强风化软硬互层岩质高边坡监测与数值模拟

强风化软硬互层岩质高边坡属岩质边坡特殊情况,其结构面组成及性质复杂,与支护结构相互作用的复杂程度较高,相互影响较大,顺倾结构面临空等情况下破坏可能性很大。以兰永一级公路某深挖路堑边坡的治理工程为依托,对边坡支护过程中及支护结束后的锚杆应力、锚索内力、坡体位移进行了原位监测,并利用岩土分析软件PLAXIS,采用节理岩模块对该边坡工程进行了数值模拟分析。监测及模拟结果表明：该边坡由节理裂隙与岩层面形成折线形潜在滑面,且具有相同滑动可能性的潜在滑面不止一个;支护结构穿透组成滑面折线的任何折线段部分均对结构面稳定有显著影响,但支护结构穿透泥岩面对结构面的影响较穿透节理裂隙更大;支护锚索预应力变化具有一定规律,预应力变化过程对坡体位移及支护结构内力具有一定影响;坡体的主动变形对支护结构内力的影响较坡体被动变形大,结构面产生滑动趋势对坡面位移影响的敏感程度较支护结构内力影响的敏感程度低。该边坡支护稳定,支护设计合理,可为同类边坡支护设计提供相应建议。     

Geological Controls on the CBM Productivity of No.15 Coal Seam of Carboniferous–Permian Taiyuan Formation in Southern Qinshui Basin and Prediction for CBM High-yield Potential Regions

Coalbed methane (CBM) resources in No.15 coal seam of Taiyuan Formation account for 55% of the total CBM resources in southern Qinshui Basin (SQB), and have a great production potential. This study aims at investigating the CBM production in No.15 coal seam and its influence factors. Based on a series of laboratory experiments and latest exploration and development data from local coal mines and CBM companies, the spatial characteristics of gas production of No.15 coal seam were analyzed and then the influences of seven factors on the gas productivity of this coal seam were discussed, including coal thickness, burial depth, gas content, ratio of critical desorption pressure to original coal reservoir pressure (RCPOP), porosity, permeability, and hydrogeological condition. The influences of hydrological condition on CBM production were analyzed based on the discussions of four aspects: hydrogeochemistry, roof lithology and its distribution, hydrodynamic field of groundwater, and recharge rate of groundwater. Finally, a three-level analytic hierarchy process (AHP) evaluation model was proposed for predicting the CBM potentials of the No.15 coal seam in the SQB. The best prospective target area for CBM production of the No.15 coal seam is predicted to be in the districts of Panzhuang, Chengzhuang and south of Hudi.     

塔里木盆地和田河气田周缘寒武系盐下白云岩油气勘探潜力分析

塔里木盆地塔西南地区和田河气田周缘寒武系中统发育厚层膏盐岩,其下白云岩溶蚀裂缝-孔洞型储层发育条件好。多个层系具备烃源岩发育条件,除寒武系下统玉尔吐斯组外,震旦系、南华系也是可能的重要生油层系,油气资源丰富。盐下发育多个规模较大的构造圈闭,且由于膏盐岩层的滑脱作用,断裂很难断穿盐层,后期保存条件好。因此,寒武系中统膏盐岩与下伏白云岩组成本区重要的储盖组合,勘探领域具有非常好的前景。     

斥水性土壤水分入渗试验和模型

为研究斥水性土壤水分入渗规律,并探寻适用于斥水性土壤水分入渗的数学模型,以妫水河流域亲水性和斥水性土壤为研究对象,开展室内一维垂直土柱入渗试验;分别采用Kostiakov分段函数、Fourier级数、一阶Gaussian函数以及Gaussian分段函数对斥水性土壤入渗率进行拟合。试验结果表明:亲水性土壤入渗率随时间呈单调减小变化趋势,斥水性土壤入渗一段时间后累积入渗量会出现翘尾现象,入渗率为先增大后减小的单峰曲线。模型图形分析表明: Kostiakov分段函数入渗率在拐点处同时存在一个极大值和极小值,Fourier级数存在多个波峰,一阶Gaussian函数不能反映入渗率在拐点后大于拐点前的试验现象,因而均难以真实反映斥水性水分入渗过程。忽略水分开始快速入渗过程,Gaussian分段函数模型不仅能够反映入渗率在拐点前的单调增以及拐点后的单调减过程,同时也能够体现入渗率在拐点后大于拐点前的试验现象。     

费县城乡建设用地增减挂钩探析

2009年以来,费县全力推进城乡建设用地增减挂钩工作,为县域经济发展提供了用地空间,为加快城乡统筹发展,调整优化城乡用地布局结构,缓解建设用地供需矛盾,促进土地集约、高效和可持续利用奠定了良好的基础。但还存在与相关规划协调和衔接比较困难、项目资金投入大、拆迁难度大、项目权属调整复杂等问题。针对这些问题提出了强化合作机制、完善土地流转机制、加大资金投入等措施。     

Geochemistry of the Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous shales from the Molango Region,Hidalgo, eastern Mexico: Implications for source-area weathering,provenance, and tectonic setting

This study focuses on the Jurassic (Huayacocotla and Pimienta Formations) and Upper Cretaceous (Méndez Formation) shales from the Molango Region, Hidalgo, Mexico. In this article, we discuss the mineralogy, major, and trace element geochemistry of the Mesozoic shales of Mexico. The goal of this study is to constrain the provenance of the shales, which belong to two different periods of the Mesozoic Era and to understand the weathering conditions and tectonic environments of the source region.     

Computational microstructure modeling to estimate progressive moisture damage behavior of asphaltic paving mixtures

This paper presents a computational microstructure model to estimate the progressive moisture damage of multiphase asphaltic paving mixtures. Moisture damage because of water transport is incorporated with mechanical loading through a finite element method. To simulate nonlinear damage evolution in the mixtures, the model includes Fickian moisture diffusion, a cohesive zone model to simulate the gradual fracture process, and a degradation characteristic function to represent the reduction of material properties because of moisture infiltration. With the model developed, various parametric analyses are conducted to investigate how each model parameter affects the material‐specific moisture damage mechanism and damage resistance potential of the mixtures. Analysis results clearly demonstrate the significance of physical and mechanical properties of mixture components and geometric characteristics of microstructure for the better design of asphaltic paving mixtures and roadway structures. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

胶莱盆地莱阳凹陷莱阳组储层成岩作用及孔隙演化

以野外露头、岩心观察为基础,综合采用普通薄片、铸体薄片、阴极发光薄片、扫描电镜、物性分析、黏土矿物X衍射等多种测试手段对胶莱盆地莱阳组砂岩储层特征、成岩作用及孔隙演化进行了研究。研究结果表明：受物源差异影响,凹陷东部以长石砂岩为主,凹陷西部以岩屑砂岩为主,富含各种塑性岩屑,莱阳组砂岩总体以低成分成熟度、中等结构成熟度为特征。压实作用、压溶作用和胶结作用是造成砂岩储层致密的主要原因。凹陷东部以胶结作用减孔为主,压实程度较弱,碳酸盐胶结物是造成砂岩孔隙度降低的主要胶结物。凹陷西部以压实作用为主,但绿泥石薄膜胶结物的存在有利于保存部分原生孔隙。莱阳组砂岩储层原生孔隙残留较少,多以次生孔隙为主。溶蚀作用,尤其是长石的溶解作用,对改善储层物性有重要作用。次生孔隙发育带主要在K₁llw、K₁ls中,成岩演化达中成岩A期,溶蚀型次生孔隙成为这一阶段主要的孔隙类型,其发育带往往是有利储层发育区。     

基于GMS鄱阳湖拟建枢纽对地下水影响探讨

针对拟建鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程对地下水影响问题,选择赣江三角洲为代表区,采用资料收集、野外调查、统计分析和数值模拟等方法进行研究。依据地质钻探资料、地下水与河流动态关系、区域数字高程模型,结合鄱阳湖历史形成与演化过程确定研究区边界条件,运用GMS模拟软件建立了研究区地下水三维运动模型。依据推荐的枢纽调度方案,利用数值模型计算枢纽运行后对地下水运动影响的时空变化规律。结果表明:枯水年份影响大,距离河流、坝址近的地方影响大,反之亦然。影响幅度范围0~2m,地下水径流交替因此减弱,丰水年份土壤潜育化面积增加9.3%。     

New Discovery of the 341 Ma Gabbro at Xiongcun District in the Southern Margin of Lhasa Terrane,Tibet

正Objective Lhasa terrane has recorded the geologic history concerning the formation and evolution of Paleo-Tethys and the intra-continental convergence in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau(Yin and Harrison,2000).Previous investigations have focused on the initial timing of the India-Asia collision and the Cretaceous–Cenozoic magmatism and sedimentation(Wang Tianyang et al.,2017),however,