary, accommodation space and depositional style change accordingly, forming a favorable superimposed and contiguous reservoir target;the supply, transportation and accumulation of provenance in the fault transformation model change orderly in time and space, forming the compound of co-existing fan-delta-beach sedimentary system and reservoir conditions have strong zonation. It is of great significance to explore the characteristics of source to sink system and sand-controlling model under the control of structural transformation in order to find high-quality reservoirs in Paleogene. © 2021, Science Press. All right reserved.     

无机碳与雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)细胞调节物质

以单细胞雨生红球藻为材料，采用酸碱滴定和CO2加富通气培养微藻的方法，对旧液中HCO3^-和CO3^2-浓度变化以及对红球藻细胞生长的影响进行了研究。结果表明，旧液具有限制红球藻细胞生长和诱导细胞转化的作用。同时，旧液中无机碳离子浓度明显高于新液。培养液中富含CO3^2-时，各细胞数量与CO3^2-浓度呈正相关，相关系数为0．88。溶液中仅有HCO3^-时，各细胞数与HCO3^-浓度也呈正相关性。因此，排除了CO3^2-和HCO3^-作为旧液中的调节物质，限制红球藻细胞生长和诱导细胞转化的可能性。旧液乙酸乙酯提取物生物检测实验表明，在粗提取物中有降低细胞增长和诱导细胞转化的活性，表明调节物质能溶于有机相，也反过来证实无机碳离子不是旧液中的调节物质。DNA含量和倍性分析结果表明，红球藻游动细胞DNA复制可以加倍后不经过原生质分裂就可以再次进行，因此推测旧液中的调节物质对原生质分裂过程产生抑制作用，而不对DNA复制过程产生抑制作用。     

Height prediction of water flowing fractured zones based on BP artificial neural network

Factures caused by deformation and destruction of bedrocks over coal seams can easily lead to water flooding(inrush)in mines,a threat to safety production.Fractures with high hydraulic conductivity are good watercourses as well as passages for inrush in mines and tunnels.An accurate height prediction of water flowing fractured zones is a key issue in today's mine water prevention and control.The theory of leveraging BP artificial neural network in height prediction of water flowing fractured zones is analysed and applied in Qianjiaying Mine as an example in this paper.Per the comparison with traditional calculation results,the BP artificial neural network better reflects the geological conditions of the research mine areas and produces more objective,accurate and reasonable results,which can be applied to predict the height of water flowing fractured zones.     

Spatio-temporal Differences and Driving Forces of Air Quality in Chinese Cities

Deterioration of city air quality is the serious problem in the process of rapid urbanization and economic development in China. Taking 74 cities that have implemented the new Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB3095- 2012) since 2013 as examples, using statistical and ArcGIS spatial analysis method, the multi-scale temporal and spatial variations characteristics and the impact of social and economic factors on urban air quality variations, are analyzed in this paper. The main research conclusions are as follows:(1) Air quality in Chinese cities shows very significant seasonal variations, with higher air quality in summer and autumn, and lower air quality in spring and winter; (2) Seen from a daily pollution perspective, air pollution is very serious and will tend to be more serious in the future; (3) Seen from an hourly variation perspective, urban air quality is time coupled with social production and urban living; (4) The overall spatial pattern of urban air quality is high in the east and north and low in the west and south, but with an obvious trend towards regional integration. (5) Cities in different regions have different factors that cause air quality variations. In general, urbanization level and energy consumption per GDP are the common factors.     

GIS的社会化及公众GIS

GIS(地理信息系统 )的发展继专业化和行业化阶段之后 ,正处于社会化发展阶段。在该阶段 ,GIS的主要作用是为公众提供信息服务。文章在分析了GIS的这种发展趋势的基础上提出了“公众GIS”的概念 ,即 :直接面向公众 ,为公众提供信息服务和辅助公众进行行为决策的地理信息系统。与传统GIS相比 ,公众GIS更具有信息服务业的特点。公众GIS的建设应该突出信息的全面性、现势性和准确性、系统的友好性以及数据的易维护性等原则。公众GIS的关键技术包括数据采集、网络、数据库、多媒体以及系统的友好性设计等技术。公众GIS在建设全国城市公众信息服务网、全国交通旅游信息网以及汽车导航信息系统等方面具有广阔的应用前景。文章对公众GIS的实例———“今日武汉”公众查询系统作了简要介绍。     

Hill Instability Analysis of TLP Tether Subjected to Combined Platform Surge and Heave Motions

This paper presents the Hill instability analysis of Tension keg Platform （TLP） tether in deep sea. The 2-D nonlinear beanl model, which is undergoing coupled axial and transverse vibrations, is applied. The governing equations are reduced to nonlinear Hill equation by use of the Galerkin＇ s method and the modes superposition principle. The Hill instability charted up to large parameters is obtained. An important parameter M is defined and can be expressed as the functions of tether length, the platform surge and heave motion amplitudes. Some example studies are performed for various envirotnnental conditions. The results demonstrate that the nonlinear coupling between the axial and transverse vibrations has a significant effect on the response of structure. It needs to be considered for the accurate dynamic analysis of long TI2 tether subjected to the combined platfolna surge and heave motions.     

2007年度地质学科项目受理与评审综述

2007年度地质学科共受理各类项目1 134.基中面上项目703项,青年科学基金207项,地区科学基金14项,重点项目72项,国家杰出青年基金64项,海外青年学者合作基金11项,创新研究群体2项,重大研究计划项目30项,重大国际合作项目1项,联合资助项目30项.     

长石在高温高压条件下的物理化学行为

长石是地学上非常重要的矿物之一。它有可能随着板块俯冲而进入地球深部,因此它在高温高压条件下的相行为以及物理化学性质对地球深部地球动力学研究非常有意义。本文总结了长石端员组份(钾、钠、钙长石)以及其固溶体系列已知的高温、高压实验数据,并绘制成相图。已有的研究成果显示:这三种端员组份在高压下的相行为有较大差异,并产生了许多只在高温高压条件下稳定的相如K-Holl-I、K-Holl-II、CF、CAS及CaPv等。由这些高压相构成的具有长石成分的不同相组合的密度在约5~23GPa的压力范围内超过地幔岩的密度,因此这些相组合可以主动俯冲到上地幔的深处。另一方面,已有研究表明,这些高压相对碱金属及碱土金属在地幔中的赋存状态有着非常重要的影响。