日光温室中加扣小拱棚的温湿度效应

利用2013年1-2月河北省清河县日光温室中加扣小拱棚后温湿度观测资料和气象站观测资料,采用数理统计法,对不同天气条件下小拱棚温湿度变化特征和温湿度效应进行分析。结果表明：在晴天、少云-多云天气条件下小拱棚内日最高气温分别达30.0 ℃和25.0 ℃以上,且分别比小拱棚外高1.3-6.6 ℃和1.0-4.5 ℃;在晴天、少云-多云天气条件下小拱棚内日最低气温分别为4.0-11.0 ℃和6.0-14.0 ℃,比小拱棚外高0.0-1.5 ℃。小拱棚内日最小空气相对湿度为50%左右,比小拱棚外高2%-11%,日最大空气相对湿度与小拱棚外持平或略高;小拱棚内0.0 m气温和空气相对湿度日变化幅度均小于小拱棚内0.5 m。连续寡照天气时,小拱棚内气温为5.0-15.0 ℃,空气相对湿度全天为85%以上,温度、湿度变化幅度小且与小拱棚外接近或略高。总体来讲,日光温室加扣小拱棚在晴天或少云-多云天气时具有较好的增温保湿效果,但在寡照天气时增温效果不明显。温室中小拱棚内和小拱棚外温度差、湿度差在白天尤其中午前后较大,而在夜间内外相差较小或无差异。在管理上,应注意预防晴天中午前后小拱棚内温度过高引起的灼伤和寡照天气时低温高湿引起的冻害和病害。     

Models for Estimation of Single Leaf Area of Mangrove TreesModels Trees based on Leaf Length and Widthbased Width

Leaf area is an important parameter for modeling plant growth and physiological processes.It is very expensive and difficult for measuring leaf area by means of Leaf Area Meter,therefore,it’s quite necessary to obtain one simple model for estimation of leaf area of mangrove tree.The models for estimation of leaf area of 3 species of mangrove trees were developed based on leaf length and width.Totally,leaf area(LA),leaf length(L)and width(W)were measured from 450 fresh leaves of major three species of mangrove trees in Zhangjiang Estuary Mangrove National Natural Reserve,Fujian province.The actual leaf area of the plant was measured with the help of ArcGIS software and regression model was fitted.The majority of the data(80%)were used for model calibration,and the remaining data(20%)were used for model validation.All the leaf areas of 3 species of mangrove trees had been significant correlation between L,W,L·W,L2,W2and(L+W)2,so the factors could be constructed into a regression model with leaf area.Six models for estimation of leaf area selected were significantly(p0.001)regressed with L,W and the functions of these dimensions.All models were linear relationships.Based on goodness of fit,prediction ability and residual performance,it was found that model 3 could best describe the relationship between leaf area and leaf length and width.By means of regression analysis,the following models were developed:LA=0.28+0.66L·W(R2=0.980)for Kandelia candel,LA=0.09+0.73L·W(R2=0.983)for Avicennia marina,LA=0.52+0.72L·W(R2=0.990)for Aegiceras corniculatum,respectively.The study provided a simple,reliable and non-destructive method for estimating single leaf area.It had a good potential in the functional structural model of mangrove tree.     

基于数据挖掘探析中医药治疗肝衰竭的用药规律

目的：基于数据挖掘探析中医药治疗肝衰竭的用药规律。方法：在中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WANFANG DATA）、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）、中国生物医学文献服务系统（SinoMed）、PubMed等数据库中检索关于中医药治疗肝衰竭的临床文献。检索时间为自建库以来至2020年6月23日。采用SPSS 23.0软件对数据库中的中药、药性、药味及功效进行频数分析。结果：共纳入文献90篇,其中纳入研究的方剂98首,涉及中药151味,频次＞20次的中药共12味,依次为茵陈、赤芍、大黄、丹参、栀子、郁金、茯苓、白术、甘草、虎杖、牡丹皮、黄芩。涉及19种中药功效,排前10位的依次为清热药、利水渗湿药、补虚药、活血化瘀药、理气药、泻下药、止血药、消食药、化痰止咳平喘药、温里药。排前3位的药性依次为寒、温、平,药味依次为甘、苦、辛。结论：肝衰竭主要病因为热毒、湿浊、瘀血,治法以清热解毒、利湿化浊、行气活血为主,其用药存在一定的规律性。     

注浆材料和预制裂纹缺陷角度对类岩石试件单轴抗压强度及破坏模式的影响

选用环氧树脂和纯水泥浆作为注浆材料,对含不同角度和不同注浆材料裂隙试样进行单轴压缩试验。试验结果表明,注浆材料和裂纹缺陷角度对类岩石试件单轴抗压强度及破坏模式具有重要影响;环氧树脂加固效果优于纯水泥浆,环氧树脂可以有效地消除预制裂纹尖端的应力集中;在裂纹缺陷角度很小( <30°)和角度很大( =90°)的情况下无论裂隙是注环氧树脂还是纯水泥浆,注浆效果都不明显,当 =60°时两种注浆材料的加固效果都很好。提出滑动裂纹模型,对注浆裂隙进行力学分析发现,含注浆裂隙试样的抗压强度随着注浆材料和完整材料胶结面摩擦系数和黏聚力的增大而增大,不同注浆材料和完整材料胶结面的摩擦系数和黏聚力不同,解释了为什么不同的注浆材料对注浆试样强度提升作用不同。研究成果为分析工程中注浆材料和裂纹缺陷角度对岩体强度的影响提供了一定的理论基础。