四川盆地中二叠统天然气成藏特征及巨大勘探前景

近年来,在四川盆地中二叠统钻遇孔隙型白云岩储层,获得一批高产井,呈现出良好的勘探前景,但其勘探潜力如何,能否成为四川盆地继安岳气田之后又一个万亿方大气区亟待明晰。通过对烃源岩特征、沉积特征、储集特征以及成藏模式等方面的深入研究认为,中二叠统具备3套优质烃源岩供烃、孔隙型储层发育、封盖条件好的优越成藏条件,发育自生自储型和下生上储型两套成藏组合。中二叠统发育块状孔隙型白云岩储层和孔隙型灰岩岩溶储层,分布面积大,其储集性能和单井测试产量与安岳气田灯影组相当,勘探潜力巨大,是四川盆地下步寻找万亿方大气区的主要层系。     

登陆台风站点大风预报的人工神经网络方法

利用数值预报格点资料预报登陆台风影响时,沿海地区站点风的预报是各站点的定时二分钟风向风速。通过对MICAPS站点资料进行整合、分析,选取了沿海地区400多个资料比较齐全的站点和海岛站作为预报站点。用NCEP再分析场的格点资料做相关性分析,选定9个预报因子。运用BP网络对每个站点分别建立纬向风和经向风人工神经网络模型,拟合风速的绝对值误差是1.3 m·s~(-1)。独立样本检验,风速绝对误差在2 m·s~(-1)以内。     

西藏南部晚始新世打拉埃达克质花岗岩及其构造动力学意义

打拉二云母花岗岩岩体位于雅拉香波穹隆的东南,侵入到中生代以前的变质岩系(眼球状花岗质片麻岩和石榴黑云母片麻岩)和特提斯沉积岩(页岩和砂岩)中,主要由石英、斜长石、钾长石、黑云母和白云母组成,形成于～44.3Ma。打拉二云母花岗岩地球化学特征表明:打拉花岗岩具有高Al_2O_3(16.0%～17.0%)、Na_2O/K_2O(1.2)以及A/CNK比值(1.05),表明打拉花岗岩为富钠过铝质花岗岩;轻稀土(LREE)富集,重稀土(HREE)相对亏损,HREE中的Ho到Lu元素有变平的特征((Ho/Lu)_N=1.11～1.46);具有微弱或无Eu异常,Eu/Eu~*=0.87～0.95;较高的初始Sr同位素比值(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr(i)=0.71754～0.71785)和较低的初始Nd比值(ε_(Nd)(i)=-9.15～-12.4)。打拉花岗岩具有高Sr含量(为355×10~(-6)～416×10~(-6))和Sr/Y的比值(59.1～71.5)、高La/Yb比值、低Y及HREE亏损的特征,与埃达克质花岗岩类似。上述特征表明打拉花岗岩是在较高压力条件下,以角闪岩为主的深部岩石部分熔融的结果。     

江西银山铅锌矿床成矿流体特征

银山铅锌矿床产于前震旦系地层中，容矿围岩主要为千枚岩，矿体呈脉状受构造裂隙控制，流体包裹体及同位素研究表明金属元素及硫主要来自上地幔，流体主要是岩浆水，矿床属中低温岩浆热液矿床，为燕山期成矿。     

对“关于电离层反射电波频率变化的问题”一文的意见

本刊第22卷第4期发表了龙咸灵教授等的“关于电离层反射电波频率变化的问题”一文,该文认为K.Davies给出的公式（见下节（1）式）不成立,高频多普勒频移数据不能反映出电波反射面运动的状况。本文中将证明文献[2,3]给出的公式在一定的条件下仍然是正确的,多普勒频移有时能反映反射面的运动。     

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD OF SOURCES AT THE SURFACE OF A HOMOGENEOUS CONDUCTING HALFSPACE WITH HORIZONTAL ANISOTROPY: APPLICATION TO FISSURED MEDIA*

The electric and magnetic fields generated by horizontal electric and vertical magnetic dipoles lying on the surface of a conducting medium with horizontal anisotropy are investigated. Full expressions of their Fourier transforms are given, and the fields for a vertical magnetic dipole are calculated numerically. The radial and vertical magnetic components are found to be independent of the receiver-transmitter direction, whereas the other magnetic and electric components strongly vary with this direction. These results give useful criteria for defining the direction and amplitude of anisotropy from ground data; a ground experiment on fissured limestone was found to confirm the expected variations of the various field components. It is believed that this electromagnetic method can be used in order to provide information about the direction and amplitude of electric anisotropy.     

Contrasting Sodic and Potassie Glassy Inclusions in Apatite Crystals from an Ijolite

Electron probe analysis of isotropic to weakly birefringentglassy inclusions in apatite crystals within the Usaki ijoliteof western Kenya, indicates that two contrasting compositionsexist. These inclusions are thought to represent samples oforiginal silicate melts. One is rich in K₂O(6 weight per cent),poor in Na₂O(0.3 weight per cent), and oversaturated with respectto silica; and the other is rich in Na₂O(6–14 weight percent), poor in K₂O(0.2 weight per cent), has an antipatheticrelation between Na₂O and CaO (together they usually total 15weight per cent) and is undersaturated with respect to silica.One inclusion shows these two compositions co-existing, apparentlyin an immiscible relationship. Other inclusions show compositionsintermediate between the Na-rich and K-rich types, and theyare interpreted as the result of reduced immiscibility. Thepresence of halides and calcium phosphate is considered to enhancethe immiscibility process. The parental composition, estimatedon a volatile-free basis is: SiO₂ 54.9, Al₂O₃, 27.4, CaO 7.3,Na₂O 3.4, K₂O 6.9, which corresponds to a lime-rich aluminoussyenite.     

基于空间语义角色的自然语言空间概念提取

根据空间信息的特点,从定义的空间语义角色入手,通过语义角色标注、短语识别以及概念模式匹配等手段,具体分析了自然语言中的空间实体、实体间空间关系以及空间过程的表达与提取方法。     

Recognition of ancient carbonate wind deposits: lessons from a modern analogue, Chrissi Island, Crete

Carbonate aeolian deposits are common along arid to semiarid, wind-exposed, present-day coastlines bordered by productive carbonate ramps. Lithified carbonate dunes (aeolianites) have been described around the world in marine terraces of Quaternary age, but these deposits have seldom been identified in the Pre-Quaternary record. Several authors have suggested that this scarcity reflects that these deposits form and are preserved only during icehouse periods characterized by high-amplitude sea-level changes. Others [e.g. McKee and Ward Carbonate Depositional Environments (1983) , AAPG Memoirs, Vol. 33, pp. 131–170] suggest that the scarcity of aeolianites in the Pre-Quaternary record could reflect the ‘great difficulty in recognising wind blown carbonate deposits and in differentiating between them [aeolianites] and other carbonate sands of nearshore environments’. It has been considered that carbonate shoreface/foreshore deposits are very difficult to discriminate petrographically from backshore deposits. This petrographic study of recent sediments from the shoreface to backshore along the northern coast of Chrissi Island, Crete, confirms that carbonate aeolian sands can be very easily misinterpreted as shoreface deposits. Textural examination of thin sections by image analysis techniques indicates, however, that grain orientation patterns differ between facies. Shoreface deposits exhibit a unimodal distribution of grain orientation (flat rose diagram), whereas backshore deposits show a tendency towards a bimodal distribution with a significant proportion of vertical grains. This observation has been confirmed in Pleistocene aeolianites from Tunisia and Western Australia. Grain verticality thus seems to be a reliable criterion for discriminating wind-lain carbonate bodies from shoreface deposits. Vertical grains in aeolian carbonate deposits could reflect gravity effects (e.g. reorientation of grains because of meteoric water percolation and air pull-up). Laboratory experiments conducted on carbonate sands under the action of percolating waters confirm this hypothesis. This reorganization process is preferentially developed in recently deposited and loosely packed sands resulting from grainfall and/or grainflow. In addition, this suggests that the presence of vertical grain orientation might be an indicator of the frequency and intensity of rainfalls during deposition.     

阿司匹林的合成条件研究

以水杨酸和醋酐为原料经O-酰化反应合成阿司匹林，比较了三氯化铝、三氯化铋和无水碳酸钠三种不同催化剂以及反应条件对合成的影响，找到了最佳催化剂和最佳反应务件，即以三氯化铝为催化剂，其用量为水杨酸的2％，水杨酸与醋酐的摩尔比为1：2，反应时间为30min，回流温度为85℃左右，阿司匹林产率可迭72．6％。实验表明该催化剂催化效果好．不污染环境，是一种环境友好的催化剂。同时，本法简单、快速、经济、无污染，产品质量好，适于工业化生产。