广西兴业县龙安高岭土矿床成矿地质特征、选矿试验及开采价值浅谈

广西兴业县龙安高岭土矿床产于大容山花岗岩体龙门单元补充侵入岩,成矿母岩为细粒斑状二长花岗岩。高岭土分布广,储量大,埋藏浅,易开采,矿物组分主要为高岭石和石英。高岭石为片状晶体,有序度高,粒度细,粒级分布理想,广泛用于陶瓷、造纸、橡胶、油漆及无线电电子元件、冶金、石油、原子能、建材等,具有巨大的经济开采价值及广阔的市场需求前景。     

甘肃省舟曲8.7特大泥石流调查研究

本文通过对甘肃省舟曲县城后山三眼峪沟和罗家峪沟特大泥石流灾害的现场调查,从泥石流形成的地形、地质和降雨条件入手,分析了特大泥石流灾害的特征与成因:三眼峪沟和罗家峪沟泥石流形成区在2010年8月7日23～24时的1h降雨量达77.3mm,暴雨形成强大洪水依次冲毁两条沟内的天然堆石坝和人工拦挡坝,形成规模巨大的高容重黏性泥石流,泥石流冲出总量和泥沙总量分别为 144.2104m3和97.7104m3; 泥石流携带具有强大冲击力的巨石冲毁房屋5500余间; 在白龙江内形成长约550m,宽约70m,高约10m的堰塞坝并形成堰塞湖,堰塞湖回水长3km,使县城一半被淹; 泥石流造成1744人死亡和失踪。分析研究表明,三眼峪沟和罗家峪沟泥石流如果在近期遭遇强降雨还会暴发泥石流,但规模比87特大泥石流小;如果强降雨发生在数年后,暴发的泥石流规模比87特大泥石流略小;在20a或更长的时期内,没有发生新的地震影响下,在三眼峪沟和罗家峪沟经历一次大规模泥石流暴发后,泥石流的规模将回到汶川地震前的水平。     

转换点位置对转换波速度分析精度的影响

在多波地震勘探中,转换点位置的求取精度直接影响共转换点道集的抽取,进而影响转换波速度分析的精度。利用DSR方程,对比了用不同的转换点计算方法进行转换波速度分析,分析其计算精度。     

银花败毒汤联合牛黄晶治疗扁平疣68例临床观察

目的：观察银花败毒汤联合牛黄晶治疗扁平疣的临床疗效。方法：将137 例扁平疣患者随机分为治疗组（68 例）与对照组（69 例）。治疗组采用银花败毒汤联合牛黄晶治疗,对照组采用阿昔洛韦乳膏治疗。观察2组综合疗效,治疗前后皮疹评分（含皮疹数量、皮疹大小、皮疹颜色、皮疹厚度、瘙痒程度）、皮肤病患者生活质量指数（DLQI）评分以及治疗后免疫反应现象与不良反应,治疗后3个月及1年时随仿,观察其复发情况。结果：总有效率治疗组为98.53%（67/68）,对照组为73.91%（51/69）,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组皮疹数量、皮疹大小、皮疹颜色、皮疹厚度、瘙痒程度及DLQI评分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01或P<0.05）。2组免疫反应发生率、不良反应发生率、治疗后3个月及1年的复发率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论：银花败毒汤联合牛黄晶治疗扁平疣,能有效改善皮损,提高患者生活质量,减少复发,提高免疫反应,疗效显著,安全可靠,值得临床推广应用。     

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE LANDFALLING STRONG TROPICAL CYCLONES IN THE CATASTROPHIC MIGRATIONS OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN CHINA

In order to clarify the statistical pattern by which landfalling strong tropical cyclones(LSTCs)influenced the catastrophic migrations of rice brown planthopper(BPH),Nilaparvata lugens(stl)in China,the data of the LSTCs in China and the lighting catches of BPH that covered the main Chinese rice-growing regions from 1979 to 2008 were collected and analyzed in this work with the assistance of ArcGIS9.3,a software of geographic information system.The results were as follows:(1)In China,there were 220 strong tropical cyclones that passed the main rice-growing regions and 466 great events of BPH’s immigration in the 30 years from 1979 to 2008.73 of them resulted in the occurrence of BPH’s catastrphic migration(CM)events directly and 147 of them produced indirect effect on the migrations.(2)The number of the LSTCs was variable in different years during 1979 to 2008 and their influence was not the same in the BPH’s northward and southward migrations in the years.In the 30 years,the LSTCs brought more obvious influence on the migrations in 1980,1981,2005,2006 and 2007.The influence was the most obvious in2007 and all of the 7 LSTCs produced remarkable impact on the CMs of BPH’s populations.The effect of the LSTCs on the northward immigration of BPH’s populations was the most serious in 2006 and the influence on the southward immigration was the most remarkable in 2005.(3)In these years,the most of LSTCs occurred in July,August and September and great events of BPH's immigration occurred most frequently in the same months.The LSTCs played a more important role on the CM of BPH’s populations in the three months than in other months.(4)The analysis on the spatial distribution of the LSTCs and BPH’s immigration events for the different provinces showed that the BPH’s migrations in the main rice-growing regions of the Southeastern China were influenced by the LSTCs and the impact was different with the change of their spatial probability distribution during their passages.The most serious influence of the LSTCs on the BPH’s migrations occurred in Guangdong and Fujian provinces.(5)The statistical results indicated that a suitable insect source is an indispensable condition of the CMs of BPH when a LSTC influenced a rice-growing region.     

Spatial structure of central places in Jilin Central Urban Agglomeration,Jilin Province,China

Using the radius of gyration from fractal theory, this paper describes the calculation of fractal dimensions for the four tiers of central places in the Jilin Central Urban Agglomeration(JCUA), Jilin Province, China and the structural characteristics of each tier: 1) the 1st tier central place, Changchun Proper(not including Shuangyang District), provides the most service functions and has the most stable primate position; 2) the 2nd tier central places, Jilin Proper, Siping Proper, Liaoyuan Proper and Songyuan Proper have unclear statuses and do not provide certain functions; 3) the 3rd tier central places comprise 23 county-level cities, counties and urban districts(including Shuangyang District of Changchun), exhibiting a dense spatial structure that agrees with theory; 4) the 4th tier contains the largest number of central places(248 designated towns), but they are loosely distributed. In this study, a spatial image of the JCUA was created, based on vectorized data of the urban settlement distribution, which was then modified and abstracted to create a hexagonal network covering the JCUA. Compared to the traditional central place model, the modified spatial image conforms to the K = 3 principle. In reality, however, the growth of some 3rd tier central places should be increased with the cities being upgraded to the 2nd tier so as to overcome that tier′s functional deficiency. The loose distribution in the 4th tier should also be changed. This apparent anomaly can be explained by the fact that the classic hexagon model used to describe the way market areas layout does not exist in the real world. However, this should not be viewed as an obstacle to using central place theory. If its assumptions are properly applied, it can still assist research into the spatial structure of regions.     

2021年夏季中国大陆涝渍灾害时空分布分析

涝渍害是中国除干旱以外对农作物影响最严重的气象灾害,涝渍害的发生和发展对人民的生命和财产安全以及农作物的生长发育产生巨大的影响。2021年7月至8月间,中国北方多地降水达到历史观测极值,而相应时期地面的涝渍害发生和发展状况及其时空特征并未得到有效研究。因此,本研究首先利用中国大陆土壤水分站点日数据和被动微波遥感卫星SMAP反演土壤水分日产品获取中国高精度表层土壤湿度数据（0—10 cm）;随后,结合田间持水量数据计算土壤表层相对含水量。在此基础上,以连续10 d土壤相对含水量大于等于90%为标准,分析中国大陆2021年7月1日—8月25日的涝渍害时空分布情况。结果表明：（1）融合后的土壤水分产品较原始的SMAP微波土壤水分产品精度具有明显的提高;（2）中国东北地区水稻田种植区的土壤相对含水量大于等于90%的最长持续天数均为56 d,土壤的水分长期处于饱和状态,说明了本文方法能够较为准确的反应出土壤涝渍害的情况;（3）中国东北及华北地区受灾较为严重,其中黑龙江的西部和河北、河南、山东发生的涝渍面积最大。中国大陆耕地部分受涝渍灾害区域占到总耕地面积的1/2左右,重灾区面积为1.940×10⁵ km²;（4）黑龙江的西部及河北、河南、山东等地较往年降水偏多,这与涝渍害受灾区基本吻合。     

数字航空摄影三维重建理论与技术发展综述

航空摄影测量作为摄影测量学最重要的分支之一,近年来得到了长足的发展。倾斜航空摄影和无人机摄影测量等多种新作业模式的出现,给传统航空摄影测量带来新的挑战的同时也催生出了诸多新的解决方案。此外,人工智能领域计算机视觉技术和深度学习技术中的新理论、新方法不断融入航空摄影测量中,推动航空摄影测量向智能化、自动化方向发展。当代航空摄影测量学已经是多种传感器融合、多种数据采集方式结合、传统摄影测量和人工智能技术交叉的产物。三维重建是航空摄影测量的核心问题之一。本文阐述了当代航空摄影三维重建技术的发展趋势和存在的问题,着重从航空影像的同名连接点自动提取与匹配、区域网平差、密集匹配和单体化建模4个方面对当前的研究现状进行了总结讨论,给出了当前国内外主流的航空影像摄影测量处理框架。     

阶段模型修正的星载GNSS-R土壤湿度反演方法EI北大核心CSCD

本文提出了一种基于CYGNSS数据的星载GNSS-R土壤湿度反演方法。首先,基于CYGNSS数据提取地表反射率参数,联合SMAP数据中提取的植被光学厚度、地表粗糙度和温度等辅助信息,初步构建了土壤湿度反演理论模型,并利用神经网络模型确定了土壤湿度反演的精细数学模型;然后,将该模型处理获得的土壤湿度以35%为分界点,利用本文提出的阶段函数模型提高反演精度,并使用2018年10月—2019年5月的CYGNSS数据,获得了全球范围内星载GNSS-R土壤湿度;最后,通过与SMAP提供的土壤湿度数据进行对比,评估了本文提出的星载GNSS-R土壤湿度反演方法的有效性,并对获取的星载GNSS-R土壤湿度进行了时间序列分析。结果表明,本文提出的土壤湿度反演方法的结果与SMAP土壤湿度具有良好的一致性,且随时间变化的趋势也相符合,为高精度土壤湿度反演提供了一种思路。     

裂缝诱导双相HTI介质模型及其弹性波传播方程

将Biot双相介质理论与Gurevich裂缝各向异性理论相结合,建立了能够同时考虑实际裂缝性储层孔隙性和各向异性的裂缝诱导双相HTI介质模型。从本构方程、动力学方程和动力学达西定律出发,推导出了裂缝诱导双相HTI介质中弹性波传播的一阶速度-应力方程,并针对方程的刚性问题,给出了利用显式二阶时间积分法数值求解该方程时所需要满足的稳定性条件。该方程能够定量地给出双相HTI介质的波场特征与裂缝参数、背景孔隙介质参数之间的关系,描述弹性波在这种介质中的传播机理。